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  1  Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
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 20  exhaustive, and do not form part of our licenses.
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 22  -   Considerations for licensors: Our public licenses are intended for
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 35  -   Considerations for the public: By using one of our public licenses,
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 39      applicable exception or limitation to copyright–then that use is not
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 48      wiki.creativecommons.org/Considerations_for_licensees
 49  
 50  Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International Public
 51  License
 52  
 53  By exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree
 54  to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons
 55  Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International Public License ("Public
 56  License"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a
 57  contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your
 58  acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You
 59  such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from
 60  making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.
 61  
 62  -   Section 1 – Definitions.
 63  
 64      -   a. Adapted Material means material subject to Copyright and
 65          Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed
 66          Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated,
 67          altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a
 68          manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar
 69          Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public
 70          License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work,
 71          performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always
 72          produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed
 73          relation with a moving image.
 74      -   b. Adapter's License means the license You apply to Your
 75          Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted
 76          Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this
 77          Public License.
 78      -   c. Copyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar
 79          rights closely related to copyright including, without
 80          limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui
 81          Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are
 82          labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the
 83          rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and
 84          Similar Rights.
 85      -   d. Effective Technological Measures means those measures that,
 86          in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented
 87          under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO
 88          Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar
 89          international agreements.
 90      -   e. Exceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing,
 91          and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and
 92          Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed
 93          Material.
 94      -   f. Licensed Material means the artistic or literary work,
 95          database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this
 96          Public License.
 97      -   g. Licensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to
 98          the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are
 99          limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your
100          use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority
101          to license.
102      -   h. Licensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting
103          rights under this Public License.
104      -   i. NonCommercial means not primarily intended for or directed
105          towards commercial advantage or monetary compensation. For
106          purposes of this Public License, the exchange of the Licensed
107          Material for other material subject to Copyright and Similar
108          Rights by digital file-sharing or similar means is NonCommercial
109          provided there is no payment of monetary compensation in
110          connection with the exchange.
111      -   j. Share means to provide material to the public by any means or
112          process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such
113          as reproduction, public display, public performance,
114          distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and
115          to make material available to the public including in ways that
116          members of the public may access the material from a place and
117          at a time individually chosen by them.
118      -   k. Sui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright
119          resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and
120          of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of
121          databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other
122          essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.
123      -   l. You means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed
124          Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding
125          meaning.
126  
127  -   Section 2 – Scope.
128  
129      -   a. License grant.
130          -   1. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Public
131              License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide,
132              royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable
133              license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed
134              Material to:
135              -   A. reproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole
136                  or in part, for NonCommercial purposes only; and
137              -   B. produce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material for
138                  NonCommercial purposes only.
139          -   2. Exceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt,
140              where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this
141              Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply
142              with its terms and conditions.
143          -   3. Term. The term of this Public License is specified in
144              Section 6(a).
145          -   4. Media and formats; technical modifications allowed. The
146              Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in
147              all media and formats whether now known or hereafter
148              created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do
149              so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any
150              right or authority to forbid You from making technical
151              modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights,
152              including technical modifications necessary to circumvent
153              Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this
154              Public License, simply making modifications authorized by
155              this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.
156          -   5. Downstream recipients.
157              -   A. Offer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every
158                  recipient of the Licensed Material automatically
159                  receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the
160                  Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this
161                  Public License.
162              -   B. No downstream restrictions. You may not offer or
163                  impose any additional or different terms or conditions
164                  on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to,
165                  the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of
166                  the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed
167                  Material.
168          -   6. No endorsement. Nothing in this Public License
169              constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or
170              imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed
171              Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or
172              granted official status by, the Licensor or others
173              designated to receive attribution as provided in Section
174              3(a)(1)(A)(i).
175      -   b. Other rights.
176          -   1. Moral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not
177              licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity,
178              privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however,
179              to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees
180              not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the
181              limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the
182              Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.
183          -   2. Patent and trademark rights are not licensed under this
184              Public License.
185          -   3. To the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to
186              collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed
187              Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society
188              under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory
189              licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly
190              reserves any right to collect such royalties, including when
191              the Licensed Material is used other than for NonCommercial
192              purposes.
193  
194  -   Section 3 – License Conditions.
195  
196      Your exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to
197      the following conditions.
198  
199      -   a. Attribution.
200          -   1. If You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified
201              form), You must:
202              -   A. retain the following if it is supplied by the
203                  Licensor with the Licensed Material:
204                  -   i. identification of the creator(s) of the Licensed
205                      Material and any others designated to receive
206                      attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by
207                      the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);
208                  -   ii. a copyright notice;
209                  -   iii. a notice that refers to this Public License;
210                  -   iv. a notice that refers to the disclaimer of
211                      warranties;
212                  -   v. a URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to
213                      the extent reasonably practicable;
214              -   B. indicate if You modified the Licensed Material and
215                  retain an indication of any previous modifications; and
216              -   C. indicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this
217                  Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or
218                  hyperlink to, this Public License.
219          -   2. You may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any
220              reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in
221              which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may
222              be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI
223              or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required
224              information.
225          -   3. If requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the
226              information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent
227              reasonably practicable.
228          -   4. If You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's
229              License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted
230              Material from complying with this Public License.
231  
232  -   Section 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.
233  
234      Where the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that
235      apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:
236  
237      -   a. for the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the
238          right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a
239          substantial portion of the contents of the database for
240          NonCommercial purposes only;
241      -   b. if You include all or a substantial portion of the database
242          contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database
243          Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database
244          Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material;
245          and
246      -   c. You must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You
247          Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the
248          database.
249  
250      For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not
251      replace Your obligations under this Public License where the
252      Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.
253  
254  -   Section 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.
255  
256      -   a. Unless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to
257          the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material
258          as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or
259          warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether
260          express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without
261          limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a
262          particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other
263          defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether
264          or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties
265          are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not
266          apply to You.
267      -   b. To the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be
268          liable to You on any legal theory (including, without
269          limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special,
270          indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or
271          other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this
272          Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the
273          Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses,
274          costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is
275          not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to
276          You.
277      -   c. The disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability
278          provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the
279          extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute
280          disclaimer and waiver of all liability.
281  
282  -   Section 6 – Term and Termination.
283  
284      -   a. This Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and
285          Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply
286          with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public
287          License terminate automatically.
288      -   b. Where Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated
289          under Section 6(a), it reinstates:
290  
291          -   1. automatically as of the date the violation is cured,
292              provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the
293              violation; or
294          -   2. upon express reinstatement by the Licensor.
295  
296          For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect
297          any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your
298          violations of this Public License.
299  
300      -   c. For the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the
301          Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop
302          distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing
303          so will not terminate this Public License.
304      -   d. Sections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public
305          License.
306  
307  -   Section 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.
308  
309      -   a. The Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or
310          different terms or conditions communicated by You unless
311          expressly agreed.
312      -   b. Any arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the
313          Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and
314          independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.
315  
316  -   Section 8 – Interpretation.
317  
318      -   a. For the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and
319          shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose
320          conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could
321          lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.
322      -   b. To the extent possible, if any provision of this Public
323          License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically
324          reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable.
325          If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from
326          this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the
327          remaining terms and conditions.
328      -   c. No term or condition of this Public License will be waived
329          and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to
330          by the Licensor.
331      -   d. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be
332          interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges
333          and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from
334          the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.
335  
336  Creative Commons is not a party to its public licenses. Notwithstanding,
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