/ externals / fmt / test / printf-test.cc
printf-test.cc
  1  // Formatting library for C++ - printf tests
  2  //
  3  // Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich
  4  // All rights reserved.
  5  //
  6  // For the license information refer to format.h.
  7  
  8  #include "fmt/printf.h"
  9  
 10  #include <cctype>
 11  #include <climits>
 12  #include <cstring>
 13  
 14  #include "fmt/xchar.h"
 15  #include "gtest-extra.h"
 16  #include "util.h"
 17  
 18  using fmt::format;
 19  using fmt::format_error;
 20  using fmt::detail::max_value;
 21  
 22  const unsigned big_num = INT_MAX + 1u;
 23  
 24  // Makes format string argument positional.
 25  static std::string make_positional(fmt::string_view format) {
 26    std::string s(format.data(), format.size());
 27    s.replace(s.find('%'), 1, "%1$");
 28    return s;
 29  }
 30  
 31  static std::wstring make_positional(fmt::basic_string_view<wchar_t> format) {
 32    std::wstring s(format.data(), format.size());
 33    s.replace(s.find(L'%'), 1, L"%1$");
 34    return s;
 35  }
 36  
 37  // A wrapper around fmt::sprintf to workaround bogus warnings about invalid
 38  // format strings in MSVC.
 39  template <typename... Args>
 40  std::string test_sprintf(fmt::string_view format, const Args&... args) {
 41    return fmt::sprintf(format, args...);
 42  }
 43  template <typename... Args>
 44  std::wstring test_sprintf(fmt::basic_string_view<wchar_t> format,
 45                            const Args&... args) {
 46    return fmt::sprintf(format, args...);
 47  }
 48  
 49  #define EXPECT_PRINTF(expected_output, format, arg)     \
 50    EXPECT_EQ(expected_output, test_sprintf(format, arg)) \
 51        << "format: " << format;                          \
 52    EXPECT_EQ(expected_output, fmt::sprintf(make_positional(format), arg))
 53  
 54  TEST(printf_test, no_args) {
 55    EXPECT_EQ("test", test_sprintf("test"));
 56    EXPECT_EQ(L"test", fmt::sprintf(L"test"));
 57  }
 58  
 59  TEST(printf_test, escape) {
 60    EXPECT_EQ("%", test_sprintf("%%"));
 61    EXPECT_EQ("before %", test_sprintf("before %%"));
 62    EXPECT_EQ("% after", test_sprintf("%% after"));
 63    EXPECT_EQ("before % after", test_sprintf("before %% after"));
 64    EXPECT_EQ("%s", test_sprintf("%%s"));
 65    EXPECT_EQ(L"%", fmt::sprintf(L"%%"));
 66    EXPECT_EQ(L"before %", fmt::sprintf(L"before %%"));
 67    EXPECT_EQ(L"% after", fmt::sprintf(L"%% after"));
 68    EXPECT_EQ(L"before % after", fmt::sprintf(L"before %% after"));
 69    EXPECT_EQ(L"%s", fmt::sprintf(L"%%s"));
 70  }
 71  
 72  TEST(printf_test, positional_args) {
 73    EXPECT_EQ("42", test_sprintf("%1$d", 42));
 74    EXPECT_EQ("before 42", test_sprintf("before %1$d", 42));
 75    EXPECT_EQ("42 after", test_sprintf("%1$d after", 42));
 76    EXPECT_EQ("before 42 after", test_sprintf("before %1$d after", 42));
 77    EXPECT_EQ("answer = 42", test_sprintf("%1$s = %2$d", "answer", 42));
 78    EXPECT_EQ("42 is the answer", test_sprintf("%2$d is the %1$s", "answer", 42));
 79    EXPECT_EQ("abracadabra", test_sprintf("%1$s%2$s%1$s", "abra", "cad"));
 80  }
 81  
 82  TEST(printf_test, automatic_arg_indexing) {
 83    EXPECT_EQ("abc", test_sprintf("%c%c%c", 'a', 'b', 'c'));
 84  }
 85  
 86  TEST(printf_test, number_is_too_big_in_arg_index) {
 87    EXPECT_THROW_MSG(test_sprintf(format("%{}$", big_num)), format_error,
 88                     "argument not found");
 89    EXPECT_THROW_MSG(test_sprintf(format("%{}$d", big_num)), format_error,
 90                     "argument not found");
 91  }
 92  
 93  TEST(printf_test, switch_arg_indexing) {
 94    EXPECT_THROW_MSG(test_sprintf("%1$d%", 1, 2), format_error,
 95                     "cannot switch from manual to automatic argument indexing");
 96    EXPECT_THROW_MSG(test_sprintf(format("%1$d%{}d", big_num), 1, 2),
 97                     format_error, "number is too big");
 98    EXPECT_THROW_MSG(test_sprintf("%1$d%d", 1, 2), format_error,
 99                     "cannot switch from manual to automatic argument indexing");
100  
101    EXPECT_THROW_MSG(test_sprintf("%d%1$", 1, 2), format_error,
102                     "cannot switch from automatic to manual argument indexing");
103    EXPECT_THROW_MSG(test_sprintf(format("%d%{}$d", big_num), 1, 2), format_error,
104                     "cannot switch from automatic to manual argument indexing");
105    EXPECT_THROW_MSG(test_sprintf("%d%1$d", 1, 2), format_error,
106                     "cannot switch from automatic to manual argument indexing");
107  
108    // Indexing errors override width errors.
109    EXPECT_THROW_MSG(test_sprintf(format("%d%1${}d", big_num), 1, 2),
110                     format_error, "number is too big");
111    EXPECT_THROW_MSG(test_sprintf(format("%1$d%{}d", big_num), 1, 2),
112                     format_error, "number is too big");
113  }
114  
115  TEST(printf_test, invalid_arg_index) {
116    EXPECT_THROW_MSG(test_sprintf("%0$d", 42), format_error,
117                     "argument not found");
118    EXPECT_THROW_MSG(test_sprintf("%2$d", 42), format_error,
119                     "argument not found");
120    EXPECT_THROW_MSG(test_sprintf(format("%{}$d", INT_MAX), 42), format_error,
121                     "argument not found");
122  
123    EXPECT_THROW_MSG(test_sprintf("%2$", 42), format_error, "argument not found");
124    EXPECT_THROW_MSG(test_sprintf(format("%{}$d", big_num), 42), format_error,
125                     "argument not found");
126  }
127  
128  TEST(printf_test, default_align_right) {
129    EXPECT_PRINTF("   42", "%5d", 42);
130    EXPECT_PRINTF("  abc", "%5s", "abc");
131  }
132  
133  TEST(printf_test, zero_flag) {
134    EXPECT_PRINTF("00042", "%05d", 42);
135    EXPECT_PRINTF("-0042", "%05d", -42);
136  
137    EXPECT_PRINTF("00042", "%05d", 42);
138    EXPECT_PRINTF("-0042", "%05d", -42);
139    EXPECT_PRINTF("-004.2", "%06g", -4.2);
140  
141    EXPECT_PRINTF("+00042", "%00+6d", 42);
142  
143    EXPECT_PRINTF("   42", "%05.d", 42);
144    EXPECT_PRINTF(" 0042", "%05.4d", 42);
145  
146    // '0' flag is ignored for non-numeric types.
147    EXPECT_PRINTF("    x", "%05c", 'x');
148  }
149  
150  TEST(printf_test, plus_flag) {
151    EXPECT_PRINTF("+42", "%+d", 42);
152    EXPECT_PRINTF("-42", "%+d", -42);
153    EXPECT_PRINTF("+0042", "%+05d", 42);
154    EXPECT_PRINTF("+0042", "%0++5d", 42);
155  
156    // '+' flag is ignored for non-numeric types.
157    EXPECT_PRINTF("x", "%+c", 'x');
158  
159    // '+' flag wins over space flag
160    EXPECT_PRINTF("+42", "%+ d", 42);
161    EXPECT_PRINTF("-42", "%+ d", -42);
162    EXPECT_PRINTF("+42", "% +d", 42);
163    EXPECT_PRINTF("-42", "% +d", -42);
164    EXPECT_PRINTF("+0042", "% +05d", 42);
165    EXPECT_PRINTF("+0042", "%0+ 5d", 42);
166  
167    // '+' flag and space flag are both ignored for non-numeric types.
168    EXPECT_PRINTF("x", "%+ c", 'x');
169    EXPECT_PRINTF("x", "% +c", 'x');
170  }
171  
172  TEST(printf_test, minus_flag) {
173    EXPECT_PRINTF("abc  ", "%-5s", "abc");
174    EXPECT_PRINTF("abc  ", "%0--5s", "abc");
175  
176    EXPECT_PRINTF("7    ", "%-5d", 7);
177    EXPECT_PRINTF("97   ", "%-5hhi", 'a');
178    EXPECT_PRINTF("a    ", "%-5c", 'a');
179  
180    // '0' flag is ignored if '-' flag is given
181    EXPECT_PRINTF("7    ", "%-05d", 7);
182    EXPECT_PRINTF("7    ", "%0-5d", 7);
183    EXPECT_PRINTF("a    ", "%-05c", 'a');
184    EXPECT_PRINTF("a    ", "%0-5c", 'a');
185    EXPECT_PRINTF("97   ", "%-05hhi", 'a');
186    EXPECT_PRINTF("97   ", "%0-5hhi", 'a');
187  
188    // '-' and space flag don't interfere
189    EXPECT_PRINTF(" 42", "%- d", 42);
190  }
191  
192  TEST(printf_test, space_flag) {
193    EXPECT_PRINTF(" 42", "% d", 42);
194    EXPECT_PRINTF("-42", "% d", -42);
195    EXPECT_PRINTF(" 0042", "% 05d", 42);
196    EXPECT_PRINTF(" 0042", "%0  5d", 42);
197  
198    // ' ' flag is ignored for non-numeric types.
199    EXPECT_PRINTF("x", "% c", 'x');
200  }
201  
202  TEST(printf_test, hash_flag) {
203    EXPECT_PRINTF("042", "%#o", 042);
204    EXPECT_PRINTF(fmt::format("0{:o}", static_cast<unsigned>(-042)), "%#o", -042);
205    EXPECT_PRINTF("0", "%#o", 0);
206  
207    EXPECT_PRINTF("0x42", "%#x", 0x42);
208    EXPECT_PRINTF("0X42", "%#X", 0x42);
209    EXPECT_PRINTF(fmt::format("0x{:x}", static_cast<unsigned>(-0x42)), "%#x",
210                  -0x42);
211    EXPECT_PRINTF("0", "%#x", 0);
212  
213    EXPECT_PRINTF("0x0042", "%#06x", 0x42);
214    EXPECT_PRINTF("0x0042", "%0##6x", 0x42);
215  
216    EXPECT_PRINTF("-42.000000", "%#f", -42.0);
217    EXPECT_PRINTF("-42.000000", "%#F", -42.0);
218  
219    char buffer[256];
220    safe_sprintf(buffer, "%#e", -42.0);
221    EXPECT_PRINTF(buffer, "%#e", -42.0);
222    safe_sprintf(buffer, "%#E", -42.0);
223    EXPECT_PRINTF(buffer, "%#E", -42.0);
224  
225    EXPECT_PRINTF("-42.0000", "%#g", -42.0);
226    EXPECT_PRINTF("-42.0000", "%#G", -42.0);
227  
228    EXPECT_PRINTF("0x1.p+4", "%#a", 16.0);
229    EXPECT_PRINTF("0X1.P+4", "%#A", 16.0);
230  
231    // '#' flag is ignored for non-numeric types.
232    EXPECT_PRINTF("x", "%#c", 'x');
233  }
234  
235  TEST(printf_test, width) {
236    EXPECT_PRINTF("  abc", "%5s", "abc");
237  
238    // Width cannot be specified twice.
239    EXPECT_THROW_MSG(test_sprintf("%5-5d", 42), format_error,
240                     "invalid format specifier");
241  
242    EXPECT_THROW_MSG(test_sprintf(format("%{}d", big_num), 42), format_error,
243                     "number is too big");
244    EXPECT_THROW_MSG(test_sprintf(format("%1${}d", big_num), 42), format_error,
245                     "number is too big");
246  }
247  
248  TEST(printf_test, dynamic_width) {
249    EXPECT_EQ("   42", test_sprintf("%*d", 5, 42));
250    EXPECT_EQ("42   ", test_sprintf("%*d", -5, 42));
251    EXPECT_THROW_MSG(test_sprintf("%*d", 5.0, 42), format_error,
252                     "width is not integer");
253    EXPECT_THROW_MSG(test_sprintf("%*d"), format_error, "argument not found");
254    EXPECT_THROW_MSG(test_sprintf("%*d", big_num, 42), format_error,
255                     "number is too big");
256  }
257  
258  TEST(printf_test, int_precision) {
259    EXPECT_PRINTF("00042", "%.5d", 42);
260    EXPECT_PRINTF("-00042", "%.5d", -42);
261    EXPECT_PRINTF("00042", "%.5x", 0x42);
262    EXPECT_PRINTF("0x00042", "%#.5x", 0x42);
263    EXPECT_PRINTF("00042", "%.5o", 042);
264    EXPECT_PRINTF("00042", "%#.5o", 042);
265  
266    EXPECT_PRINTF("  00042", "%7.5d", 42);
267    EXPECT_PRINTF("  00042", "%7.5x", 0x42);
268    EXPECT_PRINTF("   0x00042", "%#10.5x", 0x42);
269    EXPECT_PRINTF("  00042", "%7.5o", 042);
270    EXPECT_PRINTF("     00042", "%#10.5o", 042);
271  
272    EXPECT_PRINTF("00042  ", "%-7.5d", 42);
273    EXPECT_PRINTF("00042  ", "%-7.5x", 0x42);
274    EXPECT_PRINTF("0x00042   ", "%-#10.5x", 0x42);
275    EXPECT_PRINTF("00042  ", "%-7.5o", 042);
276    EXPECT_PRINTF("00042     ", "%-#10.5o", 042);
277  }
278  
279  TEST(printf_test, float_precision) {
280    char buffer[256];
281    safe_sprintf(buffer, "%.3e", 1234.5678);
282    EXPECT_PRINTF(buffer, "%.3e", 1234.5678);
283    EXPECT_PRINTF("1234.568", "%.3f", 1234.5678);
284    EXPECT_PRINTF("1.23e+03", "%.3g", 1234.5678);
285    safe_sprintf(buffer, "%.3a", 1234.5678);
286    EXPECT_PRINTF(buffer, "%.3a", 1234.5678);
287  }
288  
289  TEST(printf_test, string_precision) {
290    char test[] = {'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o'};
291    EXPECT_EQ(fmt::sprintf("%.4s", test), "Hell");
292  }
293  
294  TEST(printf_test, ignore_precision_for_non_numeric_arg) {
295    EXPECT_PRINTF("abc", "%.5s", "abc");
296  }
297  
298  TEST(printf_test, dynamic_precision) {
299    EXPECT_EQ("00042", test_sprintf("%.*d", 5, 42));
300    EXPECT_EQ("42", test_sprintf("%.*d", -5, 42));
301    EXPECT_THROW_MSG(test_sprintf("%.*d", 5.0, 42), format_error,
302                     "precision is not integer");
303    EXPECT_THROW_MSG(test_sprintf("%.*d"), format_error, "argument not found");
304    EXPECT_THROW_MSG(test_sprintf("%.*d", big_num, 42), format_error,
305                     "number is too big");
306    if (sizeof(long long) != sizeof(int)) {
307      long long prec = static_cast<long long>(INT_MIN) - 1;
308      EXPECT_THROW_MSG(test_sprintf("%.*d", prec, 42), format_error,
309                       "number is too big");
310    }
311  }
312  
313  template <typename T> struct make_signed { typedef T type; };
314  
315  #define SPECIALIZE_MAKE_SIGNED(T, S) \
316    template <> struct make_signed<T> { typedef S type; }
317  
318  SPECIALIZE_MAKE_SIGNED(char, signed char);
319  SPECIALIZE_MAKE_SIGNED(unsigned char, signed char);
320  SPECIALIZE_MAKE_SIGNED(unsigned short, short);
321  SPECIALIZE_MAKE_SIGNED(unsigned, int);
322  SPECIALIZE_MAKE_SIGNED(unsigned long, long);
323  SPECIALIZE_MAKE_SIGNED(unsigned long long, long long);
324  
325  // Test length format specifier ``length_spec``.
326  template <typename T, typename U>
327  void test_length(const char* length_spec, U value) {
328    long long signed_value = 0;
329    unsigned long long unsigned_value = 0;
330    // Apply integer promotion to the argument.
331    unsigned long long max = max_value<U>();
332    using fmt::detail::const_check;
333    if (const_check(max <= static_cast<unsigned>(max_value<int>()))) {
334      signed_value = static_cast<int>(value);
335      unsigned_value = static_cast<unsigned long long>(value);
336    } else if (const_check(max <= max_value<unsigned>())) {
337      signed_value = static_cast<unsigned>(value);
338      unsigned_value = static_cast<unsigned long long>(value);
339    }
340    if (sizeof(U) <= sizeof(int) && sizeof(int) < sizeof(T)) {
341      signed_value = static_cast<long long>(value);
342      unsigned_value = static_cast<unsigned long long>(
343          static_cast<typename std::make_unsigned<unsigned>::type>(value));
344    } else {
345      signed_value = static_cast<typename make_signed<T>::type>(value);
346      unsigned_value = static_cast<typename std::make_unsigned<T>::type>(value);
347    }
348    std::ostringstream os;
349    os << signed_value;
350    EXPECT_PRINTF(os.str(), fmt::format("%{}d", length_spec), value);
351    EXPECT_PRINTF(os.str(), fmt::format("%{}i", length_spec), value);
352    os.str("");
353    os << unsigned_value;
354    EXPECT_PRINTF(os.str(), fmt::format("%{}u", length_spec), value);
355    os.str("");
356    os << std::oct << unsigned_value;
357    EXPECT_PRINTF(os.str(), fmt::format("%{}o", length_spec), value);
358    os.str("");
359    os << std::hex << unsigned_value;
360    EXPECT_PRINTF(os.str(), fmt::format("%{}x", length_spec), value);
361    os.str("");
362    os << std::hex << std::uppercase << unsigned_value;
363    EXPECT_PRINTF(os.str(), fmt::format("%{}X", length_spec), value);
364  }
365  
366  template <typename T> void test_length(const char* length_spec) {
367    T min = std::numeric_limits<T>::min(), max = max_value<T>();
368    test_length<T>(length_spec, 42);
369    test_length<T>(length_spec, -42);
370    test_length<T>(length_spec, min);
371    test_length<T>(length_spec, max);
372    long long long_long_min = std::numeric_limits<long long>::min();
373    if (static_cast<long long>(min) > long_long_min)
374      test_length<T>(length_spec, static_cast<long long>(min) - 1);
375    unsigned long long long_long_max = max_value<long long>();
376    if (static_cast<unsigned long long>(max) < long_long_max)
377      test_length<T>(length_spec, static_cast<long long>(max) + 1);
378    test_length<T>(length_spec, std::numeric_limits<short>::min());
379    test_length<T>(length_spec, max_value<unsigned short>());
380    test_length<T>(length_spec, std::numeric_limits<int>::min());
381    test_length<T>(length_spec, max_value<int>());
382    test_length<T>(length_spec, std::numeric_limits<unsigned>::min());
383    test_length<T>(length_spec, max_value<unsigned>());
384    test_length<T>(length_spec, std::numeric_limits<long long>::min());
385    test_length<T>(length_spec, max_value<long long>());
386    test_length<T>(length_spec, std::numeric_limits<unsigned long long>::min());
387    test_length<T>(length_spec, max_value<unsigned long long>());
388  }
389  
390  TEST(printf_test, length) {
391    test_length<char>("hh");
392    test_length<signed char>("hh");
393    test_length<unsigned char>("hh");
394    test_length<short>("h");
395    test_length<unsigned short>("h");
396    test_length<long>("l");
397    test_length<unsigned long>("l");
398    test_length<long long>("ll");
399    test_length<unsigned long long>("ll");
400    test_length<intmax_t>("j");
401    test_length<size_t>("z");
402    test_length<std::ptrdiff_t>("t");
403    long double max = max_value<long double>();
404    EXPECT_PRINTF(fmt::format("{:.6}", max), "%g", max);
405    EXPECT_PRINTF(fmt::format("{:.6}", max), "%Lg", max);
406  }
407  
408  TEST(printf_test, bool) { EXPECT_PRINTF("1", "%d", true); }
409  
410  TEST(printf_test, int) {
411    EXPECT_PRINTF("-42", "%d", -42);
412    EXPECT_PRINTF("-42", "%i", -42);
413    unsigned u = 0 - 42u;
414    EXPECT_PRINTF(fmt::format("{}", u), "%u", -42);
415    EXPECT_PRINTF(fmt::format("{:o}", u), "%o", -42);
416    EXPECT_PRINTF(fmt::format("{:x}", u), "%x", -42);
417    EXPECT_PRINTF(fmt::format("{:X}", u), "%X", -42);
418  }
419  
420  TEST(printf_test, long_long) {
421    // fmt::printf allows passing long long arguments to %d without length
422    // specifiers.
423    long long max = max_value<long long>();
424    EXPECT_PRINTF(fmt::format("{}", max), "%d", max);
425  }
426  
427  TEST(printf_test, float) {
428    EXPECT_PRINTF("392.650000", "%f", 392.65);
429    EXPECT_PRINTF("392.65", "%.2f", 392.65);
430    EXPECT_PRINTF("392.6", "%.1f", 392.65);
431    EXPECT_PRINTF("393", "%.f", 392.65);
432    EXPECT_PRINTF("392.650000", "%F", 392.65);
433    char buffer[256];
434    safe_sprintf(buffer, "%e", 392.65);
435    EXPECT_PRINTF(buffer, "%e", 392.65);
436    safe_sprintf(buffer, "%E", 392.65);
437    EXPECT_PRINTF(buffer, "%E", 392.65);
438    EXPECT_PRINTF("392.65", "%g", 392.65);
439    EXPECT_PRINTF("392.65", "%G", 392.65);
440    EXPECT_PRINTF("392", "%g", 392.0);
441    EXPECT_PRINTF("392", "%G", 392.0);
442    EXPECT_PRINTF("4.56e-07", "%g", 0.000000456);
443    safe_sprintf(buffer, "%a", -392.65);
444    EXPECT_EQ(buffer, format("{:a}", -392.65));
445    safe_sprintf(buffer, "%A", -392.65);
446    EXPECT_EQ(buffer, format("{:A}", -392.65));
447  }
448  
449  TEST(printf_test, inf) {
450    double inf = std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity();
451    for (const char* type = "fega"; *type; ++type) {
452      EXPECT_PRINTF("inf", fmt::format("%{}", *type), inf);
453      char upper = static_cast<char>(std::toupper(*type));
454      EXPECT_PRINTF("INF", fmt::format("%{}", upper), inf);
455    }
456  }
457  
458  TEST(printf_test, char) {
459    EXPECT_PRINTF("x", "%c", 'x');
460    int max = max_value<int>();
461    EXPECT_PRINTF(fmt::format("{}", static_cast<char>(max)), "%c", max);
462    // EXPECT_PRINTF("x", "%lc", L'x');
463    EXPECT_PRINTF(L"x", L"%c", L'x');
464    EXPECT_PRINTF(fmt::format(L"{}", static_cast<wchar_t>(max)), L"%c", max);
465  }
466  
467  TEST(printf_test, string) {
468    EXPECT_PRINTF("abc", "%s", "abc");
469    const char* null_str = nullptr;
470    EXPECT_PRINTF("(null)", "%s", null_str);
471    EXPECT_PRINTF("    (null)", "%10s", null_str);
472    EXPECT_PRINTF(L"abc", L"%s", L"abc");
473    const wchar_t* null_wstr = nullptr;
474    EXPECT_PRINTF(L"(null)", L"%s", null_wstr);
475    EXPECT_PRINTF(L"    (null)", L"%10s", null_wstr);
476  }
477  
478  TEST(printf_test, pointer) {
479    int n;
480    void* p = &n;
481    EXPECT_PRINTF(fmt::format("{}", p), "%p", p);
482    p = nullptr;
483    EXPECT_PRINTF("(nil)", "%p", p);
484    EXPECT_PRINTF("     (nil)", "%10p", p);
485    const char* s = "test";
486    EXPECT_PRINTF(fmt::format("{:p}", s), "%p", s);
487    const char* null_str = nullptr;
488    EXPECT_PRINTF("(nil)", "%p", null_str);
489  
490    p = &n;
491    EXPECT_PRINTF(fmt::format(L"{}", p), L"%p", p);
492    p = nullptr;
493    EXPECT_PRINTF(L"(nil)", L"%p", p);
494    EXPECT_PRINTF(L"     (nil)", L"%10p", p);
495    const wchar_t* w = L"test";
496    EXPECT_PRINTF(fmt::format(L"{:p}", w), L"%p", w);
497    const wchar_t* null_wstr = nullptr;
498    EXPECT_PRINTF(L"(nil)", L"%p", null_wstr);
499  }
500  
501  enum test_enum { answer = 42 };
502  auto format_as(test_enum e) -> int { return e; }
503  
504  TEST(printf_test, enum) {
505    EXPECT_PRINTF("42", "%d", answer);
506    volatile test_enum volatile_enum = answer;
507    EXPECT_PRINTF("42", "%d", volatile_enum);
508  }
509  
510  #if FMT_USE_FCNTL
511  TEST(printf_test, examples) {
512    const char* weekday = "Thursday";
513    const char* month = "August";
514    int day = 21;
515    EXPECT_WRITE(stdout, fmt::printf("%1$s, %3$d %2$s", weekday, month, day),
516                 "Thursday, 21 August");
517  }
518  
519  TEST(printf_test, printf_error) {
520    fmt::file read_end, write_end;
521    fmt::file::pipe(read_end, write_end);
522    int result = fmt::fprintf(read_end.fdopen("r").get(), "test");
523    EXPECT_LT(result, 0);
524  }
525  #endif
526  
527  TEST(printf_test, wide_string) {
528    EXPECT_EQ(L"abc", fmt::sprintf(L"%s", L"abc"));
529  }
530  
531  TEST(printf_test, vprintf) {
532    int n = 42;
533    auto store = fmt::format_arg_store<fmt::printf_context, int>(n);
534    auto args = fmt::basic_format_args<fmt::printf_context>(store);
535    EXPECT_EQ(fmt::vsprintf(fmt::string_view("%d"), args), "42");
536    EXPECT_WRITE(stdout, fmt::vfprintf(stdout, fmt::string_view("%d"), args),
537                 "42");
538  }
539  
540  template <typename... Args>
541  void check_format_string_regression(fmt::string_view s, const Args&... args) {
542    fmt::sprintf(s, args...);
543  }
544  
545  TEST(printf_test, check_format_string_regression) {
546    check_format_string_regression("%c%s", 'x', "");
547  }
548  
549  TEST(printf_test, fixed_large_exponent) {
550    EXPECT_EQ("1000000000000000000000", fmt::sprintf("%.*f", -13, 1e21));
551  }
552  
553  TEST(printf_test, make_printf_args) {
554    EXPECT_EQ("[42] something happened",
555              fmt::vsprintf(fmt::string_view("[%d] %s happened"),
556                            {fmt::make_printf_args(42, "something")}));
557    EXPECT_EQ(L"[42] something happened",
558              fmt::vsprintf(fmt::basic_string_view<wchar_t>(L"[%d] %s happened"),
559                            {fmt::make_wprintf_args(42, L"something")}));
560  }