raid.html
1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html lang="de"> 3 <head> 4 <meta charset="UTF-8" /> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> 6 <meta http-equiv="onion-location" content="http://bopbopl6lohkl2rts3ltesjnag4hzs4jrx2h6k6etgq5xasbpqekzlqd.onion" /> 7 <title>BOP Wiki: RAID</title> 8 <link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/stylesheet.css" /> 9 <link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="/assets/img/favicon.png"> 10 </head> 11 <body> 12 <header> 13 <!-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --> 14 <script src="/assets/js/navbar-OpenClose.js"></script> 15 <script src="/assets/js/lightbox.js"></script> 16 <script src="/assets/js/copyCodeButton.js"></script> 17 <link rel="stylesheet" href="/resources/js-libraries/highlightJS/atom-one-dark.min.css"> 18 <script src="/resources/js-libraries/highlightJS/highlight.min.js"></script> 19 <script src="/resources/js-libraries/highlightJS/highlightjs-line-numbers.min.js"></script> 20 <script>hljs.highlightAll();</script> 21 <script>hljs.initLineNumbersOnLoad();</script> 22 <!-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --> 23 <div class="branding"> 24 <button class="toggle-btn-navbar" id="navbarOpenButton">☰</button> 25 <a href="/"> 26 <img class="logo" src="/assets/img/logo.png"> 27 </a> 28 <div class="typing-animation">BytesOfProgress</div> 29 </div> 30 </header> 31 <div id="navbarContainer" class="navbar-container"> 32 <iframe class="navbar-iframe" src="/assets/navbar/navbar.html" frameBorder= "0"></iframe> 33 </div> 34 <main> 35 <!-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --> 36 37 <article class="site-post"> 38 <header class="post-header"> 39 <h1 class="post-title">RAID</h1> 40 <div class="post-meta"> 41 </div> 42 </header> 43 </article> 44 45 <nav class="breadcrumb"> 46 <a href="/">Home</a> 47 <span class="divider">›</span> 48 <a href="/wiki/">Wiki</a> 49 <span class="divider">›</span> 50 <a href="/wiki/storage/storage.html">Storage</a> 51 <span class="divider">›</span> 52 <span class="current">RAID</span> 53 </nav> 54 55 <section class="post-content"> 56 57 <!-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --> 58 59 <p> 60 RAID, or Redundant Array of Independent Disks (previously called 61 "redundant array of inexpensive disks"), is a 62 storage technology that combines multiple physical disk 63 drives into a single logical unit for the purpose of data 64 redundancy, performance improvement, or both. There are several 65 RAID levels, each with its own configuration and benefits. 66 It was invented by David A. Patterson, Garth A. 67 Gibson and Randy H. Katz, in 1987. 68 69 </p> 70 71 <p> 72 In a RAID array, data is distributed or replicated across 73 the member drives according to the chosen RAID level. The 74 two primary categories of RAID configurations are 75 mirroring and striping. 76 </p> 77 78 <p> 79 NOTE: RAID can increase data security, but it is not a backup. 80 </p> 81 82 83 84 <span style="color:#ff6600"> 85 <h1 style="font-size:25px">Hardware / Software RAID</h1> 86 </span> 87 88 89 90 <span style="color:#ff6600"> 91 <h1 style="font-size:20px">Hardware RAID</h1> 92 </span> 93 94 <p> 95 In hardware RAID, a special controller 96 takes care of the RAID tasks, and it's often 97 part of the storage system. This controller has 98 its own processing power, which can make it faster, 99 but it can also be more expensive. This is what 100 a hardware RAID controller looks like: 101 </p> 102 103 <img style="max-width:95%; width: 500px;" id="img_DocPreview" src="raidcontroller.jpg"/> 104 105 <p> 106 Setting up hardware RAID is done through a dedicated interface 107 or tool from the RAID controller, similar to accessing the BIOS. 108 When it comes to moving RAID configurations to a different system, 109 hardware RAID can be trickier because it depends on a specific 110 RAID controller. 111 </p> 112 113 114 115 <span style="color:#ff6600"> 116 <h1 style="font-size:20px">Software RAID</h1> 117 </span> 118 119 <p> 120 Software RAID is generally more flexible and can be 121 moved between systems with compatible software support. 122 Software RAID is managed directly through the operating system. 123 </p> 124 125 <p> 126 Unlike hardware RAID, which has its dedicated processor, 127 software RAID uses the computer's CPU and RAM for RAID calculations. While this 128 may cause a slight overhead, modern CPUs are 129 mostly powerful enough to handle these tasks efficiently. 130 </p> 131 132 <p> 133 Software RAID configurations can be easily adjusted and managed 134 through the operating system's tools. This flexibility allows 135 users to create, modify, or delete RAID arrays without the 136 need for specialized hardware or additional components. 137 </p> 138 139 <p> 140 One of the primary advantages of software RAID is its cost-effectiveness. 141 Since it relies on the existing resources of the host system, there is 142 no need for a separate RAID controller, making it 143 a more budget-friendly solution. 144 </p> 145 146 147 148 <!-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --> 149 150 <span style="color:#ff6600"> 151 <h1 style="font-size:25px">RAID Levels</h1> 152 </span> 153 154 <p> 155 Each RAID level serves different purposes in terms of performance, 156 redundancy, and capacity. Here are the most common RAID levels: 157 </p> 158 159 <!-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --> 160 161 162 <hr> 163 <span style="color:#ff6600"> 164 <h1 style="font-size:20px">RAID 0 (Striping)</h1> 165 </span> 166 167 <p> 168 Pro: High performance, no overhead. 169 </p> 170 171 <p> 172 Contra: No redundancy. 173 </p> 174 175 <p> 176 A minimum of 2 physical disks needed. 177 </p> 178 179 <p> 180 Usable capacity: n-0 181 </p> 182 183 <p> 184 Failed drives without data-loss: 0 185 </p> 186 187 <img style="max-width:95%; width: 500px;" id="img_DocPreview" src="RAID0.jpg"/> 188 189 <!-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --> 190 191 192 <hr> 193 <span style="color:#ff6600"> 194 <h1 style="font-size:20px">RAID 1 (Mirroring)</h1> 195 </span> 196 197 <p> 198 Pro: Instant failover: If the primary drive fails, the secondary 199 can be accessed directly, preventing data loss. 200 </p> 201 202 <p> 203 Contra: Twice as much storage capacity required. Write speed is 204 slow as data is written to two hard drives at the same time. 205 </p> 206 207 <p> 208 A minimum of 2 physical disks needed. 209 </p> 210 211 <p> 212 Usable capacity: n-1 213 </p> 214 215 <p> 216 Failed drives without data-loss: 1 217 </p> 218 219 <img style="max-width:95%; width: 500px;" id="img_DocPreview" src="RAID1.jpg"/> 220 221 <!-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --> 222 223 224 <hr> 225 <span style="color:#ff6600"> 226 <h1 style="font-size:20px">RAID 5 (Striping with Distributed Parity)</h1> 227 </span> 228 229 <p> 230 Pro: High security through distribution of parity data across 231 all hard drives: Hard drives can be replaced 232 during operation (aka. are hotswappable). 233 </p> 234 235 <p> 236 Contra: Write speed is slow. 237 </p> 238 239 <p> 240 A minimum of 3 physical disks needed. 241 </p> 242 243 <p> 244 Usable capacity: n-1 245 </p> 246 247 <p> 248 Failed drives without data-loss: 1 249 </p> 250 251 <img style="max-width:95%; width: 500px;" id="img_DocPreview" src="RAID5.jpg"/> 252 253 <!-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --> 254 255 256 <hr> 257 <span style="color:#ff6600"> 258 <h1 style="font-size:20px">RAID 6 (Striping with Dual Parity)</h1> 259 </span> 260 261 <p> 262 Pro: Double parity protects against data loss. 263 The percentage of usable data storage increases 264 as more hard drives are added. 265 </p> 266 267 <p> 268 Contra: Lower performance than RAID 5. 269 </p> 270 271 <p> 272 A minimum of 4 physical disks needed. 273 </p> 274 275 <p> 276 Usable capacity: n-2 277 </p> 278 279 <p> 280 Failed drives without data-loss: 2 281 </p> 282 283 <img style="max-width:95%; width: 500px;" id="img_DocPreview" src="RAID6.jpg"/> 284 285 <!-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --> 286 287 288 <hr> 289 <span style="color:#ff6600"> 290 <h1 style="font-size:20px">RAID 10 (Striping and Mirroring)</h1> 291 </span> 292 293 <p> 294 Pro: Good performance and fault tolerance. It combines striping and 295 mirroring to provide both speed and redundancy. 296 </p> 297 298 <p> 299 Contra: Twice as much storage capacity required. 300 </p> 301 302 <p> 303 A minimum of 4 physical disks needed. 304 </p> 305 306 <p> 307 Usable capacity: n-2 308 </p> 309 310 <p> 311 Failed drives without data loss: Half of the total drives can fail without data loss. 312 </p> 313 314 <img style="max-width:95%; width: 500px;" id="img_DocPreview" src="RAID10.jpg"/> 315 316 317 <!-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --> 318 319 <p> 320 Each RAID level has its own advantages and trade-offs, 321 and the choice depends on the specific requirements 322 of the application, including considerations for 323 performance, data protection, and available 324 storage capacity. 325 </p> 326 327 <!-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --> 328 329 </section> 330 <hr /> 331 <footer class="post-footer"> 332 <a href="/wiki/storage/storage.html" class="cta-button">← Back</a> 333 </footer> 334 </main> 335 </body> 336 </html>