1  #include "Fixed.hpp"
  2  #include <iostream>
  3  
  4  // Helper to print raw fixed-point internals
  5  static void printRaw(const Fixed &obj, const char *name) {
  6    int raw = obj.getRawBits();
  7    unsigned int uraw = static_cast<unsigned int>(raw);
  8    int fb = Fixed::getFractionalBits();
  9    int frac_raw = raw & ((1 << fb) - 1);
 10    std::cout << name << " raw: " << raw << " (hex 0x" << std::hex << uraw
 11              << std::dec << ")";
 12    std::cout << ", fractional raw: " << frac_raw << " (binary ";
 13    for (int i = fb - 1; i >= 0; --i)
 14      std::cout << ((frac_raw >> i) & 1);
 15    std::cout << ") -> " << static_cast<float>(frac_raw) / (1 << fb) << std::endl
 16              << std::endl;
 17  }
 18  
 19  int main() {
 20    std::cout << "========================================" << std::endl;
 21    std::cout << "         Fixed Class Comprehensive Demo" << std::endl;
 22    std::cout << "========================================" << std::endl
 23              << std::endl;
 24  
 25    // Constructors
 26    Fixed defaultObj;
 27    Fixed fromInt(10);
 28    Fixed fromFloat(42.42f);
 29    Fixed copyOfInt = fromInt;
 30  
 31    std::cout << "Constructors:" << std::endl;
 32    std::cout << " defaultObj        : " << defaultObj << " (default)"
 33              << std::endl;
 34    printRaw(defaultObj, "defaultObj");
 35  
 36    std::cout << " fromInt (10)      : " << fromInt << std::endl;
 37    printRaw(fromInt, "fromInt");
 38  
 39    std::cout << " fromFloat (42.42) : " << fromFloat << std::endl;
 40    printRaw(fromFloat, "fromFloat");
 41  
 42    std::cout << " copyOfInt (copy)  : " << copyOfInt << std::endl;
 43    printRaw(copyOfInt, "copyOfInt");
 44  
 45    // Assignment
 46    defaultObj = fromFloat;
 47    std::cout << "After assignment defaultObj = fromFloat: " << defaultObj
 48              << std::endl;
 49    printRaw(defaultObj, "defaultObj (after assignment)");
 50  
 51    // Arithmetic
 52    std::cout << std::endl << "Arithmetic operations:" << std::endl;
 53    Fixed sum = fromInt + fromFloat;
 54    std::cout << " 10 + 42.42 = " << sum << std::endl;
 55    printRaw(sum, "10 + 42.42");
 56  
 57    Fixed diff = fromFloat - fromInt;
 58    std::cout << " 42.42 - 10 = " << diff << std::endl;
 59    printRaw(diff, "42.42 - 10");
 60  
 61    Fixed prod = fromInt * fromFloat;
 62    std::cout << " 10 * 42.42 = " << prod << std::endl;
 63    printRaw(prod, "10 * 42.42");
 64  
 65    Fixed half(0.5f);
 66    Fixed scaled = fromFloat * half;
 67    std::cout << " 42.42 * 0.5 = " << scaled << std::endl;
 68    printRaw(scaled, "42.42 * 0.5");
 69  
 70    Fixed quot = fromFloat / fromInt;
 71    std::cout << " 42.42 / 10 = " << quot << std::endl;
 72    printRaw(quot, "42.42 / 10");
 73  
 74    // toFloat and raw accessors
 75    std::cout << std::endl << "Conversions & accessors:" << std::endl;
 76    std::cout << " fromFloat.toFloat(): " << fromFloat.toFloat() << std::endl;
 77    std::cout << " getRawBits(fromFloat): " << fromFloat.getRawBits()
 78              << std::endl;
 79    std::cout << " getFractionalBits(): " << Fixed::getFractionalBits()
 80              << std::endl;
 81  
 82    // Comparisons
 83    std::cout << std::endl << "Comparisons:" << std::endl;
 84    std::cout << " fromInt < fromFloat : " << (fromInt < fromFloat) << std::endl;
 85    std::cout << " fromInt <= copyOfInt: " << (fromInt <= copyOfInt) << std::endl;
 86    std::cout << " fromInt == copyOfInt: " << (fromInt == copyOfInt) << std::endl;
 87    std::cout << " fromFloat != fromInt : " << (fromFloat != fromInt)
 88              << std::endl;
 89  
 90    // Increment / Decrement
 91    std::cout << std::endl << "Increment / Decrement:" << std::endl;
 92    Fixed incDemo(1.0f);
 93    std::cout << " start: " << incDemo << std::endl;
 94    std::cout << " prefix ++: " << ++incDemo << std::endl;
 95    std::cout << " after prefix: " << incDemo << std::endl;
 96    std::cout << " postfix ++: " << incDemo++ << std::endl;
 97    std::cout << " after postfix: " << incDemo << std::endl;
 98    std::cout << " prefix --: " << --incDemo << std::endl;
 99    std::cout << " postfix --: " << incDemo-- << std::endl;
100    std::cout << " final: " << incDemo << std::endl;
101    printRaw(incDemo, "incDemo (final)");
102  
103    // min / max
104    std::cout << std::endl << "Min / Max helpers:" << std::endl;
105    Fixed &rmin = Fixed::min(fromInt, fromFloat);
106    const Fixed &cmin = Fixed::min(fromInt, fromFloat);
107    Fixed &rmax = Fixed::max(fromInt, fromFloat);
108    const Fixed &cmax = Fixed::max(fromInt, fromFloat);
109    std::cout << " min (non-const ref) : " << rmin << std::endl;
110    std::cout << " min (const ref)     : " << cmin << std::endl;
111    std::cout << " max (non-const ref) : " << rmax << std::endl;
112    std::cout << " max (const ref)     : " << cmax << std::endl;
113  
114    std::cout << std::endl
115              << "========================================" << std::endl;
116    std::cout << "                 End of Demo" << std::endl;
117    std::cout << "========================================" << std::endl;
118  
119    return 0;
120  }