/ src / bitcoin-cli.cpp
bitcoin-cli.cpp
   1  // Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
   2  // Copyright (c) 2009-present The Bitcoin Core developers
   3  // Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
   4  // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
   5  
   6  #include <bitcoin-build-config.h> // IWYU pragma: keep
   7  
   8  #include <chainparamsbase.h>
   9  #include <clientversion.h>
  10  #include <common/args.h>
  11  #include <common/system.h>
  12  #include <compat/compat.h>
  13  #include <compat/stdin.h>
  14  #include <policy/feerate.h>
  15  #include <rpc/client.h>
  16  #include <rpc/mining.h>
  17  #include <rpc/protocol.h>
  18  #include <rpc/request.h>
  19  #include <tinyformat.h>
  20  #include <univalue.h>
  21  #include <util/chaintype.h>
  22  #include <util/exception.h>
  23  #include <util/strencodings.h>
  24  #include <util/time.h>
  25  #include <util/translation.h>
  26  
  27  #include <algorithm>
  28  #include <chrono>
  29  #include <cmath>
  30  #include <cstdio>
  31  #include <functional>
  32  #include <memory>
  33  #include <optional>
  34  #include <string>
  35  #include <tuple>
  36  
  37  #ifndef WIN32
  38  #include <unistd.h>
  39  #endif
  40  
  41  #include <event2/buffer.h>
  42  #include <event2/keyvalq_struct.h>
  43  #include <support/events.h>
  44  
  45  using util::Join;
  46  using util::ToString;
  47  
  48  // The server returns time values from a mockable system clock, but it is not
  49  // trivial to get the mocked time from the server, nor is it needed for now, so
  50  // just use a plain system_clock.
  51  using CliClock = std::chrono::system_clock;
  52  
  53  const TranslateFn G_TRANSLATION_FUN{nullptr};
  54  
  55  static const char DEFAULT_RPCCONNECT[] = "127.0.0.1";
  56  static const int DEFAULT_HTTP_CLIENT_TIMEOUT=900;
  57  static constexpr int DEFAULT_WAIT_CLIENT_TIMEOUT = 0;
  58  static const bool DEFAULT_NAMED=false;
  59  static const int CONTINUE_EXECUTION=-1;
  60  static constexpr uint8_t NETINFO_MAX_LEVEL{4};
  61  static constexpr int8_t UNKNOWN_NETWORK{-1};
  62  // See GetNetworkName() in netbase.cpp
  63  static constexpr std::array NETWORKS{"not_publicly_routable", "ipv4", "ipv6", "onion", "i2p", "cjdns", "internal"};
  64  static constexpr std::array NETWORK_SHORT_NAMES{"npr", "ipv4", "ipv6", "onion", "i2p", "cjdns", "int"};
  65  static constexpr std::array UNREACHABLE_NETWORK_IDS{/*not_publicly_routable*/0, /*internal*/6};
  66  
  67  /** Default number of blocks to generate for RPC generatetoaddress. */
  68  static const std::string DEFAULT_NBLOCKS = "1";
  69  
  70  /** Default -color setting. */
  71  static const std::string DEFAULT_COLOR_SETTING{"auto"};
  72  
  73  static void SetupCliArgs(ArgsManager& argsman)
  74  {
  75      SetupHelpOptions(argsman);
  76  
  77      const auto defaultBaseParams = CreateBaseChainParams(ChainType::MAIN);
  78      const auto testnetBaseParams = CreateBaseChainParams(ChainType::TESTNET);
  79      const auto testnet4BaseParams = CreateBaseChainParams(ChainType::TESTNET4);
  80      const auto signetBaseParams = CreateBaseChainParams(ChainType::SIGNET);
  81      const auto regtestBaseParams = CreateBaseChainParams(ChainType::REGTEST);
  82  
  83      argsman.AddArg("-version", "Print version and exit", ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY, OptionsCategory::OPTIONS);
  84      argsman.AddArg("-conf=<file>", strprintf("Specify configuration file. Relative paths will be prefixed by datadir location. (default: %s)", BITCOIN_CONF_FILENAME), ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY, OptionsCategory::OPTIONS);
  85      argsman.AddArg("-datadir=<dir>", "Specify data directory", ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY | ArgsManager::DISALLOW_NEGATION, OptionsCategory::OPTIONS);
  86      argsman.AddArg("-generate",
  87                     strprintf("Generate blocks, equivalent to RPC getnewaddress followed by RPC generatetoaddress. Optional positional integer "
  88                               "arguments are number of blocks to generate (default: %s) and maximum iterations to try (default: %s), equivalent to "
  89                               "RPC generatetoaddress nblocks and maxtries arguments. Example: bitcoin-cli -generate 4 1000",
  90                               DEFAULT_NBLOCKS, DEFAULT_MAX_TRIES),
  91                     ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY, OptionsCategory::CLI_COMMANDS);
  92      argsman.AddArg("-addrinfo", "Get the number of addresses known to the node, per network and total, after filtering for quality and recency. The total number of addresses known to the node may be higher.", ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY, OptionsCategory::CLI_COMMANDS);
  93      argsman.AddArg("-getinfo", "Get general information from the remote server. Note that unlike server-side RPC calls, the output of -getinfo is the result of multiple non-atomic requests. Some entries in the output may represent results from different states (e.g. wallet balance may be as of a different block from the chain state reported)", ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY, OptionsCategory::CLI_COMMANDS);
  94      argsman.AddArg("-netinfo", strprintf("Get network peer connection information from the remote server. An optional argument from 0 to %d can be passed for different peers listings (default: 0). If a non-zero value is passed, an additional \"outonly\" (or \"o\") argument can be passed to see outbound peers only. Pass \"help\" (or \"h\") for detailed help documentation.", NETINFO_MAX_LEVEL), ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY, OptionsCategory::CLI_COMMANDS);
  95  
  96      SetupChainParamsBaseOptions(argsman);
  97      argsman.AddArg("-color=<when>", strprintf("Color setting for CLI output (default: %s). Valid values: always, auto (add color codes when standard output is connected to a terminal and OS is not WIN32), never. Only applies to the output of -getinfo.", DEFAULT_COLOR_SETTING), ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY | ArgsManager::DISALLOW_NEGATION, OptionsCategory::OPTIONS);
  98      argsman.AddArg("-named", strprintf("Pass named instead of positional arguments (default: %s)", DEFAULT_NAMED), ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY, OptionsCategory::OPTIONS);
  99      argsman.AddArg("-rpcclienttimeout=<n>", strprintf("Timeout in seconds during HTTP requests, or 0 for no timeout. (default: %d)", DEFAULT_HTTP_CLIENT_TIMEOUT), ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY, OptionsCategory::OPTIONS);
 100      argsman.AddArg("-rpcconnect=<ip>", strprintf("Send commands to node running on <ip> (default: %s)", DEFAULT_RPCCONNECT), ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY, OptionsCategory::OPTIONS);
 101      argsman.AddArg("-rpccookiefile=<loc>", "Location of the auth cookie. Relative paths will be prefixed by a net-specific datadir location. (default: data dir)", ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY, OptionsCategory::OPTIONS);
 102      argsman.AddArg("-rpcpassword=<pw>", "Password for JSON-RPC connections", ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY, OptionsCategory::OPTIONS);
 103      argsman.AddArg("-rpcport=<port>", strprintf("Connect to JSON-RPC on <port> (default: %u, testnet: %u, testnet4: %u, signet: %u, regtest: %u)", defaultBaseParams->RPCPort(), testnetBaseParams->RPCPort(), testnet4BaseParams->RPCPort(), signetBaseParams->RPCPort(), regtestBaseParams->RPCPort()), ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY | ArgsManager::NETWORK_ONLY, OptionsCategory::OPTIONS);
 104      argsman.AddArg("-rpcuser=<user>", "Username for JSON-RPC connections", ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY, OptionsCategory::OPTIONS);
 105      argsman.AddArg("-rpcwait", "Wait for RPC server to start", ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY, OptionsCategory::OPTIONS);
 106      argsman.AddArg("-rpcwaittimeout=<n>", strprintf("Timeout in seconds to wait for the RPC server to start, or 0 for no timeout. (default: %d)", DEFAULT_WAIT_CLIENT_TIMEOUT), ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY | ArgsManager::DISALLOW_NEGATION, OptionsCategory::OPTIONS);
 107      argsman.AddArg("-rpcwallet=<walletname>", "Send RPC for non-default wallet on RPC server (needs to exactly match corresponding -wallet option passed to bitcoind). This changes the RPC endpoint used, e.g. http://127.0.0.1:8332/wallet/<walletname>", ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY, OptionsCategory::OPTIONS);
 108      argsman.AddArg("-stdin", "Read extra arguments from standard input, one per line until EOF/Ctrl-D (recommended for sensitive information such as passphrases). When combined with -stdinrpcpass, the first line from standard input is used for the RPC password.", ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY, OptionsCategory::OPTIONS);
 109      argsman.AddArg("-stdinrpcpass", "Read RPC password from standard input as a single line. When combined with -stdin, the first line from standard input is used for the RPC password. When combined with -stdinwalletpassphrase, -stdinrpcpass consumes the first line, and -stdinwalletpassphrase consumes the second.", ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY, OptionsCategory::OPTIONS);
 110      argsman.AddArg("-stdinwalletpassphrase", "Read wallet passphrase from standard input as a single line. When combined with -stdin, the first line from standard input is used for the wallet passphrase.", ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY, OptionsCategory::OPTIONS);
 111  }
 112  
 113  std::optional<std::string> RpcWalletName(const ArgsManager& args)
 114  {
 115      // Check IsArgNegated to return nullopt instead of "0" if -norpcwallet is specified
 116      if (args.IsArgNegated("-rpcwallet")) return std::nullopt;
 117      return args.GetArg("-rpcwallet");
 118  }
 119  
 120  /** libevent event log callback */
 121  static void libevent_log_cb(int severity, const char *msg)
 122  {
 123      // Ignore everything other than errors
 124      if (severity >= EVENT_LOG_ERR) {
 125          throw std::runtime_error(strprintf("libevent error: %s", msg));
 126      }
 127  }
 128  
 129  //
 130  // Exception thrown on connection error.  This error is used to determine
 131  // when to wait if -rpcwait is given.
 132  //
 133  struct CConnectionFailed : std::runtime_error {
 134      explicit inline CConnectionFailed(const std::string& msg) :
 135          std::runtime_error(msg)
 136      {}
 137  };
 138  
 139  //
 140  // This function returns either one of EXIT_ codes when it's expected to stop the process or
 141  // CONTINUE_EXECUTION when it's expected to continue further.
 142  //
 143  static int AppInitRPC(int argc, char* argv[])
 144  {
 145      SetupCliArgs(gArgs);
 146      std::string error;
 147      if (!gArgs.ParseParameters(argc, argv, error)) {
 148          tfm::format(std::cerr, "Error parsing command line arguments: %s\n", error);
 149          return EXIT_FAILURE;
 150      }
 151      if (argc < 2 || HelpRequested(gArgs) || gArgs.GetBoolArg("-version", false)) {
 152          std::string strUsage = CLIENT_NAME " RPC client version " + FormatFullVersion() + "\n";
 153  
 154          if (gArgs.GetBoolArg("-version", false)) {
 155              strUsage += FormatParagraph(LicenseInfo());
 156          } else {
 157              strUsage += "\n"
 158                  "The bitcoin-cli utility provides a command line interface to interact with a " CLIENT_NAME " RPC server.\n"
 159                  "\nIt can be used to query network information, manage wallets, create or broadcast transactions, and control the " CLIENT_NAME " server.\n"
 160                  "\nUse the \"help\" command to list all commands. Use \"help <command>\" to show help for that command.\n"
 161                  "The -named option allows you to specify parameters using the key=value format, eliminating the need to pass unused positional parameters.\n"
 162                  "\n"
 163                  "Usage: bitcoin-cli [options] <command> [params]\n"
 164                  "or:    bitcoin-cli [options] -named <command> [name=value]...\n"
 165                  "or:    bitcoin-cli [options] help\n"
 166                  "or:    bitcoin-cli [options] help <command>\n"
 167                  "\n";
 168              strUsage += "\n" + gArgs.GetHelpMessage();
 169          }
 170  
 171          tfm::format(std::cout, "%s", strUsage);
 172          if (argc < 2) {
 173              tfm::format(std::cerr, "Error: too few parameters\n");
 174              return EXIT_FAILURE;
 175          }
 176          return EXIT_SUCCESS;
 177      }
 178      if (!CheckDataDirOption(gArgs)) {
 179          tfm::format(std::cerr, "Error: Specified data directory \"%s\" does not exist.\n", gArgs.GetArg("-datadir", ""));
 180          return EXIT_FAILURE;
 181      }
 182      if (!gArgs.ReadConfigFiles(error, true)) {
 183          tfm::format(std::cerr, "Error reading configuration file: %s\n", error);
 184          return EXIT_FAILURE;
 185      }
 186      // Check for chain settings (BaseParams() calls are only valid after this clause)
 187      try {
 188          SelectBaseParams(gArgs.GetChainType());
 189      } catch (const std::exception& e) {
 190          tfm::format(std::cerr, "Error: %s\n", e.what());
 191          return EXIT_FAILURE;
 192      }
 193      return CONTINUE_EXECUTION;
 194  }
 195  
 196  
 197  /** Reply structure for request_done to fill in */
 198  struct HTTPReply
 199  {
 200      HTTPReply() = default;
 201  
 202      int status{0};
 203      int error{-1};
 204      std::string body;
 205  };
 206  
 207  static std::string http_errorstring(int code)
 208  {
 209      switch(code) {
 210      case EVREQ_HTTP_TIMEOUT:
 211          return "timeout reached";
 212      case EVREQ_HTTP_EOF:
 213          return "EOF reached";
 214      case EVREQ_HTTP_INVALID_HEADER:
 215          return "error while reading header, or invalid header";
 216      case EVREQ_HTTP_BUFFER_ERROR:
 217          return "error encountered while reading or writing";
 218      case EVREQ_HTTP_REQUEST_CANCEL:
 219          return "request was canceled";
 220      case EVREQ_HTTP_DATA_TOO_LONG:
 221          return "response body is larger than allowed";
 222      default:
 223          return "unknown";
 224      }
 225  }
 226  
 227  static void http_request_done(struct evhttp_request *req, void *ctx)
 228  {
 229      HTTPReply *reply = static_cast<HTTPReply*>(ctx);
 230  
 231      if (req == nullptr) {
 232          /* If req is nullptr, it means an error occurred while connecting: the
 233           * error code will have been passed to http_error_cb.
 234           */
 235          reply->status = 0;
 236          return;
 237      }
 238  
 239      reply->status = evhttp_request_get_response_code(req);
 240  
 241      struct evbuffer *buf = evhttp_request_get_input_buffer(req);
 242      if (buf)
 243      {
 244          size_t size = evbuffer_get_length(buf);
 245          const char *data = (const char*)evbuffer_pullup(buf, size);
 246          if (data)
 247              reply->body = std::string(data, size);
 248          evbuffer_drain(buf, size);
 249      }
 250  }
 251  
 252  static void http_error_cb(enum evhttp_request_error err, void *ctx)
 253  {
 254      HTTPReply *reply = static_cast<HTTPReply*>(ctx);
 255      reply->error = err;
 256  }
 257  
 258  static int8_t NetworkStringToId(const std::string& str)
 259  {
 260      for (size_t i = 0; i < NETWORKS.size(); ++i) {
 261          if (str == NETWORKS[i]) return i;
 262      }
 263      return UNKNOWN_NETWORK;
 264  }
 265  
 266  /** Handle the conversion from a command-line to a JSON-RPC request,
 267   * as well as converting back to a JSON object that can be shown as result.
 268   */
 269  struct BaseRequestHandler {
 270      virtual ~BaseRequestHandler() = default;
 271      virtual UniValue PrepareRequest(const std::string& method, const std::vector<std::string>& args) = 0;
 272      virtual UniValue ProcessReply(const UniValue &batch_in) = 0;
 273  };
 274  
 275  /** Process addrinfo requests */
 276  struct AddrinfoRequestHandler : BaseRequestHandler {
 277      UniValue PrepareRequest(const std::string& method, const std::vector<std::string>& args) override
 278      {
 279          if (!args.empty()) {
 280              throw std::runtime_error("-addrinfo takes no arguments");
 281          }
 282          UniValue params{RPCConvertValues("getnodeaddresses", std::vector<std::string>{{"0"}})};
 283          return JSONRPCRequestObj("getnodeaddresses", params, 1);
 284      }
 285  
 286      UniValue ProcessReply(const UniValue& reply) override
 287      {
 288          if (!reply["error"].isNull()) return reply;
 289          const std::vector<UniValue>& nodes{reply["result"].getValues()};
 290          if (!nodes.empty() && nodes.at(0)["network"].isNull()) {
 291              throw std::runtime_error("-addrinfo requires bitcoind server to be running v22.0 and up");
 292          }
 293          // Count the number of peers known to our node, by network.
 294          std::array<uint64_t, NETWORKS.size()> counts{{}};
 295          for (const UniValue& node : nodes) {
 296              std::string network_name{node["network"].get_str()};
 297              const int8_t network_id{NetworkStringToId(network_name)};
 298              if (network_id == UNKNOWN_NETWORK) continue;
 299              ++counts.at(network_id);
 300          }
 301          // Prepare result to return to user.
 302          UniValue result{UniValue::VOBJ}, addresses{UniValue::VOBJ};
 303          uint64_t total{0}; // Total address count
 304          for (size_t i = 1; i < NETWORKS.size() - 1; ++i) {
 305              addresses.pushKV(NETWORKS[i], counts.at(i));
 306              total += counts.at(i);
 307          }
 308          addresses.pushKV("total", total);
 309          result.pushKV("addresses_known", std::move(addresses));
 310          return JSONRPCReplyObj(std::move(result), NullUniValue, /*id=*/1, JSONRPCVersion::V2);
 311      }
 312  };
 313  
 314  /** Process getinfo requests */
 315  struct GetinfoRequestHandler : BaseRequestHandler {
 316      const int ID_NETWORKINFO = 0;
 317      const int ID_BLOCKCHAININFO = 1;
 318      const int ID_WALLETINFO = 2;
 319      const int ID_BALANCES = 3;
 320  
 321      /** Create a simulated `getinfo` request. */
 322      UniValue PrepareRequest(const std::string& method, const std::vector<std::string>& args) override
 323      {
 324          if (!args.empty()) {
 325              throw std::runtime_error("-getinfo takes no arguments");
 326          }
 327          UniValue result(UniValue::VARR);
 328          result.push_back(JSONRPCRequestObj("getnetworkinfo", NullUniValue, ID_NETWORKINFO));
 329          result.push_back(JSONRPCRequestObj("getblockchaininfo", NullUniValue, ID_BLOCKCHAININFO));
 330          result.push_back(JSONRPCRequestObj("getwalletinfo", NullUniValue, ID_WALLETINFO));
 331          result.push_back(JSONRPCRequestObj("getbalances", NullUniValue, ID_BALANCES));
 332          return result;
 333      }
 334  
 335      /** Collect values from the batch and form a simulated `getinfo` reply. */
 336      UniValue ProcessReply(const UniValue &batch_in) override
 337      {
 338          UniValue result(UniValue::VOBJ);
 339          const std::vector<UniValue> batch = JSONRPCProcessBatchReply(batch_in);
 340          // Errors in getnetworkinfo() and getblockchaininfo() are fatal, pass them on;
 341          // getwalletinfo() and getbalances() are allowed to fail if there is no wallet.
 342          if (!batch[ID_NETWORKINFO]["error"].isNull()) {
 343              return batch[ID_NETWORKINFO];
 344          }
 345          if (!batch[ID_BLOCKCHAININFO]["error"].isNull()) {
 346              return batch[ID_BLOCKCHAININFO];
 347          }
 348          result.pushKV("version", batch[ID_NETWORKINFO]["result"]["version"]);
 349          result.pushKV("blocks", batch[ID_BLOCKCHAININFO]["result"]["blocks"]);
 350          result.pushKV("headers", batch[ID_BLOCKCHAININFO]["result"]["headers"]);
 351          result.pushKV("verificationprogress", batch[ID_BLOCKCHAININFO]["result"]["verificationprogress"]);
 352          result.pushKV("timeoffset", batch[ID_NETWORKINFO]["result"]["timeoffset"]);
 353  
 354          UniValue connections(UniValue::VOBJ);
 355          connections.pushKV("in", batch[ID_NETWORKINFO]["result"]["connections_in"]);
 356          connections.pushKV("out", batch[ID_NETWORKINFO]["result"]["connections_out"]);
 357          connections.pushKV("total", batch[ID_NETWORKINFO]["result"]["connections"]);
 358          result.pushKV("connections", std::move(connections));
 359  
 360          result.pushKV("networks", batch[ID_NETWORKINFO]["result"]["networks"]);
 361          result.pushKV("difficulty", batch[ID_BLOCKCHAININFO]["result"]["difficulty"]);
 362          result.pushKV("chain", UniValue(batch[ID_BLOCKCHAININFO]["result"]["chain"]));
 363          if (!batch[ID_WALLETINFO]["result"].isNull()) {
 364              result.pushKV("has_wallet", true);
 365              result.pushKV("keypoolsize", batch[ID_WALLETINFO]["result"]["keypoolsize"]);
 366              result.pushKV("walletname", batch[ID_WALLETINFO]["result"]["walletname"]);
 367              if (!batch[ID_WALLETINFO]["result"]["unlocked_until"].isNull()) {
 368                  result.pushKV("unlocked_until", batch[ID_WALLETINFO]["result"]["unlocked_until"]);
 369              }
 370              result.pushKV("paytxfee", batch[ID_WALLETINFO]["result"]["paytxfee"]);
 371          }
 372          if (!batch[ID_BALANCES]["result"].isNull()) {
 373              result.pushKV("balance", batch[ID_BALANCES]["result"]["mine"]["trusted"]);
 374          }
 375          result.pushKV("relayfee", batch[ID_NETWORKINFO]["result"]["relayfee"]);
 376          result.pushKV("warnings", batch[ID_NETWORKINFO]["result"]["warnings"]);
 377          return JSONRPCReplyObj(std::move(result), NullUniValue,  /*id=*/1, JSONRPCVersion::V2);
 378      }
 379  };
 380  
 381  /** Process netinfo requests */
 382  class NetinfoRequestHandler : public BaseRequestHandler
 383  {
 384  private:
 385      std::array<std::array<uint16_t, NETWORKS.size() + 1>, 3> m_counts{{{}}}; //!< Peer counts by (in/out/total, networks/total)
 386      uint8_t m_block_relay_peers_count{0};
 387      uint8_t m_manual_peers_count{0};
 388      uint8_t m_details_level{0}; //!< Optional user-supplied arg to set dashboard details level
 389      bool DetailsRequested() const { return m_details_level; }
 390      bool IsAddressSelected() const { return m_details_level == 2 || m_details_level == 4; }
 391      bool IsVersionSelected() const { return m_details_level == 3 || m_details_level == 4; }
 392      bool m_outbound_only_selected{false};
 393      bool m_is_asmap_on{false};
 394      size_t m_max_addr_length{0};
 395      size_t m_max_addr_processed_length{5};
 396      size_t m_max_addr_rate_limited_length{6};
 397      size_t m_max_age_length{5};
 398      size_t m_max_id_length{2};
 399      size_t m_max_services_length{6};
 400      struct Peer {
 401          std::string addr;
 402          std::string sub_version;
 403          std::string conn_type;
 404          std::string network;
 405          std::string age;
 406          std::string services;
 407          std::string transport_protocol_type;
 408          double min_ping;
 409          double ping;
 410          int64_t addr_processed;
 411          int64_t addr_rate_limited;
 412          int64_t last_blck;
 413          int64_t last_recv;
 414          int64_t last_send;
 415          int64_t last_trxn;
 416          int id;
 417          int mapped_as;
 418          int version;
 419          bool is_addr_relay_enabled;
 420          bool is_bip152_hb_from;
 421          bool is_bip152_hb_to;
 422          bool is_outbound;
 423          bool is_tx_relay;
 424          bool operator<(const Peer& rhs) const { return std::tie(is_outbound, min_ping) < std::tie(rhs.is_outbound, rhs.min_ping); }
 425      };
 426      std::vector<Peer> m_peers;
 427      std::string ChainToString() const
 428      {
 429          switch (gArgs.GetChainType()) {
 430          case ChainType::TESTNET4:
 431              return " testnet4";
 432          case ChainType::TESTNET:
 433              return " testnet";
 434          case ChainType::SIGNET:
 435              return " signet";
 436          case ChainType::REGTEST:
 437              return " regtest";
 438          case ChainType::MAIN:
 439              return "";
 440          }
 441          assert(false);
 442      }
 443      std::string PingTimeToString(double seconds) const
 444      {
 445          if (seconds < 0) return "";
 446          const double milliseconds{round(1000 * seconds)};
 447          return milliseconds > 999999 ? "-" : ToString(milliseconds);
 448      }
 449      std::string ConnectionTypeForNetinfo(const std::string& conn_type) const
 450      {
 451          if (conn_type == "outbound-full-relay") return "full";
 452          if (conn_type == "block-relay-only") return "block";
 453          if (conn_type == "manual" || conn_type == "feeler") return conn_type;
 454          if (conn_type == "addr-fetch") return "addr";
 455          return "";
 456      }
 457      std::string FormatServices(const UniValue& services)
 458      {
 459          std::string str;
 460          for (size_t i = 0; i < services.size(); ++i) {
 461              const std::string s{services[i].get_str()};
 462              str += s == "NETWORK_LIMITED" ? 'l' : s == "P2P_V2" ? '2' : ToLower(s[0]);
 463          }
 464          return str;
 465      }
 466      static std::string ServicesList(const UniValue& services)
 467      {
 468          std::string str{services.size() ? services[0].get_str() : ""};
 469          for (size_t i{1}; i < services.size(); ++i) {
 470              str += ", " + services[i].get_str();
 471          }
 472          for (auto& c: str) {
 473              c = (c == '_' ? ' ' : ToLower(c));
 474          }
 475          return str;
 476      }
 477  
 478  public:
 479      static constexpr int ID_PEERINFO = 0;
 480      static constexpr int ID_NETWORKINFO = 1;
 481  
 482      UniValue PrepareRequest(const std::string& method, const std::vector<std::string>& args) override
 483      {
 484          if (!args.empty()) {
 485              uint8_t n{0};
 486              if (const auto res{ToIntegral<uint8_t>(args.at(0))}) {
 487                  n = *res;
 488                  m_details_level = std::min(n, NETINFO_MAX_LEVEL);
 489              } else {
 490                  throw std::runtime_error(strprintf("invalid -netinfo level argument: %s\nFor more information, run: bitcoin-cli -netinfo help", args.at(0)));
 491              }
 492              if (args.size() > 1) {
 493                  if (std::string_view s{args.at(1)}; n && (s == "o" || s == "outonly")) {
 494                      m_outbound_only_selected = true;
 495                  } else if (n) {
 496                      throw std::runtime_error(strprintf("invalid -netinfo outonly argument: %s\nFor more information, run: bitcoin-cli -netinfo help", s));
 497                  } else {
 498                      throw std::runtime_error(strprintf("invalid -netinfo outonly argument: %s\nThe outonly argument is only valid for a level greater than 0 (the first argument). For more information, run: bitcoin-cli -netinfo help", s));
 499                  }
 500              }
 501          }
 502          UniValue result(UniValue::VARR);
 503          result.push_back(JSONRPCRequestObj("getpeerinfo", NullUniValue, ID_PEERINFO));
 504          result.push_back(JSONRPCRequestObj("getnetworkinfo", NullUniValue, ID_NETWORKINFO));
 505          return result;
 506      }
 507  
 508      UniValue ProcessReply(const UniValue& batch_in) override
 509      {
 510          const std::vector<UniValue> batch{JSONRPCProcessBatchReply(batch_in)};
 511          if (!batch[ID_PEERINFO]["error"].isNull()) return batch[ID_PEERINFO];
 512          if (!batch[ID_NETWORKINFO]["error"].isNull()) return batch[ID_NETWORKINFO];
 513  
 514          const UniValue& networkinfo{batch[ID_NETWORKINFO]["result"]};
 515          if (networkinfo["version"].getInt<int>() < 209900) {
 516              throw std::runtime_error("-netinfo requires bitcoind server to be running v0.21.0 and up");
 517          }
 518          const int64_t time_now{TicksSinceEpoch<std::chrono::seconds>(CliClock::now())};
 519  
 520          // Count peer connection totals, and if DetailsRequested(), store peer data in a vector of structs.
 521          for (const UniValue& peer : batch[ID_PEERINFO]["result"].getValues()) {
 522              const std::string network{peer["network"].get_str()};
 523              const int8_t network_id{NetworkStringToId(network)};
 524              if (network_id == UNKNOWN_NETWORK) continue;
 525              const bool is_outbound{!peer["inbound"].get_bool()};
 526              const bool is_tx_relay{peer["relaytxes"].isNull() ? true : peer["relaytxes"].get_bool()};
 527              const std::string conn_type{peer["connection_type"].get_str()};
 528              ++m_counts.at(is_outbound).at(network_id);      // in/out by network
 529              ++m_counts.at(is_outbound).at(NETWORKS.size()); // in/out overall
 530              ++m_counts.at(2).at(network_id);                // total by network
 531              ++m_counts.at(2).at(NETWORKS.size());           // total overall
 532              if (conn_type == "block-relay-only") ++m_block_relay_peers_count;
 533              if (conn_type == "manual") ++m_manual_peers_count;
 534              if (m_outbound_only_selected && !is_outbound) continue;
 535              if (DetailsRequested()) {
 536                  // Push data for this peer to the peers vector.
 537                  const int peer_id{peer["id"].getInt<int>()};
 538                  const int mapped_as{peer["mapped_as"].isNull() ? 0 : peer["mapped_as"].getInt<int>()};
 539                  const int version{peer["version"].getInt<int>()};
 540                  const int64_t addr_processed{peer["addr_processed"].isNull() ? 0 : peer["addr_processed"].getInt<int64_t>()};
 541                  const int64_t addr_rate_limited{peer["addr_rate_limited"].isNull() ? 0 : peer["addr_rate_limited"].getInt<int64_t>()};
 542                  const int64_t conn_time{peer["conntime"].getInt<int64_t>()};
 543                  const int64_t last_blck{peer["last_block"].getInt<int64_t>()};
 544                  const int64_t last_recv{peer["lastrecv"].getInt<int64_t>()};
 545                  const int64_t last_send{peer["lastsend"].getInt<int64_t>()};
 546                  const int64_t last_trxn{peer["last_transaction"].getInt<int64_t>()};
 547                  const double min_ping{peer["minping"].isNull() ? -1 : peer["minping"].get_real()};
 548                  const double ping{peer["pingtime"].isNull() ? -1 : peer["pingtime"].get_real()};
 549                  const std::string addr{peer["addr"].get_str()};
 550                  const std::string age{conn_time == 0 ? "" : ToString((time_now - conn_time) / 60)};
 551                  const std::string services{FormatServices(peer["servicesnames"])};
 552                  const std::string sub_version{peer["subver"].get_str()};
 553                  const std::string transport{peer["transport_protocol_type"].isNull() ? "v1" : peer["transport_protocol_type"].get_str()};
 554                  const bool is_addr_relay_enabled{peer["addr_relay_enabled"].isNull() ? false : peer["addr_relay_enabled"].get_bool()};
 555                  const bool is_bip152_hb_from{peer["bip152_hb_from"].get_bool()};
 556                  const bool is_bip152_hb_to{peer["bip152_hb_to"].get_bool()};
 557                  m_peers.push_back({addr, sub_version, conn_type, NETWORK_SHORT_NAMES[network_id], age, services, transport, min_ping, ping, addr_processed, addr_rate_limited, last_blck, last_recv, last_send, last_trxn, peer_id, mapped_as, version, is_addr_relay_enabled, is_bip152_hb_from, is_bip152_hb_to, is_outbound, is_tx_relay});
 558                  m_max_addr_length = std::max(addr.length() + 1, m_max_addr_length);
 559                  m_max_addr_processed_length = std::max(ToString(addr_processed).length(), m_max_addr_processed_length);
 560                  m_max_addr_rate_limited_length = std::max(ToString(addr_rate_limited).length(), m_max_addr_rate_limited_length);
 561                  m_max_age_length = std::max(age.length(), m_max_age_length);
 562                  m_max_id_length = std::max(ToString(peer_id).length(), m_max_id_length);
 563                  m_max_services_length = std::max(services.length(), m_max_services_length);
 564                  m_is_asmap_on |= (mapped_as != 0);
 565              }
 566          }
 567  
 568          // Generate report header.
 569          const std::string services{DetailsRequested() ? strprintf(" - services %s", FormatServices(networkinfo["localservicesnames"])) : ""};
 570          std::string result{strprintf("%s client %s%s - server %i%s%s\n\n", CLIENT_NAME, FormatFullVersion(), ChainToString(), networkinfo["protocolversion"].getInt<int>(), networkinfo["subversion"].get_str(), services)};
 571  
 572          // Report detailed peer connections list sorted by direction and minimum ping time.
 573          if (DetailsRequested() && !m_peers.empty()) {
 574              std::sort(m_peers.begin(), m_peers.end());
 575              result += strprintf("<->   type   net %*s  v  mping   ping send recv  txn  blk  hb %*s%*s%*s ",
 576                                  m_max_services_length, "serv",
 577                                  m_max_addr_processed_length, "addrp",
 578                                  m_max_addr_rate_limited_length, "addrl",
 579                                  m_max_age_length, "age");
 580              if (m_is_asmap_on) result += " asmap ";
 581              result += strprintf("%*s %-*s%s\n", m_max_id_length, "id", IsAddressSelected() ? m_max_addr_length : 0, IsAddressSelected() ? "address" : "", IsVersionSelected() ? "version" : "");
 582              for (const Peer& peer : m_peers) {
 583                  std::string version{ToString(peer.version) + peer.sub_version};
 584                  result += strprintf(
 585                      "%3s %6s %5s %*s %2s%7s%7s%5s%5s%5s%5s  %2s %*s%*s%*s%*i %*s %-*s%s\n",
 586                      peer.is_outbound ? "out" : "in",
 587                      ConnectionTypeForNetinfo(peer.conn_type),
 588                      peer.network,
 589                      m_max_services_length, // variable spacing
 590                      peer.services,
 591                      (peer.transport_protocol_type.size() == 2 && peer.transport_protocol_type[0] == 'v') ? peer.transport_protocol_type[1] : ' ',
 592                      PingTimeToString(peer.min_ping),
 593                      PingTimeToString(peer.ping),
 594                      peer.last_send ? ToString(time_now - peer.last_send) : "",
 595                      peer.last_recv ? ToString(time_now - peer.last_recv) : "",
 596                      peer.last_trxn ? ToString((time_now - peer.last_trxn) / 60) : peer.is_tx_relay ? "" : "*",
 597                      peer.last_blck ? ToString((time_now - peer.last_blck) / 60) : "",
 598                      strprintf("%s%s", peer.is_bip152_hb_to ? "." : " ", peer.is_bip152_hb_from ? "*" : " "),
 599                      m_max_addr_processed_length, // variable spacing
 600                      peer.addr_processed ? ToString(peer.addr_processed) : peer.is_addr_relay_enabled ? "" : ".",
 601                      m_max_addr_rate_limited_length, // variable spacing
 602                      peer.addr_rate_limited ? ToString(peer.addr_rate_limited) : "",
 603                      m_max_age_length, // variable spacing
 604                      peer.age,
 605                      m_is_asmap_on ? 7 : 0, // variable spacing
 606                      m_is_asmap_on && peer.mapped_as ? ToString(peer.mapped_as) : "",
 607                      m_max_id_length, // variable spacing
 608                      peer.id,
 609                      IsAddressSelected() ? m_max_addr_length : 0, // variable spacing
 610                      IsAddressSelected() ? peer.addr : "",
 611                      IsVersionSelected() && version != "0" ? version : "");
 612              }
 613              result += strprintf("                %*s         ms     ms  sec  sec  min  min                %*s\n\n", m_max_services_length, "", m_max_age_length, "min");
 614          }
 615  
 616          // Report peer connection totals by type.
 617          result += "     ";
 618          std::vector<int8_t> reachable_networks;
 619          for (const UniValue& network : networkinfo["networks"].getValues()) {
 620              if (network["reachable"].get_bool()) {
 621                  const std::string& network_name{network["name"].get_str()};
 622                  const int8_t network_id{NetworkStringToId(network_name)};
 623                  if (network_id == UNKNOWN_NETWORK) continue;
 624                  result += strprintf("%8s", network_name); // column header
 625                  reachable_networks.push_back(network_id);
 626              }
 627          };
 628  
 629          for (const size_t network_id : UNREACHABLE_NETWORK_IDS) {
 630              if (m_counts.at(2).at(network_id) == 0) continue;
 631              result += strprintf("%8s", NETWORK_SHORT_NAMES.at(network_id)); // column header
 632              reachable_networks.push_back(network_id);
 633          }
 634  
 635          result += "   total   block";
 636          if (m_manual_peers_count) result += "  manual";
 637  
 638          const std::array rows{"in", "out", "total"};
 639          for (size_t i = 0; i < rows.size(); ++i) {
 640              result += strprintf("\n%-5s", rows[i]); // row header
 641              for (int8_t n : reachable_networks) {
 642                  result += strprintf("%8i", m_counts.at(i).at(n)); // network peers count
 643              }
 644              result += strprintf("   %5i", m_counts.at(i).at(NETWORKS.size())); // total peers count
 645              if (i == 1) { // the outbound row has two extra columns for block relay and manual peer counts
 646                  result += strprintf("   %5i", m_block_relay_peers_count);
 647                  if (m_manual_peers_count) result += strprintf("   %5i", m_manual_peers_count);
 648              }
 649          }
 650  
 651          // Report local services, addresses, ports, and scores.
 652          if (!DetailsRequested()) {
 653              result += strprintf("\n\nLocal services: %s", ServicesList(networkinfo["localservicesnames"]));
 654          }
 655          result += "\n\nLocal addresses";
 656          const std::vector<UniValue>& local_addrs{networkinfo["localaddresses"].getValues()};
 657          if (local_addrs.empty()) {
 658              result += ": n/a\n";
 659          } else {
 660              size_t max_addr_size{0};
 661              for (const UniValue& addr : local_addrs) {
 662                  max_addr_size = std::max(addr["address"].get_str().length() + 1, max_addr_size);
 663              }
 664              for (const UniValue& addr : local_addrs) {
 665                  result += strprintf("\n%-*s    port %6i    score %6i", max_addr_size, addr["address"].get_str(), addr["port"].getInt<int>(), addr["score"].getInt<int>());
 666              }
 667          }
 668  
 669          return JSONRPCReplyObj(UniValue{result}, NullUniValue, /*id=*/1, JSONRPCVersion::V2);
 670      }
 671  
 672      const std::string m_help_doc{
 673          "-netinfo (level [outonly]) | help\n\n"
 674          "Returns a network peer connections dashboard with information from the remote server.\n"
 675          "This human-readable interface will change regularly and is not intended to be a stable API.\n"
 676          "Under the hood, -netinfo fetches the data by calling getpeerinfo and getnetworkinfo.\n"
 677          + strprintf("An optional argument from 0 to %d can be passed for different peers listings; values above %d up to 255 are parsed as %d.\n", NETINFO_MAX_LEVEL, NETINFO_MAX_LEVEL, NETINFO_MAX_LEVEL) +
 678          "If that argument is passed, an optional additional \"outonly\" argument may be passed to obtain the listing with outbound peers only.\n"
 679          "Pass \"help\" or \"h\" to see this detailed help documentation.\n"
 680          "If more than two arguments are passed, only the first two are read and parsed.\n"
 681          "Suggestion: use -netinfo with the Linux watch(1) command for a live dashboard; see example below.\n\n"
 682          "Arguments:\n"
 683          + strprintf("1. level (integer 0-%d, optional)  Specify the info level of the peers dashboard (default 0):\n", NETINFO_MAX_LEVEL) +
 684          "                                  0 - Peer counts for each reachable network as well as for block relay peers\n"
 685          "                                      and manual peers, and the list of local addresses and ports\n"
 686          "                                  1 - Like 0 but preceded by a peers listing (without address and version columns)\n"
 687          "                                  2 - Like 1 but with an address column\n"
 688          "                                  3 - Like 1 but with a version column\n"
 689          "                                  4 - Like 1 but with both address and version columns\n"
 690          "2. outonly (\"outonly\" or \"o\", optional) Return the peers listing with outbound peers only, i.e. to save screen space\n"
 691          "                                        when a node has many inbound peers. Only valid if a level is passed.\n\n"
 692          "help (\"help\" or \"h\", optional) Print this help documentation instead of the dashboard.\n\n"
 693          "Result:\n\n"
 694          + strprintf("* The peers listing in levels 1-%d displays all of the peers sorted by direction and minimum ping time:\n\n", NETINFO_MAX_LEVEL) +
 695          "  Column   Description\n"
 696          "  ------   -----------\n"
 697          "  <->      Direction\n"
 698          "           \"in\"  - inbound connections are those initiated by the peer\n"
 699          "           \"out\" - outbound connections are those initiated by us\n"
 700          "  type     Type of peer connection\n"
 701          "           \"full\"   - full relay, the default\n"
 702          "           \"block\"  - block relay; like full relay but does not relay transactions or addresses\n"
 703          "           \"manual\" - peer we manually added using RPC addnode or the -addnode/-connect config options\n"
 704          "           \"feeler\" - short-lived connection for testing addresses\n"
 705          "           \"addr\"   - address fetch; short-lived connection for requesting addresses\n"
 706          "  net      Network the peer connected through (\"ipv4\", \"ipv6\", \"onion\", \"i2p\", \"cjdns\", or \"npr\" (not publicly routable))\n"
 707          "  serv     Services offered by the peer\n"
 708          "           \"n\" - NETWORK: peer can serve the full block chain\n"
 709          "           \"b\" - BLOOM: peer can handle bloom-filtered connections (see BIP 111)\n"
 710          "           \"w\" - WITNESS: peer can be asked for blocks and transactions with witness data (SegWit)\n"
 711          "           \"c\" - COMPACT_FILTERS: peer can handle basic block filter requests (see BIPs 157 and 158)\n"
 712          "           \"l\" - NETWORK_LIMITED: peer limited to serving only the last 288 blocks (~2 days)\n"
 713          "           \"2\" - P2P_V2: peer supports version 2 P2P transport protocol, as defined in BIP 324\n"
 714          "           \"u\" - UNKNOWN: unrecognized bit flag\n"
 715          "  v        Version of transport protocol used for the connection\n"
 716          "  mping    Minimum observed ping time, in milliseconds (ms)\n"
 717          "  ping     Last observed ping time, in milliseconds (ms)\n"
 718          "  send     Time since last message sent to the peer, in seconds\n"
 719          "  recv     Time since last message received from the peer, in seconds\n"
 720          "  txn      Time since last novel transaction received from the peer and accepted into our mempool, in minutes\n"
 721          "           \"*\" - we do not relay transactions to this peer (getpeerinfo \"relaytxes\" is false)\n"
 722          "  blk      Time since last novel block passing initial validity checks received from the peer, in minutes\n"
 723          "  hb       High-bandwidth BIP152 compact block relay\n"
 724          "           \".\" (to)   - we selected the peer as a high-bandwidth peer\n"
 725          "           \"*\" (from) - the peer selected us as a high-bandwidth peer\n"
 726          "  addrp    Total number of addresses processed, excluding those dropped due to rate limiting\n"
 727          "           \".\" - we do not relay addresses to this peer (getpeerinfo \"addr_relay_enabled\" is false)\n"
 728          "  addrl    Total number of addresses dropped due to rate limiting\n"
 729          "  age      Duration of connection to the peer, in minutes\n"
 730          "  asmap    Mapped AS (Autonomous System) number at the end of the BGP route to the peer, used for diversifying\n"
 731          "           peer selection (only displayed if the -asmap config option is set)\n"
 732          "  id       Peer index, in increasing order of peer connections since node startup\n"
 733          "  address  IP address and port of the peer\n"
 734          "  version  Peer version and subversion concatenated, e.g. \"70016/Satoshi:21.0.0/\"\n\n"
 735          "* The peer counts table displays the number of peers for each reachable network as well as\n"
 736          "  the number of block relay peers and manual peers.\n\n"
 737          "* The local addresses table lists each local address broadcast by the node, the port, and the score.\n\n"
 738          "Examples:\n\n"
 739          "Peer counts table of reachable networks and list of local addresses\n"
 740          "> bitcoin-cli -netinfo\n\n"
 741          "The same, preceded by a peers listing without address and version columns\n"
 742          "> bitcoin-cli -netinfo 1\n\n"
 743          "Full dashboard\n"
 744          + strprintf("> bitcoin-cli -netinfo %d\n\n", NETINFO_MAX_LEVEL) +
 745          "Full dashboard, but with outbound peers only\n"
 746          + strprintf("> bitcoin-cli -netinfo %d outonly\n\n", NETINFO_MAX_LEVEL) +
 747          "Full live dashboard, adjust --interval or --no-title as needed (Linux)\n"
 748          + strprintf("> watch --interval 1 --no-title bitcoin-cli -netinfo %d\n\n", NETINFO_MAX_LEVEL) +
 749          "See this help\n"
 750          "> bitcoin-cli -netinfo help\n"};
 751  };
 752  
 753  /** Process RPC generatetoaddress request. */
 754  class GenerateToAddressRequestHandler : public BaseRequestHandler
 755  {
 756  public:
 757      UniValue PrepareRequest(const std::string& method, const std::vector<std::string>& args) override
 758      {
 759          address_str = args.at(1);
 760          UniValue params{RPCConvertValues("generatetoaddress", args)};
 761          return JSONRPCRequestObj("generatetoaddress", params, 1);
 762      }
 763  
 764      UniValue ProcessReply(const UniValue &reply) override
 765      {
 766          UniValue result(UniValue::VOBJ);
 767          result.pushKV("address", address_str);
 768          result.pushKV("blocks", reply.get_obj()["result"]);
 769          return JSONRPCReplyObj(std::move(result), NullUniValue, /*id=*/1, JSONRPCVersion::V2);
 770      }
 771  protected:
 772      std::string address_str;
 773  };
 774  
 775  /** Process default single requests */
 776  struct DefaultRequestHandler : BaseRequestHandler {
 777      UniValue PrepareRequest(const std::string& method, const std::vector<std::string>& args) override
 778      {
 779          UniValue params;
 780          if(gArgs.GetBoolArg("-named", DEFAULT_NAMED)) {
 781              params = RPCConvertNamedValues(method, args);
 782          } else {
 783              params = RPCConvertValues(method, args);
 784          }
 785          return JSONRPCRequestObj(method, params, 1);
 786      }
 787  
 788      UniValue ProcessReply(const UniValue &reply) override
 789      {
 790          return reply.get_obj();
 791      }
 792  };
 793  
 794  static UniValue CallRPC(BaseRequestHandler* rh, const std::string& strMethod, const std::vector<std::string>& args, const std::optional<std::string>& rpcwallet = {})
 795  {
 796      std::string host;
 797      // In preference order, we choose the following for the port:
 798      //     1. -rpcport
 799      //     2. port in -rpcconnect (ie following : in ipv4 or ]: in ipv6)
 800      //     3. default port for chain
 801      uint16_t port{BaseParams().RPCPort()};
 802      {
 803          uint16_t rpcconnect_port{0};
 804          const std::string rpcconnect_str = gArgs.GetArg("-rpcconnect", DEFAULT_RPCCONNECT);
 805          if (!SplitHostPort(rpcconnect_str, rpcconnect_port, host)) {
 806              // Uses argument provided as-is
 807              // (rather than value parsed)
 808              // to aid the user in troubleshooting
 809              throw std::runtime_error(strprintf("Invalid port provided in -rpcconnect: %s", rpcconnect_str));
 810          } else {
 811              if (rpcconnect_port != 0) {
 812                  // Use the valid port provided in rpcconnect
 813                  port = rpcconnect_port;
 814              } // else, no port was provided in rpcconnect (continue using default one)
 815          }
 816  
 817          if (std::optional<std::string> rpcport_arg = gArgs.GetArg("-rpcport")) {
 818              // -rpcport was specified
 819              const uint16_t rpcport_int{ToIntegral<uint16_t>(rpcport_arg.value()).value_or(0)};
 820              if (rpcport_int == 0) {
 821                  // Uses argument provided as-is
 822                  // (rather than value parsed)
 823                  // to aid the user in troubleshooting
 824                  throw std::runtime_error(strprintf("Invalid port provided in -rpcport: %s", rpcport_arg.value()));
 825              }
 826  
 827              // Use the valid port provided
 828              port = rpcport_int;
 829  
 830              // If there was a valid port provided in rpcconnect,
 831              // rpcconnect_port is non-zero.
 832              if (rpcconnect_port != 0) {
 833                  tfm::format(std::cerr, "Warning: Port specified in both -rpcconnect and -rpcport. Using -rpcport %u\n", port);
 834              }
 835          }
 836      }
 837  
 838      // Obtain event base
 839      raii_event_base base = obtain_event_base();
 840  
 841      // Synchronously look up hostname
 842      raii_evhttp_connection evcon = obtain_evhttp_connection_base(base.get(), host, port);
 843  
 844      // Set connection timeout
 845      {
 846          const int timeout = gArgs.GetIntArg("-rpcclienttimeout", DEFAULT_HTTP_CLIENT_TIMEOUT);
 847          if (timeout > 0) {
 848              evhttp_connection_set_timeout(evcon.get(), timeout);
 849          } else {
 850              // Indefinite request timeouts are not possible in libevent-http, so we
 851              // set the timeout to a very long time period instead.
 852  
 853              constexpr int YEAR_IN_SECONDS = 31556952; // Average length of year in Gregorian calendar
 854              evhttp_connection_set_timeout(evcon.get(), 5 * YEAR_IN_SECONDS);
 855          }
 856      }
 857  
 858      HTTPReply response;
 859      raii_evhttp_request req = obtain_evhttp_request(http_request_done, (void*)&response);
 860      if (req == nullptr) {
 861          throw std::runtime_error("create http request failed");
 862      }
 863  
 864      evhttp_request_set_error_cb(req.get(), http_error_cb);
 865  
 866      // Get credentials
 867      std::string strRPCUserColonPass;
 868      bool failedToGetAuthCookie = false;
 869      if (gArgs.GetArg("-rpcpassword", "") == "") {
 870          // Try fall back to cookie-based authentication if no password is provided
 871          if (!GetAuthCookie(&strRPCUserColonPass)) {
 872              failedToGetAuthCookie = true;
 873          }
 874      } else {
 875          strRPCUserColonPass = gArgs.GetArg("-rpcuser", "") + ":" + gArgs.GetArg("-rpcpassword", "");
 876      }
 877  
 878      struct evkeyvalq* output_headers = evhttp_request_get_output_headers(req.get());
 879      assert(output_headers);
 880      evhttp_add_header(output_headers, "Host", host.c_str());
 881      evhttp_add_header(output_headers, "Connection", "close");
 882      evhttp_add_header(output_headers, "Content-Type", "application/json");
 883      evhttp_add_header(output_headers, "Authorization", (std::string("Basic ") + EncodeBase64(strRPCUserColonPass)).c_str());
 884  
 885      // Attach request data
 886      std::string strRequest = rh->PrepareRequest(strMethod, args).write() + "\n";
 887      struct evbuffer* output_buffer = evhttp_request_get_output_buffer(req.get());
 888      assert(output_buffer);
 889      evbuffer_add(output_buffer, strRequest.data(), strRequest.size());
 890  
 891      // check if we should use a special wallet endpoint
 892      std::string endpoint = "/";
 893      if (rpcwallet) {
 894          char* encodedURI = evhttp_uriencode(rpcwallet->data(), rpcwallet->size(), false);
 895          if (encodedURI) {
 896              endpoint = "/wallet/" + std::string(encodedURI);
 897              free(encodedURI);
 898          } else {
 899              throw CConnectionFailed("uri-encode failed");
 900          }
 901      }
 902      int r = evhttp_make_request(evcon.get(), req.get(), EVHTTP_REQ_POST, endpoint.c_str());
 903      req.release(); // ownership moved to evcon in above call
 904      if (r != 0) {
 905          throw CConnectionFailed("send http request failed");
 906      }
 907  
 908      event_base_dispatch(base.get());
 909  
 910      if (response.status == 0) {
 911          std::string responseErrorMessage;
 912          if (response.error != -1) {
 913              responseErrorMessage = strprintf(" (error code %d - \"%s\")", response.error, http_errorstring(response.error));
 914          }
 915          throw CConnectionFailed(strprintf("Could not connect to the server %s:%d%s\n\n"
 916                      "Make sure the bitcoind server is running and that you are connecting to the correct RPC port.\n"
 917                      "Use \"bitcoin-cli -help\" for more info.",
 918                      host, port, responseErrorMessage));
 919      } else if (response.status == HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED) {
 920          if (failedToGetAuthCookie) {
 921              throw std::runtime_error(strprintf(
 922                  "Could not locate RPC credentials. No authentication cookie could be found, and RPC password is not set.  See -rpcpassword and -stdinrpcpass.  Configuration file: (%s)",
 923                  fs::PathToString(gArgs.GetConfigFilePath())));
 924          } else {
 925              throw std::runtime_error("Authorization failed: Incorrect rpcuser or rpcpassword");
 926          }
 927      } else if (response.status == HTTP_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE) {
 928          throw std::runtime_error(strprintf("Server response: %s", response.body));
 929      } else if (response.status >= 400 && response.status != HTTP_BAD_REQUEST && response.status != HTTP_NOT_FOUND && response.status != HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)
 930          throw std::runtime_error(strprintf("server returned HTTP error %d", response.status));
 931      else if (response.body.empty())
 932          throw std::runtime_error("no response from server");
 933  
 934      // Parse reply
 935      UniValue valReply(UniValue::VSTR);
 936      if (!valReply.read(response.body))
 937          throw std::runtime_error("couldn't parse reply from server");
 938      UniValue reply = rh->ProcessReply(valReply);
 939      if (reply.empty())
 940          throw std::runtime_error("expected reply to have result, error and id properties");
 941  
 942      return reply;
 943  }
 944  
 945  /**
 946   * ConnectAndCallRPC wraps CallRPC with -rpcwait and an exception handler.
 947   *
 948   * @param[in] rh         Pointer to RequestHandler.
 949   * @param[in] strMethod  Reference to const string method to forward to CallRPC.
 950   * @param[in] rpcwallet  Reference to const optional string wallet name to forward to CallRPC.
 951   * @returns the RPC response as a UniValue object.
 952   * @throws a CConnectionFailed std::runtime_error if connection failed or RPC server still in warmup.
 953   */
 954  static UniValue ConnectAndCallRPC(BaseRequestHandler* rh, const std::string& strMethod, const std::vector<std::string>& args, const std::optional<std::string>& rpcwallet = {})
 955  {
 956      UniValue response(UniValue::VOBJ);
 957      // Execute and handle connection failures with -rpcwait.
 958      const bool fWait = gArgs.GetBoolArg("-rpcwait", false);
 959      const int timeout = gArgs.GetIntArg("-rpcwaittimeout", DEFAULT_WAIT_CLIENT_TIMEOUT);
 960      const auto deadline{std::chrono::steady_clock::now() + 1s * timeout};
 961  
 962      do {
 963          try {
 964              response = CallRPC(rh, strMethod, args, rpcwallet);
 965              if (fWait) {
 966                  const UniValue& error = response.find_value("error");
 967                  if (!error.isNull() && error["code"].getInt<int>() == RPC_IN_WARMUP) {
 968                      throw CConnectionFailed("server in warmup");
 969                  }
 970              }
 971              break; // Connection succeeded, no need to retry.
 972          } catch (const CConnectionFailed& e) {
 973              if (fWait && (timeout <= 0 || std::chrono::steady_clock::now() < deadline)) {
 974                  UninterruptibleSleep(1s);
 975              } else {
 976                  throw CConnectionFailed(strprintf("timeout on transient error: %s", e.what()));
 977              }
 978          }
 979      } while (fWait);
 980      return response;
 981  }
 982  
 983  /** Parse UniValue result to update the message to print to std::cout. */
 984  static void ParseResult(const UniValue& result, std::string& strPrint)
 985  {
 986      if (result.isNull()) return;
 987      strPrint = result.isStr() ? result.get_str() : result.write(2);
 988  }
 989  
 990  /** Parse UniValue error to update the message to print to std::cerr and the code to return. */
 991  static void ParseError(const UniValue& error, std::string& strPrint, int& nRet)
 992  {
 993      if (error.isObject()) {
 994          const UniValue& err_code = error.find_value("code");
 995          const UniValue& err_msg = error.find_value("message");
 996          if (!err_code.isNull()) {
 997              strPrint = "error code: " + err_code.getValStr() + "\n";
 998          }
 999          if (err_msg.isStr()) {
1000              strPrint += ("error message:\n" + err_msg.get_str());
1001          }
1002          if (err_code.isNum() && err_code.getInt<int>() == RPC_WALLET_NOT_SPECIFIED) {
1003              strPrint += " Or for the CLI, specify the \"-rpcwallet=<walletname>\" option before the command";
1004              strPrint += " (run \"bitcoin-cli -h\" for help or \"bitcoin-cli listwallets\" to see which wallets are currently loaded).";
1005          }
1006      } else {
1007          strPrint = "error: " + error.write();
1008      }
1009      nRet = abs(error["code"].getInt<int>());
1010  }
1011  
1012  /**
1013   * GetWalletBalances calls listwallets; if more than one wallet is loaded, it then
1014   * fetches mine.trusted balances for each loaded wallet and pushes them to `result`.
1015   *
1016   * @param result  Reference to UniValue object the wallet names and balances are pushed to.
1017   */
1018  static void GetWalletBalances(UniValue& result)
1019  {
1020      DefaultRequestHandler rh;
1021      const UniValue listwallets = ConnectAndCallRPC(&rh, "listwallets", /* args=*/{});
1022      if (!listwallets.find_value("error").isNull()) return;
1023      const UniValue& wallets = listwallets.find_value("result");
1024      if (wallets.size() <= 1) return;
1025  
1026      UniValue balances(UniValue::VOBJ);
1027      for (const UniValue& wallet : wallets.getValues()) {
1028          const std::string& wallet_name = wallet.get_str();
1029          const UniValue getbalances = ConnectAndCallRPC(&rh, "getbalances", /* args=*/{}, wallet_name);
1030          const UniValue& balance = getbalances.find_value("result")["mine"]["trusted"];
1031          balances.pushKV(wallet_name, balance);
1032      }
1033      result.pushKV("balances", std::move(balances));
1034  }
1035  
1036  /**
1037   * GetProgressBar constructs a progress bar with 5% intervals.
1038   *
1039   * @param[in]   progress      The proportion of the progress bar to be filled between 0 and 1.
1040   * @param[out]  progress_bar  String representation of the progress bar.
1041   */
1042  static void GetProgressBar(double progress, std::string& progress_bar)
1043  {
1044      if (progress < 0 || progress > 1) return;
1045  
1046      static constexpr double INCREMENT{0.05};
1047      static const std::string COMPLETE_BAR{"\u2592"};
1048      static const std::string INCOMPLETE_BAR{"\u2591"};
1049  
1050      for (int i = 0; i < progress / INCREMENT; ++i) {
1051          progress_bar += COMPLETE_BAR;
1052      }
1053  
1054      for (int i = 0; i < (1 - progress) / INCREMENT; ++i) {
1055          progress_bar += INCOMPLETE_BAR;
1056      }
1057  }
1058  
1059  /**
1060   * ParseGetInfoResult takes in -getinfo result in UniValue object and parses it
1061   * into a user friendly UniValue string to be printed on the console.
1062   * @param[out] result  Reference to UniValue result containing the -getinfo output.
1063   */
1064  static void ParseGetInfoResult(UniValue& result)
1065  {
1066      if (!result.find_value("error").isNull()) return;
1067  
1068      std::string RESET, GREEN, BLUE, YELLOW, MAGENTA, CYAN;
1069      bool should_colorize = false;
1070  
1071  #ifndef WIN32
1072      if (isatty(fileno(stdout))) {
1073          // By default, only print colored text if OS is not WIN32 and stdout is connected to a terminal.
1074          should_colorize = true;
1075      }
1076  #endif
1077  
1078      {
1079          const std::string color{gArgs.GetArg("-color", DEFAULT_COLOR_SETTING)};
1080          if (color == "always") {
1081              should_colorize = true;
1082          } else if (color == "never") {
1083              should_colorize = false;
1084          } else if (color != "auto") {
1085              throw std::runtime_error("Invalid value for -color option. Valid values: always, auto, never.");
1086          }
1087      }
1088  
1089      if (should_colorize) {
1090          RESET = "\x1B[0m";
1091          GREEN = "\x1B[32m";
1092          BLUE = "\x1B[34m";
1093          YELLOW = "\x1B[33m";
1094          MAGENTA = "\x1B[35m";
1095          CYAN = "\x1B[36m";
1096      }
1097  
1098      std::string result_string = strprintf("%sChain: %s%s\n", BLUE, result["chain"].getValStr(), RESET);
1099      result_string += strprintf("Blocks: %s\n", result["blocks"].getValStr());
1100      result_string += strprintf("Headers: %s\n", result["headers"].getValStr());
1101  
1102      const double ibd_progress{result["verificationprogress"].get_real()};
1103      std::string ibd_progress_bar;
1104      // Display the progress bar only if IBD progress is less than 99%
1105      if (ibd_progress < 0.99) {
1106        GetProgressBar(ibd_progress, ibd_progress_bar);
1107        // Add padding between progress bar and IBD progress
1108        ibd_progress_bar += " ";
1109      }
1110  
1111      result_string += strprintf("Verification progress: %s%.4f%%\n", ibd_progress_bar, ibd_progress * 100);
1112      result_string += strprintf("Difficulty: %s\n\n", result["difficulty"].getValStr());
1113  
1114      result_string += strprintf(
1115          "%sNetwork: in %s, out %s, total %s%s\n",
1116          GREEN,
1117          result["connections"]["in"].getValStr(),
1118          result["connections"]["out"].getValStr(),
1119          result["connections"]["total"].getValStr(),
1120          RESET);
1121      result_string += strprintf("Version: %s\n", result["version"].getValStr());
1122      result_string += strprintf("Time offset (s): %s\n", result["timeoffset"].getValStr());
1123  
1124      // proxies
1125      std::map<std::string, std::vector<std::string>> proxy_networks;
1126      std::vector<std::string> ordered_proxies;
1127  
1128      for (const UniValue& network : result["networks"].getValues()) {
1129          const std::string proxy = network["proxy"].getValStr();
1130          if (proxy.empty()) continue;
1131          // Add proxy to ordered_proxy if has not been processed
1132          if (proxy_networks.find(proxy) == proxy_networks.end()) ordered_proxies.push_back(proxy);
1133  
1134          proxy_networks[proxy].push_back(network["name"].getValStr());
1135      }
1136  
1137      std::vector<std::string> formatted_proxies;
1138      formatted_proxies.reserve(ordered_proxies.size());
1139      for (const std::string& proxy : ordered_proxies) {
1140          formatted_proxies.emplace_back(strprintf("%s (%s)", proxy, Join(proxy_networks.find(proxy)->second, ", ")));
1141      }
1142      result_string += strprintf("Proxies: %s\n", formatted_proxies.empty() ? "n/a" : Join(formatted_proxies, ", "));
1143  
1144      result_string += strprintf("Min tx relay fee rate (%s/kvB): %s\n\n", CURRENCY_UNIT, result["relayfee"].getValStr());
1145  
1146      if (!result["has_wallet"].isNull()) {
1147          const std::string walletname = result["walletname"].getValStr();
1148          result_string += strprintf("%sWallet: %s%s\n", MAGENTA, walletname.empty() ? "\"\"" : walletname, RESET);
1149  
1150          result_string += strprintf("Keypool size: %s\n", result["keypoolsize"].getValStr());
1151          if (!result["unlocked_until"].isNull()) {
1152              result_string += strprintf("Unlocked until: %s\n", result["unlocked_until"].getValStr());
1153          }
1154          result_string += strprintf("Transaction fee rate (-paytxfee) (%s/kvB): %s\n\n", CURRENCY_UNIT, result["paytxfee"].getValStr());
1155      }
1156      if (!result["balance"].isNull()) {
1157          result_string += strprintf("%sBalance:%s %s\n\n", CYAN, RESET, result["balance"].getValStr());
1158      }
1159  
1160      if (!result["balances"].isNull()) {
1161          result_string += strprintf("%sBalances%s\n", CYAN, RESET);
1162  
1163          size_t max_balance_length{10};
1164  
1165          for (const std::string& wallet : result["balances"].getKeys()) {
1166              max_balance_length = std::max(result["balances"][wallet].getValStr().length(), max_balance_length);
1167          }
1168  
1169          for (const std::string& wallet : result["balances"].getKeys()) {
1170              result_string += strprintf("%*s %s\n",
1171                                         max_balance_length,
1172                                         result["balances"][wallet].getValStr(),
1173                                         wallet.empty() ? "\"\"" : wallet);
1174          }
1175          result_string += "\n";
1176      }
1177  
1178      const std::string warnings{result["warnings"].getValStr()};
1179      result_string += strprintf("%sWarnings:%s %s", YELLOW, RESET, warnings.empty() ? "(none)" : warnings);
1180  
1181      result.setStr(result_string);
1182  }
1183  
1184  /**
1185   * Call RPC getnewaddress.
1186   * @returns getnewaddress response as a UniValue object.
1187   */
1188  static UniValue GetNewAddress()
1189  {
1190      DefaultRequestHandler rh;
1191      return ConnectAndCallRPC(&rh, "getnewaddress", /* args=*/{}, RpcWalletName(gArgs));
1192  }
1193  
1194  /**
1195   * Check bounds and set up args for RPC generatetoaddress params: nblocks, address, maxtries.
1196   * @param[in] address  Reference to const string address to insert into the args.
1197   * @param     args     Reference to vector of string args to modify.
1198   */
1199  static void SetGenerateToAddressArgs(const std::string& address, std::vector<std::string>& args)
1200  {
1201      if (args.size() > 2) throw std::runtime_error("too many arguments (maximum 2 for nblocks and maxtries)");
1202      if (args.size() == 0) {
1203          args.emplace_back(DEFAULT_NBLOCKS);
1204      } else if (args.at(0) == "0") {
1205          throw std::runtime_error("the first argument (number of blocks to generate, default: " + DEFAULT_NBLOCKS + ") must be an integer value greater than zero");
1206      }
1207      args.emplace(args.begin() + 1, address);
1208  }
1209  
1210  static int CommandLineRPC(int argc, char *argv[])
1211  {
1212      std::string strPrint;
1213      int nRet = 0;
1214      try {
1215          // Skip switches
1216          while (argc > 1 && IsSwitchChar(argv[1][0])) {
1217              argc--;
1218              argv++;
1219          }
1220          std::string rpcPass;
1221          if (gArgs.GetBoolArg("-stdinrpcpass", false)) {
1222              NO_STDIN_ECHO();
1223              if (!StdinReady()) {
1224                  fputs("RPC password> ", stderr);
1225                  fflush(stderr);
1226              }
1227              if (!std::getline(std::cin, rpcPass)) {
1228                  throw std::runtime_error("-stdinrpcpass specified but failed to read from standard input");
1229              }
1230              if (StdinTerminal()) {
1231                  fputc('\n', stdout);
1232              }
1233              gArgs.ForceSetArg("-rpcpassword", rpcPass);
1234          }
1235          std::vector<std::string> args = std::vector<std::string>(&argv[1], &argv[argc]);
1236          if (gArgs.GetBoolArg("-stdinwalletpassphrase", false)) {
1237              NO_STDIN_ECHO();
1238              std::string walletPass;
1239              if (args.size() < 1 || !args[0].starts_with("walletpassphrase")) {
1240                  throw std::runtime_error("-stdinwalletpassphrase is only applicable for walletpassphrase(change)");
1241              }
1242              if (!StdinReady()) {
1243                  fputs("Wallet passphrase> ", stderr);
1244                  fflush(stderr);
1245              }
1246              if (!std::getline(std::cin, walletPass)) {
1247                  throw std::runtime_error("-stdinwalletpassphrase specified but failed to read from standard input");
1248              }
1249              if (StdinTerminal()) {
1250                  fputc('\n', stdout);
1251              }
1252              args.insert(args.begin() + 1, walletPass);
1253          }
1254          if (gArgs.GetBoolArg("-stdin", false)) {
1255              // Read one arg per line from stdin and append
1256              std::string line;
1257              while (std::getline(std::cin, line)) {
1258                  args.push_back(line);
1259              }
1260              if (StdinTerminal()) {
1261                  fputc('\n', stdout);
1262              }
1263          }
1264          gArgs.CheckMultipleCLIArgs();
1265          std::unique_ptr<BaseRequestHandler> rh;
1266          std::string method;
1267          if (gArgs.GetBoolArg("-getinfo", false)) {
1268              rh.reset(new GetinfoRequestHandler());
1269          } else if (gArgs.GetBoolArg("-netinfo", false)) {
1270              if (!args.empty() && (args.at(0) == "h" || args.at(0) == "help")) {
1271                  tfm::format(std::cout, "%s\n", NetinfoRequestHandler().m_help_doc);
1272                  return 0;
1273              }
1274              rh.reset(new NetinfoRequestHandler());
1275          } else if (gArgs.GetBoolArg("-generate", false)) {
1276              const UniValue getnewaddress{GetNewAddress()};
1277              const UniValue& error{getnewaddress.find_value("error")};
1278              if (error.isNull()) {
1279                  SetGenerateToAddressArgs(getnewaddress.find_value("result").get_str(), args);
1280                  rh.reset(new GenerateToAddressRequestHandler());
1281              } else {
1282                  ParseError(error, strPrint, nRet);
1283              }
1284          } else if (gArgs.GetBoolArg("-addrinfo", false)) {
1285              rh.reset(new AddrinfoRequestHandler());
1286          } else {
1287              rh.reset(new DefaultRequestHandler());
1288              if (args.size() < 1) {
1289                  throw std::runtime_error("too few parameters (need at least command)");
1290              }
1291              method = args[0];
1292              args.erase(args.begin()); // Remove trailing method name from arguments vector
1293          }
1294          if (nRet == 0) {
1295              // Perform RPC call
1296              const std::optional<std::string> wallet_name{RpcWalletName(gArgs)};
1297              const UniValue reply = ConnectAndCallRPC(rh.get(), method, args, wallet_name);
1298  
1299              // Parse reply
1300              UniValue result = reply.find_value("result");
1301              const UniValue& error = reply.find_value("error");
1302              if (error.isNull()) {
1303                  if (gArgs.GetBoolArg("-getinfo", false)) {
1304                      if (!wallet_name) {
1305                          GetWalletBalances(result); // fetch multiwallet balances and append to result
1306                      }
1307                      ParseGetInfoResult(result);
1308                  }
1309  
1310                  ParseResult(result, strPrint);
1311              } else {
1312                  ParseError(error, strPrint, nRet);
1313              }
1314          }
1315      } catch (const std::exception& e) {
1316          strPrint = std::string("error: ") + e.what();
1317          nRet = EXIT_FAILURE;
1318      } catch (...) {
1319          PrintExceptionContinue(nullptr, "CommandLineRPC()");
1320          throw;
1321      }
1322  
1323      if (strPrint != "") {
1324          tfm::format(nRet == 0 ? std::cout : std::cerr, "%s\n", strPrint);
1325      }
1326      return nRet;
1327  }
1328  
1329  MAIN_FUNCTION
1330  {
1331      SetupEnvironment();
1332      if (!SetupNetworking()) {
1333          tfm::format(std::cerr, "Error: Initializing networking failed\n");
1334          return EXIT_FAILURE;
1335      }
1336      event_set_log_callback(&libevent_log_cb);
1337  
1338      try {
1339          int ret = AppInitRPC(argc, argv);
1340          if (ret != CONTINUE_EXECUTION)
1341              return ret;
1342      }
1343      catch (const std::exception& e) {
1344          PrintExceptionContinue(&e, "AppInitRPC()");
1345          return EXIT_FAILURE;
1346      } catch (...) {
1347          PrintExceptionContinue(nullptr, "AppInitRPC()");
1348          return EXIT_FAILURE;
1349      }
1350  
1351      int ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
1352      try {
1353          ret = CommandLineRPC(argc, argv);
1354      }
1355      catch (const std::exception& e) {
1356          PrintExceptionContinue(&e, "CommandLineRPC()");
1357      } catch (...) {
1358          PrintExceptionContinue(nullptr, "CommandLineRPC()");
1359      }
1360      return ret;
1361  }