wikipedia-markdown.html
1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-menu-disabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available skin-theme-clientpref-thumb-standard" lang="en" dir="ltr"> 3 <head> 4 <meta charset="UTF-8"> 5 <title>Markdown - Wikipedia</title> 6 <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-menu-disabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 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class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > 186 <div class="vector-menu-content"> 187 188 <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> 189 190 191 </ul> 192 193 </div> 194 </div> 195 196 197 <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > 198 <div class="vector-menu-content"> 199 200 <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> 201 <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw-interface href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=" cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-heart mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-heart"></span> 202 203 <span>Donate</span></a> 204 </li> 205 <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw-interface href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Markdown" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log 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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> 241 242 <span>Log in</span></a> 243 </li> 244 245 246 </ul> 247 248 </div> 249 </div> 250 251 252 </div> 253 </div> 254 255 </nav> 256 257 </div> 258 </header> 259 </div> 260 <div class="mw-page-container"> 261 <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> 262 <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> 263 <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> 264 </div> 265 <div class="vector-column-start"> 266 <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> 267 <div id="mw-navigation"> 268 <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> 269 <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> 270 271 </div> 272 </nav> 273 </div> 274 </div> 275 <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> 276 <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> 277 <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> 278 <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> 279 <div 280 class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" 281 data-feature-name="toc-pinned" 282 data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" 283 data-pinned-container-id="vector-toc-pinned-container" 284 data-unpinned-container-id="vector-toc-unpinned-container" 285 > 286 <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> 287 <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> 288 <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> 289 </div> 290 291 292 <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> 293 <li id="toc-mw-content-text" 294 class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> 295 <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> 296 <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> 297 </a> 298 </li> 299 <li id="toc-History" 300 class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> 301 <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> 302 <div class="vector-toc-text"> 303 <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> 304 <span>History</span> 305 </div> 306 </a> 307 308 <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> 309 </ul> 310 </li> 311 <li id="toc-Rise_and_divergence" 312 class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> 313 <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rise_and_divergence"> 314 <div class="vector-toc-text"> 315 <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> 316 <span>Rise and divergence</span> 317 </div> 318 </a> 319 320 <ul id="toc-Rise_and_divergence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> 321 </ul> 322 </li> 323 <li id="toc-Standardization" 324 class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> 325 <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Standardization"> 326 <div class="vector-toc-text"> 327 <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> 328 <span>Standardization</span> 329 </div> 330 </a> 331 332 <ul id="toc-Standardization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> 333 </ul> 334 </li> 335 <li id="toc-Variants" 336 class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> 337 <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variants"> 338 <div class="vector-toc-text"> 339 <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> 340 <span>Variants</span> 341 </div> 342 </a> 343 344 <button aria-controls="toc-Variants-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 345 <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> 346 <span>Toggle Variants subsection</span> 347 </button> 348 349 <ul id="toc-Variants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> 350 <li id="toc-GitHub_Flavored_Markdown" 351 class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> 352 <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#GitHub_Flavored_Markdown"> 353 <div class="vector-toc-text"> 354 <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> 355 <span><span>GitHub Flavored Markdown</span></span> 356 </div> 357 </a> 358 359 <ul id="toc-GitHub_Flavored_Markdown-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> 360 </ul> 361 </li> 362 <li id="toc-Markdown_Extra" 363 class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> 364 <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Markdown_Extra"> 365 <div class="vector-toc-text"> 366 <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> 367 <span>Markdown Extra</span> 368 </div> 369 </a> 370 371 <ul id="toc-Markdown_Extra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> 372 </ul> 373 </li> 374 </ul> 375 </li> 376 <li id="toc-Examples" 377 class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> 378 <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Examples"> 379 <div class="vector-toc-text"> 380 <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> 381 <span>Examples</span> 382 </div> 383 </a> 384 385 <ul id="toc-Examples-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> 386 </ul> 387 </li> 388 <li id="toc-Implementations" 389 class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> 390 <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Implementations"> 391 <div class="vector-toc-text"> 392 <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> 393 <span>Implementations</span> 394 </div> 395 </a> 396 397 <ul id="toc-Implementations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> 398 </ul> 399 </li> 400 <li id="toc-See_also" 401 class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> 402 <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> 403 <div class="vector-toc-text"> 404 <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> 405 <span>See also</span> 406 </div> 407 </a> 408 409 <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> 410 </ul> 411 </li> 412 <li id="toc-Explanatory_notes" 413 class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> 414 <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Explanatory_notes"> 415 <div class="vector-toc-text"> 416 <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> 417 <span>Explanatory notes</span> 418 </div> 419 </a> 420 421 <ul id="toc-Explanatory_notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> 422 </ul> 423 </li> 424 <li id="toc-References" 425 class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> 426 <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> 427 <div class="vector-toc-text"> 428 <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> 429 <span>References</span> 430 </div> 431 </a> 432 433 <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> 434 </ul> 435 </li> 436 <li id="toc-External_links" 437 class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> 438 <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> 439 <div class="vector-toc-text"> 440 <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> 441 <span>External links</span> 442 </div> 443 </a> 444 445 <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> 446 </ul> 447 </li> 448 </ul> 449 </div> 450 451 </div> 452 </nav> 453 </div> 454 </div> 455 <div class="mw-content-container"> 456 <main id="content" class="mw-body"> 457 <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar no-font-mode-scale"> 458 <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> 459 460 <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > 461 <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > 462 <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> 463 464 <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> 465 </label> 466 <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> 467 468 469 <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> 470 </div> 471 472 </div> 473 </div> 474 475 </nav> 476 <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span lang="en" dir="ltr"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Markdown</span></span></h1> 477 478 <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > 479 <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 33 languages" > 480 <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-33" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> 481 482 <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">33 languages</span> 483 </label> 484 <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> 485 486 <div class="vector-menu-content"> 487 488 <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> 489 490 <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86" title="ماركداون – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ماركداون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A8" title="মার্কডাউন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মার্কডাউন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9%E2%80%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86" title="مارکداون – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مارکداون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%88%ED%81%AC%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B4" title="마크다운 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="마크다운" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%8C" title="มาร์กดาวน์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มาร์กดาวน์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> 491 </ul> 492 <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1193600#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> 493 </div> 494 495 </div> 496 </div> 497 </header> 498 <div class="vector-page-toolbar vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref--excluded"> 499 <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> 500 <div id="left-navigation"> 501 <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> 502 503 <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > 504 <div class="vector-menu-content"> 505 506 <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> 507 508 <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Markdown" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Markdown" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> 509 </ul> 510 511 </div> 512 </div> 513 514 515 <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > 516 <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > 517 <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> 518 </label> 519 <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> 520 521 522 523 <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > 524 <div class="vector-menu-content"> 525 526 <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> 527 528 529 </ul> 530 531 </div> 532 </div> 533 534 535 </div> 536 </div> 537 538 </nav> 539 </div> 540 <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> 541 <nav aria-label="Views"> 542 543 <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > 544 <div class="vector-menu-content"> 545 546 <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> 547 548 <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Markdown"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> 549 </ul> 550 551 </div> 552 </div> 553 554 </nav> 555 556 <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> 557 558 <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > 559 <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > 560 <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> 561 </label> 562 <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> 563 564 565 <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> 566 567 <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> 568 <div 569 class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" 570 data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" 571 data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" 572 data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" 573 data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" 574 > 575 <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> 576 <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> 577 <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> 578 </div> 579 580 581 <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > 582 <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 583 Actions 584 </div> 585 <div class="vector-menu-content"> 586 587 <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> 588 589 <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Markdown"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> 590 </ul> 591 592 </div> 593 </div> 594 595 <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > 596 <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 597 General 598 </div> 599 <div class="vector-menu-content"> 600 601 <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> 602 603 <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Markdown" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Markdown" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&oldid=1350010125" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Markdown&id=1350010125&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMarkdown"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li> 604 </ul> 605 606 </div> 607 </div> 608 609 <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > 610 <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 611 Print/export 612 </div> 613 <div class="vector-menu-content"> 614 615 <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> 616 617 <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Markdown&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> 618 </ul> 619 620 </div> 621 </div> 622 623 <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > 624 <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 625 In other projects 626 </div> 627 <div class="vector-menu-content"> 628 629 <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> 630 631 <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Markdown" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-mediawiki mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Markdown" hreflang="en"><span>MediaWiki</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiversity mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Markdown" hreflang="en"><span>Wikiversity</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1193600" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> 632 </ul> 633 634 </div> 635 </div> 636 637 </div> 638 639 </div> 640 641 </div> 642 </div> 643 644 </nav> 645 </div> 646 </div> 647 </div> 648 <div class="vector-column-end no-font-mode-scale"> 649 <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> 650 <div class="wp25eastereggs-vector-sitenotice-landmark"></div> 651 <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> 652 <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> 653 654 </div> 655 </nav> 656 <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> 657 <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> 658 <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> 659 <div 660 class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" 661 data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" 662 data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" 663 data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" 664 data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" 665 > 666 <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> 667 <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> 668 <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> 669 </div> 670 671 672 </div> 673 674 </div> 675 </nav> 676 </div> 677 </div> 678 <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> 679 <div class="vector-body-before-content"> 680 <div class="mw-indicators"> 681 </div> 682 683 <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> 684 </div> 685 <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> 686 687 688 <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-subjectpageheader"> 689 </div><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Plain text markup language</div> 690 <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1320445320">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the marketing term, see <a href="/wiki/Price_markdown" title="Price markdown">Price markdown</a>.</div> 691 <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1305433154">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Primary_sources plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Primary_sources" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/60px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/120px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>relies excessively on <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">references</a> to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research">primary sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please improve this article by adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research">secondary or tertiary sources</a>. <br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Markdown%22">"Markdown"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Markdown%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Markdown%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Markdown%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Markdown%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Markdown%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2025</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> 692 <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1316064257">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent;color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:-3px}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="padding-bottom: 0.15em;background-color:#e0e0e0;color:inherit;">Markdown</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Markdown-mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Markdown-mark.svg/120px-Markdown-mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="49" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Markdown-mark.svg/250px-Markdown-mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="208" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Filename_extension" title="Filename extension">Filename extensions</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><code>.md</code>, <code>.markdown</code><sup id="cite_ref-df-2022_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-df-2022-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rfc7763_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfc7763-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Media_type" title="Media type">Internet media type</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><code>text/markdown</code><sup id="cite_ref-rfc7763_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfc7763-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Uniform_Type_Identifier" title="Uniform Type Identifier">Uniform Type Identifier (UTI)</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><code>net.daringfireball.markdown</code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">UTI conformation</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><code>public.plain-text</code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/File_format#Magic_number" title="File format">Magic number</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;">None</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Developed by</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> 693 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Gruber" title="John Gruber">John Gruber</a></li></ul> 694 </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;">March 9, 2004<span class="noprint"> (22 years ago)</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2004-03-09</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-markdown-swartz_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-markdown-swartz-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gruber-2004-release_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gruber-2004-release-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Latest release</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">1.0.1<br />December 17, 2004<span class="noprint"> (21 years ago)</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2004-12-17</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-md_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-md-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Type of format</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><a href="/wiki/Open_file_format" title="Open file format">Open file format</a><sup id="cite_ref-license_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-license-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Extended to</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><a href="/wiki/Pandoc" title="Pandoc">pandoc</a>, <a href="/wiki/MultiMarkdown" title="MultiMarkdown">MultiMarkdown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Markdown_Extra" class="mw-redirect" title="Markdown Extra">Markdown Extra</a>, <a href="#Standardization">CommonMark</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-rfc7764_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfc7764-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/RMarkdown" class="mw-redirect" title="RMarkdown">RMarkdown</a><sup id="cite_ref-RMarkdown_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RMarkdown-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/">daringfireball<wbr />.net<wbr />/projects<wbr />/markdown<wbr />/</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> 695 <p><b>Markdown</b><sup id="cite_ref-philosophy_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-philosophy-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a <a href="/wiki/Lightweight_markup_language" title="Lightweight markup language">lightweight markup language</a> for creating <a href="/wiki/Formatted_text" title="Formatted text">formatted text</a> using a <a href="/wiki/Text_editor" title="Text editor">plain-text editor</a>. <a href="/wiki/John_Gruber" title="John Gruber">John Gruber</a> created Markdown in 2004 as an easy-to-read <a href="/wiki/Markup_language" title="Markup language">markup language</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-philosophy_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-philosophy-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Markdown is widely used for <a href="/wiki/Blog" title="Blog">blogging</a>, <a href="/wiki/Instant_messaging" title="Instant messaging">instant messaging</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Large_language_models" class="mw-redirect" title="Large language models">large language models</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-llm-markdown_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-llm-markdown-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and also used elsewhere in <a href="/wiki/Online_forums" class="mw-redirect" title="Online forums">online forums</a>, <a href="/wiki/Collaborative_software" title="Collaborative software">collaborative software</a>, <a href="/wiki/Documentation" title="Documentation">documentation</a> pages, and <a href="/wiki/README" title="README">readme files</a>. 696 </p><p>The initial description of Markdown<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> contained ambiguities and raised unanswered questions, causing implementations to both intentionally and accidentally diverge from the original version. This was addressed in 2014 when long-standing Markdown contributors released <a href="#Standardization">CommonMark</a>, an unambiguous specification and test suite for Markdown.<sup id="cite_ref-FutureOfMarkdown_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FutureOfMarkdown-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Questionable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The current source is a blog (WP:BLOG). (September 2025)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> 697 </p> 698 <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> 699 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> 700 <p>Markdown was inspired by pre-existing <a href="/wiki/Convention_(norm)" title="Convention (norm)">conventions</a> for marking up <a href="/wiki/Plain_text" title="Plain text">plain text</a> in <a href="/wiki/Email" title="Email">email</a> and <a href="/wiki/Usenet" title="Usenet">usenet</a> posts,<sup id="cite_ref-ArsTechnica2014_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArsTechnica2014-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> such as the earlier markup languages <a href="/wiki/Setext" title="Setext">setext</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1992</span>), <a href="/wiki/Textile_(markup_language)" title="Textile (markup language)">Textile</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 2002</span>), and <a href="/wiki/ReStructuredText" title="ReStructuredText">reStructuredText</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 2002</span>).<sup id="cite_ref-philosophy_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-philosophy-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 701 </p><p>In 2002 <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Swartz" title="Aaron Swartz">Aaron Swartz</a> created <a href="/wiki/Atx_(markup_language)" class="mw-redirect" title="Atx (markup language)">atx</a> and referred to it as "the true structured text format". Gruber created the Markdown language in 2004 with Swartz as his "sounding board".<sup id="cite_ref-Gruber_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gruber-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The goal of the language was to enable people "to write using an easy-to-read and easy-to-write plain text format, optionally convert it to structurally valid <a href="/wiki/XHTML" title="XHTML">XHTML</a> (or <a href="/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a>)".<sup id="cite_ref-md_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-md-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 702 </p><p>Another key design goal was <i>readability</i>, that the language be readable as-is, without looking like it has been marked up with tags or formatting instructions,<sup id="cite_ref-philosophy_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-philosophy-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> unlike text formatted with "heavier" <a href="/wiki/Markup_language" title="Markup language">markup languages</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Rich_Text_Format" title="Rich Text Format">Rich Text Format</a> (RTF), HTML, or even <a href="/wiki/Wikitext" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikitext">wikitext</a>, each of which have obvious in-line tags and formatting instructions which can make the text more difficult for humans to read.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2025)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> 703 </p><p>Gruber wrote a <a href="/wiki/Perl" title="Perl">Perl</a> script, <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">Markdown.pl</code>, which converts marked-up text input to valid, <a href="/wiki/Well-formed_document" title="Well-formed document">well-formed</a> XHTML or HTML, encoding angle brackets (<code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr"><</code>, <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">></code>) and <a href="/wiki/Ampersand" title="Ampersand">ampersands</a> (<code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">&</code>), which would be misinterpreted as special characters in those languages. It can take the role of a standalone script, a plugin for <a href="/wiki/Blosxom" title="Blosxom">Blosxom</a> or a <a href="/wiki/Movable_Type" title="Movable Type">Movable Type</a>, or of a text filter for <a href="/wiki/BBEdit" title="BBEdit">BBEdit</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-md_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-md-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 704 </p> 705 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rise_and_divergence">Rise and divergence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Rise and divergence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> 706 <p>As Markdown's popularity grew rapidly, many Markdown <a href="/wiki/Implementation" title="Implementation">implementations</a> appeared, driven mostly by the need for additional features such as <a href="/wiki/Table_(information)" title="Table (information)">tables</a>, <a href="/wiki/Note_(typography)" title="Note (typography)">footnotes</a>, definition lists,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Markdown inside HTML blocks.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2025)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> 707 </p><p>The behavior of some of these diverged from the reference implementation, as Markdown was only characterised by an informal <a href="/wiki/Specification_(technical_standard)" title="Specification (technical standard)">specification</a><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a <a href="/wiki/Perl" title="Perl">Perl</a> implementation for conversion to HTML.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2025)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> 708 </p><p>At the same time, a number of ambiguities in the informal specification had attracted attention.<sup id="cite_ref-gfm_on_github-why_spec_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gfm_on_github-why_spec-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These issues spurred the creation of tools such as Babelmark<sup id="cite_ref-babelmark-2_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-babelmark-2-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-babelmark-3_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-babelmark-3-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to compare the output of various implementations,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and an effort by some developers of Markdown <a href="/wiki/Parsing" title="Parsing">parsers</a> for standardization. However, Gruber has argued that complete standardization would be a mistake: "Different sites (and people) have different needs. No one syntax would make all happy."<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 709 </p><p>Gruber avoided using curly braces in Markdown to unofficially reserve them for implementation-specific extensions.<sup id="cite_ref-curlyBraces_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-curlyBraces-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 710 </p> 711 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Standardization">Standardization</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Standardization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> 712 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1316064257" /><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="padding-bottom: 0.15em;background-color:#e0e0e0;color:inherit;">CommonMark</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Filename_extension" title="Filename extension">Filename extensions</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><code>.md</code>, <code>.markdown</code><sup id="cite_ref-rfc7763_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfc7763-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Media_type" title="Media type">Internet media type</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><code>text/markdown; variant=CommonMark</code><sup id="cite_ref-rfc7764_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfc7764-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Uniform_Type_Identifier" title="Uniform Type Identifier">Uniform Type Identifier (UTI)</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><i>uncertain</i><sup id="cite_ref-cm-uti_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cm-uti-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">UTI conformation</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;">public.plain-text</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Developed by</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><a href="/wiki/John_MacFarlane_(philosopher)" title="John MacFarlane (philosopher)">John MacFarlane</a>, open source</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;">October 25, 2014<span class="noprint"> (11 years ago)</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2014-10-25</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Latest release</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">0.31.2<br />January 28, 2024<span class="noprint"> (2 years ago)</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2024-01-28</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-cm-spec_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cm-spec-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Type of format</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><a href="/wiki/Open_file_format" title="Open file format">Open file format</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Extended from</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;">Markdown</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Extended to</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><a href="#GFM">GitHub Flavored Markdown</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonmark.org/">commonmark<wbr />.org</a></span> 713 <span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spec.commonmark.org/">spec<wbr />.commonmark<wbr />.org</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> 714 <p>In 2012, a group of people, including <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Atwood" title="Jeff Atwood">Jeff Atwood</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_MacFarlane_(philosopher)" title="John MacFarlane (philosopher)">John MacFarlane</a>, launched what Atwood characterised as a standardization effort.<sup id="cite_ref-FutureOfMarkdown_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FutureOfMarkdown-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 715 </p><p>A community website now aims to "document various tools and resources available to document authors and developers, as well as implementors of the various Markdown implementations".<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 716 </p><p>In September 2014, Gruber objected to the usage of "Markdown" in the name of this effort and it was rebranded as "CommonMark".<sup id="cite_ref-ArsTechnica2014_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArsTechnica2014-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> CommonMark.org published several versions of a specification, reference implementation, test suite, and "[plans] to announce a finalized 1.0 spec and test suite in 2019".<sup id="cite_ref-commonmark.org_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-commonmark.org-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 717 </p><p>The finalized 1.0 spec has not been released, as major issues still remain unsolved.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 718 </p><p>Nonetheless, the following websites and projects have adopted CommonMark: <a href="/wiki/Codeberg" title="Codeberg">Codeberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Discourse_(software)" title="Discourse (software)">Discourse</a>, <a href="/wiki/GitHub" title="GitHub">GitHub</a>, <a href="/wiki/GitLab" title="GitLab">GitLab</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reddit" title="Reddit">Reddit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qt_(software)" title="Qt (software)">Qt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stack_Exchange" title="Stack Exchange">Stack Exchange</a> (<a href="/wiki/Stack_Overflow" title="Stack Overflow">Stack Overflow</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Swift_(programming_language)" title="Swift (programming language)">Swift</a>. 719 </p><p>In March 2016, two relevant informational Internet <a href="/wiki/Request_for_Comments" title="Request for Comments">RFCs</a> were published: 720 </p> 721 <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1333433106">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#bf3c2c)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#bf3c2c)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style>RFC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7763">7763</a> – "<cite>The text/markdown Media Type,</cite>"<sup id="cite_ref-rfc7763_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfc7763-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Informational.</i> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r996643573">.mw-parser-output .block-indent{padding-left:3em;padding-right:0;overflow:hidden}</style><div class="block-indent">Introduces <a href="/wiki/MIME" title="MIME">MIME</a> type <small><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">text/markdown</code></small>.</div></li> 722 <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" />RFC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7764">7764</a> – "<cite>Guidance on Markdown: Design Philosophies, Stability Strategies, and Select Registrations,</cite>"<sup id="cite_ref-rfc7764_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfc7764-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Informational.</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r996643573" /><div class="block-indent">Discusses and registers the variants <a href="/wiki/MultiMarkdown" title="MultiMarkdown">MultiMarkdown</a>, <a href="#GFM">GitHub Flavored Markdown</a> (GFM), <a href="/wiki/Pandoc" title="Pandoc">Pandoc</a>, and Markdown Extra (among others).<sup id="cite_ref-IANA_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IANA-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></li></ul> 723 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variants">Variants</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Variants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> 724 <p>Websites like <a href="/wiki/Bitbucket" title="Bitbucket">Bitbucket</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diaspora_(social_network)" title="Diaspora (social network)">Diaspora</a>, <a href="/wiki/Discord" title="Discord">Discord</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="#GFM">GitHub</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-gfm_on_github_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gfm_on_github-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap">OpenStreetMap</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reddit" title="Reddit">Reddit</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/SourceForge" title="SourceForge">SourceForge</a><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Stack_Exchange" title="Stack Exchange">Stack Exchange</a><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> use variants of Markdown to make discussions between users easier. 725 </p><p>Depending on implementation, basic inline <a href="/wiki/HTML_tag" class="mw-redirect" title="HTML tag">HTML tags</a> may be supported.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 726 </p><p>Italic text may be implemented by <code>_underscores_</code> or <code>*single-asterisks*</code>.<sup id="cite_ref-italic_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-italic-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 727 </p> 728 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="GitHub_Flavored_Markdown"><span id="GFM">GitHub Flavored Markdown</span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: GitHub Flavored Markdown"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> 729 <p><a href="/wiki/GitHub" title="GitHub">GitHub</a> had been using its own variant of Markdown since as early as 2009,<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which added support for additional formatting such as tables and nesting <a href="/wiki/HTML_element#Block_elements" title="HTML element">block content</a> inside list elements, as well as GitHub-specific features such as auto-linking references to commits, issues, usernames, etc. 730 </p><p>In 2017, GitHub released a formal specification of its <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.github.com/gfm/">GitHub Flavored Markdown</a> (GFM) that is based on <a href="/wiki/CommonMark" class="mw-redirect" title="CommonMark">CommonMark</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-gfm_on_github_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gfm_on_github-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a <a href="/wiki/Superset" class="mw-redirect" title="Superset">strict superset</a> of CommonMark, following its specification exactly except for tables, <a href="/wiki/Strikethrough" title="Strikethrough">strikethrough</a>, <a href="/wiki/Automatic_hyperlinking" title="Automatic hyperlinking">autolinks</a> and task lists, which GFM adds as extensions.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 731 </p><p>Accordingly, GitHub also changed the parser used on their sites, which required that some documents be changed. For instance, GFM now requires that the <a href="/wiki/Number_sign" title="Number sign">hash symbol</a> that creates a heading be separated from the heading text by a space character. 732 </p> 733 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Markdown_Extra">Markdown Extra</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Markdown Extra"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> 734 <p>Markdown Extra is a <a href="/wiki/Lightweight_markup_language" title="Lightweight markup language">lightweight markup language</a> based on Markdown implemented in <a href="/wiki/PHP" title="PHP">PHP</a> (originally), <a href="/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" title="Python (programming language)">Python</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ruby_(programming_language)" title="Ruby (programming language)">Ruby</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-fortin-2018_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fortin-2018-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It adds the following features that are not available with regular Markdown: 735 </p> 736 <ul><li>Markdown markup inside <a href="/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a> blocks</li> 737 <li>Elements with id/class attribute</li> 738 <li>"Fenced code blocks" that span multiple lines of code</li> 739 <li>Tables<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> 740 <li>Definition lists</li> 741 <li>Footnotes</li> 742 <li>Abbreviations</li></ul> 743 <p>Markdown Extra is supported in some <a href="/wiki/Content_management_system" title="Content management system">content management systems</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Drupal" title="Drupal">Drupal</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Grav_(CMS)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grav (CMS)">Grav (CMS)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Textpattern" title="Textpattern">Textpattern CMS</a><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/TYPO3" title="TYPO3">TYPO3</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 744 </p> 745 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> 746 <table class="wikitable"> 747 <tbody><tr> 748 <th width="33%">Text using Markdown syntax 749 </th> 750 <th width="34%">Corresponding HTML produced by a Markdown processor 751 </th> 752 <th width="33%">Text viewed in a browser 753 </th></tr> 754 <tr valign="top"> 755 <td> 756 <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-md mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="gh">Heading</span> 757 <span class="gh">=======</span> 758 759 <span class="gu">Sub-heading</span> 760 <span class="gu">-----------</span> 761 762 <span class="gh"># Alternative heading</span> 763 764 <span class="gu">## Alternative sub-heading</span> 765 766 Paragraphs are separated 767 by a blank line. 768 769 Two spaces at the end of a line 770 produce a line break. 771 </pre></div> 772 </td> 773 <td> 774 <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-html mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">></span>Heading<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">></span> 775 776 <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">></span>Sub-heading<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">></span> 777 778 <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">></span>Alternative heading<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">></span> 779 780 <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">></span>Alternative sub-heading<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">></span> 781 782 <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span>Paragraphs are separated 783 by a blank line.<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> 784 785 <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span>Two spaces at the end of a line<span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">br</span> <span class="p">/></span> 786 produce a line break.<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> 787 </pre></div> 788 </td> 789 <td><div style="overflow: hidden; page-break-after: avoid; font-size: 1.8em; font-family: Georgia,Times,serif; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; line-height: 1.3; padding: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #AAAAAA;">Heading</div> 790 <div style="overflow: hidden; page-break-after: avoid; font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Georgia,Times,serif; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; line-height: 1.3; padding: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #AAAAAA;">Sub-heading</div> 791 <div style="overflow: hidden; page-break-after: avoid; font-size: 1.8em; font-family: Georgia,Times,serif; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; line-height: 1.3; padding: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #AAAAAA;">Alternative heading</div> 792 <div style="overflow: hidden; page-break-after: avoid; font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Georgia,Times,serif; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; line-height: 1.3; padding: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #AAAAAA;">Alternative sub-heading</div> 793 <p>Paragraphs are separated 794 by a blank line. 795 </p><p>Two spaces at the end of a line<br /> 796 produce a line break. 797 </p> 798 </td></tr> 799 <tr> 800 <td><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-md mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span>Text attributes <span class="ge">_italic_</span>, <span class="gs">**bold**</span>, <span class="sb">`monospace`</span>. 801 802 Horizontal rule: 803 804 --- 805 </pre></div> 806 </td> 807 <td> 808 <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-html mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span>Text attributes <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">></span>italic<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">></span>, <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">strong</span><span class="p">></span>bold<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">strong</span><span class="p">></span>, <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">code</span><span class="p">></span>monospace<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">code</span><span class="p">></span>.<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> 809 810 <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span>Horizontal rule:<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> 811 812 <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">hr</span> <span class="p">/></span> 813 </pre></div> 814 </td> 815 <td>Text attributes <i>italic</i>, <b>bold</b>, <code>monospace</code>.<p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> 816 <p>Horizontal rule: 817 </p> 818 <hr /> 819 </td></tr> 820 <tr> 821 <td><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-md mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span>Bullet lists nested within numbered list: 822 823 <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">1.</span> fruits 824 <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">*</span><span class="w"> </span>apple 825 <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">*</span><span class="w"> </span>banana 826 <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">2.</span> vegetables 827 <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">-</span><span class="w"> </span>carrot 828 <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">-</span><span class="w"> </span>broccoli 829 </pre></div> 830 </td> 831 <td> 832 <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-html mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span>Bullet lists nested within numbered list:<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> 833 834 <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">></span> 835 <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">></span>fruits <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">ul</span><span class="p">></span> 836 <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">></span>apple<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">></span> 837 <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">></span>banana<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">></span> 838 <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">ul</span><span class="p">></</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">></span> 839 <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">></span>vegetables <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">ul</span><span class="p">></span> 840 <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">></span>carrot<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">></span> 841 <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">></span>broccoli<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">></span> 842 <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">ul</span><span class="p">></</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">></span> 843 <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">></span> 844 </pre></div> 845 </td> 846 <td>Bullet lists nested within numbered list: 847 <ol><li>fruits 848 <ul><li>apple</li> 849 <li>banana</li></ul></li> 850 <li>vegetables 851 <ul><li>carrot</li> 852 <li>broccoli</li></ul></li></ol> 853 </td></tr> 854 <tr> 855 <td><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-md mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span>A [<span class="nt">link</span>](<span class="na">http://example.com</span>). 856 857 ![<span class="nt">Image</span>](<span class="na">Icon-pictures.png "icon"</span>) 858 859 <span class="k">> </span><span class="ge">Markdown uses email-style</span> 860 characters for blockquoting. 861 <span class="k">></span> 862 <span class="ge">> Multiple paragraphs need to be prepended individually.</span> 863 864 Most inline <abbr title="Hypertext Markup Language">HTML</abbr> tags are supported. 865 </pre></div> 866 </td> 867 <td> 868 <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-html mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span>A <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"http://example.com"</span><span class="p">></span>link<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">></span>.<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> 869 870 <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">><</span><span class="nt">img</span> <span class="na">alt</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"Image"</span> <span class="na">title</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"icon"</span> <span class="na">src</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"Icon-pictures.png"</span> <span class="p">/></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> 871 872 <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">></span> 873 <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span>Markdown uses email-style characters for blockquoting.<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> 874 <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span>Multiple paragraphs need to be prepended individually.<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> 875 <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">></span> 876 877 <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span>Most inline <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">title</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"Hypertext Markup Language"</span><span class="p">></span>HTML<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">></span> tags are supported.<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> 878 </pre></div> 879 </td> 880 <td>A <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://example.com/">link</a>. 881 <p><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="icon"><img alt="Image" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Icon-pictures.png" decoding="async" width="65" height="59" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="65" data-file-height="59" /></span></span> 882 </p> 883 <blockquote> 884 <p>Markdown uses email-style characters for blockquoting. 885 </p><p>Multiple paragraphs need to be prepended individually. 886 </p> 887 </blockquote> 888 <p>Most inline <abbr title="Hypertext Markup Language">HTML</abbr> tags are supported. 889 </p> 890 </td></tr></tbody></table> 891 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Implementations">Implementations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Implementations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> 892 <p>Implementations of Markdown are available for over a dozen <a href="/wiki/Programming_language" title="Programming language">programming languages</a>; in addition, many <a href="/wiki/Application_software" title="Application software">applications</a>, platforms and <a href="/wiki/Software_framework" title="Software framework">frameworks</a> support Markdown.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, Markdown <a href="/wiki/Plug-in_(computing)" title="Plug-in (computing)">plugins</a> exist for every major <a href="/wiki/Blog" title="Blog">blogging</a> platform.<sup id="cite_ref-ArsTechnica2014_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArsTechnica2014-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 893 </p><p>While Markdown is a minimal markup language and is read and edited with a normal <a href="/wiki/Text_editor" title="Text editor">text editor</a>, there are specially designed editors that preview the files with styles, which are available for all major platforms. Many general-purpose text and <a href="/wiki/Source-code_editor" title="Source-code editor">code editors</a> have <a href="/wiki/Syntax_highlighting" title="Syntax highlighting">syntax highlighting</a> plugins for Markdown built into them or available as optional download. Editors may feature a side-by-side preview window or render the code directly in a <a href="/wiki/WYSIWYG" title="WYSIWYG">WYSIWYG</a> fashion. 894 </p> 895 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> 896 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_document_markup_languages" title="Comparison of document markup languages">Comparison of document markup languages</a></li> 897 <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_documentation_generators" title="Comparison of documentation generators">Comparison of documentation generators</a></li> 898 <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_wiki_software" title="Comparison of wiki software">Comparison of wiki software</a></li> 899 <li><a href="/wiki/Lightweight_markup_language" title="Lightweight markup language">Lightweight markup language</a></li> 900 <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_markup_languages" title="List of markup languages">List of markup languages</a></li> 901 <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_text_editors" title="List of text editors">List of text editors</a></li> 902 <li><a href="/wiki/Wiki_markup" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiki markup">Wiki markup</a></li></ul> 903 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Explanatory_notes">Explanatory notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Explanatory notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> 904 <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1327269900">.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:27em}body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:22.5em}.mw-parser-output .references[data-mw-group=upper-alpha]{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .references[data-mw-group=upper-roman]{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .references[data-mw-group=lower-alpha]{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .references[data-mw-group=lower-greek]{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .references[data-mw-group=lower-roman]{list-style-type:lower-roman}.mw-parser-output div.reflist-liststyle-upper-alpha .references{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output div.reflist-liststyle-upper-roman .references{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output div.reflist-liststyle-lower-alpha .references{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output div.reflist-liststyle-lower-greek .references{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output div.reflist-liststyle-lower-roman .references{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div> 905 <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references" data-mw-group="note"> 906 <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Technically HTML description lists</span> 907 </li> 908 </ol></div></div> 909 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> 910 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1327269900" /><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns" style="column-width: calc( 0.9 * 30em );"><ol class="references"> 911 <li id="cite_note-df-2022-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-df-2022_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite id="CITEREFGruber,_John2014" class="citation web cs1">Gruber, John (8 January 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://daringfireball.net/linked/2014/01/08/markdown-extension">"The Markdown File Extension"</a>. The Daring Fireball Company, LLC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200712120733/https://daringfireball.net/linked/2014/01/08/markdown-extension">Archived</a> from the original on 12 July 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2022</span>. <q>Too late now, I suppose, but the only file extension I would endorse is ".markdown", for the same reason offered by Hilton Lipschitz: <i>We no longer live in a 8.3 world, so we should be using the most descriptive file extensions. It's sad that all our operating systems rely on this stupid convention instead of the better creator code or a metadata model, but great that they now support longer file extensions.</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Markdown+File+Extension&rft.pub=The+Daring+Fireball+Company%2C+LLC&rft.date=2014-01-08&rft.au=Gruber%2C+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdaringfireball.net%2Flinked%2F2014%2F01%2F08%2Fmarkdown-extension&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 912 </li> 913 <li id="cite_note-rfc7763-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rfc7763_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc7763_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc7763_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc7763_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite id="CITEREFS._Leonard2016" class="citation cs1">S. Leonard (March 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7763"><i>The text/markdown Media Type</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Internet_Engineering_Task_Force" title="Internet Engineering Task Force">Internet Engineering Task Force</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17487%2FRFC7763">10.17487/RFC7763</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2070-1721">2070-1721</a>. <a href="/wiki/Request_for_Comments" title="Request for Comments">RFC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7763">7763</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+text%2Fmarkdown+Media+Type&rft.pub=Internet+Engineering+Task+Force&rft.date=2016-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17487%2FRFC7763&rft.issn=2070-1721&rft.au=S.+Leonard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rfc-editor.org%2Frfc%2Frfc7763&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span> <i>Informational.</i> </span> 914 </li> 915 <li id="cite_note-markdown-swartz-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-markdown-swartz_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite id="CITEREFSwartz2004" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Swartz" title="Aaron Swartz">Swartz, Aaron</a> (2004-03-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aaronsw.com/weblog/001189">"Markdown"</a>. <i>Aaron Swartz: The Weblog</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171224200232/http://www.aaronsw.com/weblog/001189">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-12-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-09-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Aaron+Swartz%3A+The+Weblog&rft.atitle=Markdown&rft.date=2004-03-19&rft.aulast=Swartz&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aaronsw.com%2Fweblog%2F001189&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 916 </li> 917 <li id="cite_note-gruber-2004-release-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gruber-2004-release_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite id="CITEREFGruber" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Gruber" title="John Gruber">Gruber, John</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040311230924/https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/index.text">"Markdown"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Daring_Fireball" class="mw-redirect" title="Daring Fireball">Daring Fireball</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/index.text">the original</a> on 2004-03-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-08-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Daring+Fireball&rft.atitle=Markdown&rft.aulast=Gruber&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdaringfireball.net%2Fprojects%2Fmarkdown%2Findex.text&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 918 </li> 919 <li id="cite_note-md-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-md_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-md_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-md_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Markdown 1.0.1 readme source code <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040402182332/http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/">"Daring Fireball – Markdown"</a>. 2004-12-17. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/">the original</a> on 2004-04-02.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Daring+Fireball+%E2%80%93+Markdown&rft.date=2004-12-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdaringfireball.net%2Fprojects%2Fmarkdown%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 920 </li> 921 <li id="cite_note-license-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-license_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/license">"Markdown: License"</a>. Daring Fireball. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200218183533/https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/license">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-02-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-04-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Markdown%3A+License&rft.pub=Daring+Fireball&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdaringfireball.net%2Fprojects%2Fmarkdown%2Flicense&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 922 </li> 923 <li id="cite_note-rfc7764-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rfc7764_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc7764_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc7764_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite id="CITEREFS._Leonard2016" class="citation cs1">S. Leonard (March 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7764"><i>Guidance on Markdown: Design Philosophies, Stability Strategies, and Select Registrations</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Internet_Engineering_Task_Force" title="Internet Engineering Task Force">Internet Engineering Task Force</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17487%2FRFC7764">10.17487/RFC7764</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2070-1721">2070-1721</a>. <a href="/wiki/Request_for_Comments" title="Request for Comments">RFC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7764">7764</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Guidance+on+Markdown%3A+Design+Philosophies%2C+Stability+Strategies%2C+and+Select+Registrations&rft.pub=Internet+Engineering+Task+Force&rft.date=2016-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17487%2FRFC7764&rft.issn=2070-1721&rft.au=S.+Leonard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rfc-editor.org%2Frfc%2Frfc7764&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span> <i>Informational.</i> </span> 924 </li> 925 <li id="cite_note-RMarkdown-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RMarkdown_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rmarkdown.rstudio.com/">"RMarkdown Reference site"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200303054734/https://rmarkdown.rstudio.com/">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-03-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RMarkdown+Reference+site&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frmarkdown.rstudio.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 926 </li> 927 <li id="cite_note-philosophy-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-philosophy_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-philosophy_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-philosophy_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-philosophy_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Markdown Syntax <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/syntax#philosophy">"Daring Fireball – Markdown – Syntax"</a>. 2013-06-13.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Daring+Fireball+%E2%80%93+Markdown+%E2%80%93+Syntax&rft.date=2013-06-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdaringfireball.net%2Fprojects%2Fmarkdown%2Fsyntax%23philosophy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span> "Readability, however, is emphasized above all else. A Markdown-formatted document should be publishable as-is, as plain text, without looking like it's been marked up with tags or formatting instructions. While Markdown's syntax has been influenced by several existing text-to-HTML filters — including Setext, atx, Textile, reStructuredText, Grutatext<sup id="cite_ref-grutatext_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-grutatext-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, and EtText<sup id="cite_ref-ettext_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ettext-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> — the single biggest source of inspiration for Markdown's syntax is the format of plain text email."</span> 928 </li> 929 <li id="cite_note-llm-markdown-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-llm-markdown_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite id="CITEREFDillet2025" class="citation web cs1">Dillet, Romain (6 March 2025). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://techcrunch.com/2025/03/06/mistrals-new-ocr-api-turns-any-pdf-document-into-an-ai-ready-markdown-file/">"Mistral adds a new API that turns any PDF document into an AI-ready Markdown file"</a>. <i>TechCrunch</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 September</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechCrunch&rft.atitle=Mistral+adds+a+new+API+that+turns+any+PDF+document+into+an+AI-ready+Markdown+file&rft.date=2025-03-06&rft.aulast=Dillet&rft.aufirst=Romain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftechcrunch.com%2F2025%2F03%2F06%2Fmistrals-new-ocr-api-turns-any-pdf-document-into-an-ai-ready-markdown-file%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 930 </li> 931 <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://daringfireball.net/2004/03/introducing_markdown">"Daring Fireball: Introducing Markdown"</a>. <i>daringfireball.net</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200920182442/https://daringfireball.net/2004/03/introducing_markdown">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-09-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-09-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=daringfireball.net&rft.atitle=Daring+Fireball%3A+Introducing+Markdown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdaringfireball.net%2F2004%2F03%2Fintroducing_markdown&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 932 </li> 933 <li id="cite_note-FutureOfMarkdown-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FutureOfMarkdown_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FutureOfMarkdown_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite id="CITEREFAtwood2012" class="citation web cs1">Atwood, Jeff (2012-10-25). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140211233513/http://www.codinghorror.com/blog/2012/10/the-future-of-markdown.html">"The Future of Markdown"</a>. CodingHorror.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.codinghorror.com/blog/2012/10/the-future-of-markdown.html">the original</a> on 2014-02-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-04-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Future+of+Markdown&rft.pub=CodingHorror.com&rft.date=2012-10-25&rft.aulast=Atwood&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.codinghorror.com%2Fblog%2F2012%2F10%2Fthe-future-of-markdown.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 934 </li> 935 <li id="cite_note-ArsTechnica2014-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ArsTechnica2014_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ArsTechnica2014_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ArsTechnica2014_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite id="CITEREFGilbertson2014" class="citation news cs1">Gilbertson, Scott (October 5, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2014/10/markdown-throwdown-what-happens-when-foss-software-gets-corporate-backing/">"Markdown throwdown: What happens when FOSS software gets corporate backing?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Ars_Technica" title="Ars Technica">Ars Technica</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201114231130/https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2014/10/markdown-throwdown-what-happens-when-foss-software-gets-corporate-backing/">Archived</a> from the original on November 14, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 14,</span> 2017</span>. <q><a href="/wiki/CommonMark" class="mw-redirect" title="CommonMark">CommonMark</a> fork could end up better for users... but original creators seem to disagree.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ars+Technica&rft.atitle=Markdown+throwdown%3A+What+happens+when+FOSS+software+gets+corporate+backing%3F&rft.date=2014-10-05&rft.aulast=Gilbertson&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farstechnica.com%2Finformation-technology%2F2014%2F10%2Fmarkdown-throwdown-what-happens-when-foss-software-gets-corporate-backing%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 936 </li> 937 <li id="cite_note-Gruber-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gruber_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite id="CITEREFgruber2016" class="citation web cs1">@gruber (June 12, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://twitter.com/gruber/status/741989829173510145">"I should write about it, but it's painful. More or less: Aaron was my sounding board, my muse"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>) – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" class="mw-redirect" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=I+should+write+about+it%2C+but+it%27s+painful.+More+or+less%3A+Aaron+was+my+sounding+board%2C+my+muse.&rft.date=2016-06-12&rft.au=gruber&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftwitter.com%2Fgruber%2Fstatus%2F741989829173510145&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 938 </li> 939 <li id="cite_note-grutatext-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-grutatext_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220630230546/https://triptico.com/docs/grutatxt_markup.html">"Un naufragio personal: The Grutatxt markup"</a>. <i>triptico.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://triptico.com/docs/grutatxt_markup.html">the original</a> on 2022-06-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-06-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=triptico.com&rft.atitle=Un+naufragio+personal%3A+The+Grutatxt+markup&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftriptico.com%2Fdocs%2Fgrutatxt_markup.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 940 </li> 941 <li id="cite_note-ettext-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ettext_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ettext.taint.org/doc/ettext.html">"EtText: Documentation: Using EtText"</a>. <i>ettext.taint.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-06-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ettext.taint.org&rft.atitle=EtText%3A+Documentation%3A+Using+EtText&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fettext.taint.org%2Fdoc%2Fettext.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 942 </li> 943 <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/syntax">"Markdown Syntax Documentation"</a>. Daring Fireball. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190909051956/https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/syntax">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-09-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-03-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Markdown+Syntax+Documentation&rft.pub=Daring+Fireball&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdaringfireball.net%2Fprojects%2Fmarkdown%2Fsyntax&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 944 </li> 945 <li id="cite_note-gfm_on_github-why_spec-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gfm_on_github-why_spec_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.github.com/gfm/#why-is-a-spec-needed-">"GitHub Flavored Markdown Spec – Why is a spec needed?"</a>. <i>github.github.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200203204734/https://github.github.com/gfm/#why-is-a-spec-needed-">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-02-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-05-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=github.github.com&rft.atitle=GitHub+Flavored+Markdown+Spec+%E2%80%93+Why+is+a+spec+needed%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.github.com%2Fgfm%2F%23why-is-a-spec-needed-&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 946 </li> 947 <li id="cite_note-babelmark-2-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-babelmark-2_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://johnmacfarlane.net/babelmark2/">"Babelmark 2 – Compare markdown implementations"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-04-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Babelmark+2+%E2%80%93+Compare+markdown+implementations&rft.pub=Johnmacfarlane.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjohnmacfarlane.net%2Fbabelmark2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 948 </li> 949 <li id="cite_note-babelmark-3-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-babelmark-3_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://babelmark.github.io/">"Babelmark 3 – Compare Markdown Implementations"</a>. github.io. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112043521/https://babelmark.github.io/">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-11-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-12-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Babelmark+3+%E2%80%93+Compare+Markdown+Implementations&rft.pub=github.io&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbabelmark.github.io%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 950 </li> 951 <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://johnmacfarlane.net/babelmark2/faq.html">"Babelmark 2 – FAQ"</a>. Johnmacfarlane.net. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170728115918/http://johnmacfarlane.net/babelmark2/faq.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-07-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-04-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Babelmark+2+%E2%80%93+FAQ&rft.pub=Johnmacfarlane.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjohnmacfarlane.net%2Fbabelmark2%2Ffaq.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 952 </li> 953 <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite id="CITEREFGruber2014" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Gruber" title="John Gruber">Gruber, John [@gruber]</a> (4 September 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://twitter.com/gruber/status/507670720886091776">"@tobie @espadrine @comex @wycats Because different sites (and people) have different needs. No one syntax would make all happy"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>) – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" class="mw-redirect" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%40tobie+%40espadrine+%40comex+%40wycats+Because+different+sites+%28and+people%29+have+different+needs.+No+one+syntax+would+make+all+happy.&rft.date=2014-09-04&rft.aulast=Gruber&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftwitter.com%2Fgruber%2Fstatus%2F507670720886091776&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 954 </li> 955 <li id="cite_note-curlyBraces-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-curlyBraces_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite id="CITEREFGruber2022" class="citation web cs1">Gruber, John (19 May 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://daringfireball.net/linked/2022/05/19/markdoc">"Markdoc"</a>. <i>Daring Fireball</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220519202920/https://daringfireball.net/linked/2022/05/19/markdoc">Archived</a> from the original on 19 May 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 19,</span> 2022</span>. <q>I love their syntax extensions — very true to the spirit of Markdown. They use curly braces for their extensions; I'm not sure I ever made this clear, publicly, but I avoided using curly braces in Markdown itself — even though they are very tempting characters — to unofficially reserve them for implementation-specific extensions. Markdoc's extensive use of curly braces for its syntax is exactly the sort of thing I was thinking about.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Daring+Fireball&rft.atitle=Markdoc&rft.date=2022-05-19&rft.aulast=Gruber&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdaringfireball.net%2Flinked%2F2022%2F05%2F19%2Fmarkdoc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 956 </li> 957 <li id="cite_note-cm-uti-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cm-uti_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://talk.commonmark.org/t/uti-of-a-commonmark-document/2406">"UTI of a CommonMark document"</a>. 12 April 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181122140119/https://talk.commonmark.org/t/uti-of-a-commonmark-document/2406">Archived</a> from the original on 22 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UTI+of+a+CommonMark+document&rft.date=2017-04-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftalk.commonmark.org%2Ft%2Futi-of-a-commonmark-document%2F2406&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 958 </li> 959 <li id="cite_note-cm-spec-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cm-spec_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spec.commonmark.org/">"CommonMark specification"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170807052756/http://spec.commonmark.org/">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-08-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CommonMark+specification&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fspec.commonmark.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 960 </li> 961 <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://markdown.github.io/">"Markdown Community Page"</a>. GitHub. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201026161924/http://markdown.github.io/">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-10-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-04-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Markdown+Community+Page&rft.pub=GitHub&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmarkdown.github.io%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 962 </li> 963 <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.codinghorror.com/standard-markdown-is-now-common-markdown/">"Standard Markdown is now Common Markdown"</a>. Jeff Atwood. 4 September 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141009181014/http://blog.codinghorror.com/standard-markdown-is-now-common-markdown/">Archived</a> from the original on 2014-10-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-10-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=InfoQ&rft.atitle=Standard+Markdown+Becomes+Common+Markdown+then+CommonMark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.infoq.com%2Fnews%2F2014%2F09%2Fmarkdown-commonmark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 966 </li> 967 <li id="cite_note-commonmark.org-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-commonmark.org_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://commonmark.org/">"CommonMark"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160412211434/http://commonmark.org/">Archived</a> from the original on 12 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 Jun</span> 2018</span>. <q>The current version of the CommonMark spec is complete, and quite robust after a year of public feedback … but not quite final. With your help, we plan to announce a finalized 1.0 spec and test suite in 2019.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CommonMark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcommonmark.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 968 </li> 969 <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://talk.commonmark.org/t/issues-we-must-resolve-before-1-0-release-6-remaining/1287">"Issues we MUST resolve before 1.0 release [6 remaining]"</a>. <i>CommonMark Discussion</i>. 2015-07-26. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414032229/https://talk.commonmark.org/t/issues-we-must-resolve-before-1-0-release-6-remaining/1287">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-04-14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-10-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CommonMark+Discussion&rft.atitle=Issues+we+MUST+resolve+before+1.0+release+%5B6+remaining%5D&rft.date=2015-07-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftalk.commonmark.org%2Ft%2Fissues-we-must-resolve-before-1-0-release-6-remaining%2F1287&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 970 </li> 971 <li id="cite_note-IANA-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-IANA_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/markdown-variants/markdown-variants.xhtml">"Markdown Variants"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Internet_Assigned_Numbers_Authority" title="Internet Assigned Numbers Authority">IANA</a>. 2016-03-28. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201027005128/https://www.iana.org/assignments/markdown-variants/markdown-variants.xhtml">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-10-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-07-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Markdown+Variants&rft.pub=IANA&rft.date=2016-03-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iana.org%2Fassignments%2Fmarkdown-variants%2Fmarkdown-variants.xhtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 972 </li> 973 <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.discord.com/hc/en-us/articles/210298617-Markdown-Text-101-Chat-Formatting-Bold-Italic-Underline">"Markdown Text 101 (Chat Formatting: Bold, Italic, Underline)"</a>. <i>Discord</i>. 2024-10-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2025-02-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Discord&rft.atitle=Markdown+Text+101+%28Chat+Formatting%3A+Bold%2C+Italic%2C+Underline%29&rft.date=2024-10-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsupport.discord.com%2Fhc%2Fen-us%2Farticles%2F210298617-Markdown-Text-101-Chat-Formatting-Bold-Italic-Underline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 974 </li> 975 <li id="cite_note-gfm_on_github-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gfm_on_github_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gfm_on_github_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.github.com/gfm/">"GitHub Flavored Markdown Spec"</a>. GitHub. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200203204734/https://github.github.com/gfm/">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-02-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-06-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=GitHub+Flavored+Markdown+Spec&rft.pub=GitHub&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.github.com%2Fgfm%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> 976 </li> 977 <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reddit.com/r/reddit.com/comments/6ewgt/reddit_markdown_primer_or_how_do_you_do_all_that/">"Reddit markdown primer. Or, how do you do all that fancy formatting in your comments, anyway?"</a>. Reddit. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190611185827/https://www.reddit.com/r/reddit.com/comments/6ewgt/reddit_markdown_primer_or_how_do_you_do_all_that/">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-06-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> 1220 1221 <span></span> 1222 </a> 1223 </div> 1224 <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> 1225 <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> 1226 1227 <span>33 languages</span> 1228 </button> 1229 <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span 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