/ src / interfaces / chain.h
chain.h
  1  // Copyright (c) 2018-present The Bitcoin Core developers
  2  // Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
  3  // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
  4  
  5  #ifndef BITCOIN_INTERFACES_CHAIN_H
  6  #define BITCOIN_INTERFACES_CHAIN_H
  7  
  8  #include <blockfilter.h>
  9  #include <common/settings.h>
 10  #include <node/types.h>
 11  #include <primitives/transaction.h>
 12  #include <util/result.h>
 13  
 14  #include <cstddef>
 15  #include <cstdint>
 16  #include <functional>
 17  #include <map>
 18  #include <memory>
 19  #include <optional>
 20  #include <string>
 21  #include <vector>
 22  
 23  class ArgsManager;
 24  class CBlock;
 25  class CBlockUndo;
 26  class CFeeRate;
 27  class CRPCCommand;
 28  class CScheduler;
 29  class Coin;
 30  class uint256;
 31  enum class MemPoolRemovalReason;
 32  enum class RBFTransactionState;
 33  enum class ChainstateRole;
 34  struct bilingual_str;
 35  struct CBlockLocator;
 36  struct FeeCalculation;
 37  namespace node {
 38  struct NodeContext;
 39  } // namespace node
 40  
 41  namespace interfaces {
 42  
 43  class Handler;
 44  class Wallet;
 45  
 46  //! Helper for findBlock to selectively return pieces of block data. If block is
 47  //! found, data will be returned by setting specified output variables. If block
 48  //! is not found, output variables will keep their previous values.
 49  class FoundBlock
 50  {
 51  public:
 52      FoundBlock& hash(uint256& hash) { m_hash = &hash; return *this; }
 53      FoundBlock& height(int& height) { m_height = &height; return *this; }
 54      FoundBlock& time(int64_t& time) { m_time = &time; return *this; }
 55      FoundBlock& maxTime(int64_t& max_time) { m_max_time = &max_time; return *this; }
 56      FoundBlock& mtpTime(int64_t& mtp_time) { m_mtp_time = &mtp_time; return *this; }
 57      //! Return whether block is in the active (most-work) chain.
 58      FoundBlock& inActiveChain(bool& in_active_chain) { m_in_active_chain = &in_active_chain; return *this; }
 59      //! Return locator if block is in the active chain.
 60      FoundBlock& locator(CBlockLocator& locator) { m_locator = &locator; return *this; }
 61      //! Return next block in the active chain if current block is in the active chain.
 62      FoundBlock& nextBlock(const FoundBlock& next_block) { m_next_block = &next_block; return *this; }
 63      //! Read block data from disk. If the block exists but doesn't have data
 64      //! (for example due to pruning), the CBlock variable will be set to null.
 65      FoundBlock& data(CBlock& data) { m_data = &data; return *this; }
 66  
 67      uint256* m_hash = nullptr;
 68      int* m_height = nullptr;
 69      int64_t* m_time = nullptr;
 70      int64_t* m_max_time = nullptr;
 71      int64_t* m_mtp_time = nullptr;
 72      bool* m_in_active_chain = nullptr;
 73      CBlockLocator* m_locator = nullptr;
 74      const FoundBlock* m_next_block = nullptr;
 75      CBlock* m_data = nullptr;
 76      mutable bool found = false;
 77  };
 78  
 79  //! Block data sent with blockConnected, blockDisconnected notifications.
 80  struct BlockInfo {
 81      const uint256& hash;
 82      const uint256* prev_hash = nullptr;
 83      int height = -1;
 84      int file_number = -1;
 85      unsigned data_pos = 0;
 86      const CBlock* data = nullptr;
 87      const CBlockUndo* undo_data = nullptr;
 88      // The maximum time in the chain up to and including this block.
 89      // A timestamp that can only move forward.
 90      unsigned int chain_time_max{0};
 91  
 92      BlockInfo(const uint256& hash LIFETIMEBOUND) : hash(hash) {}
 93  };
 94  
 95  //! The action to be taken after updating a settings value.
 96  //! WRITE indicates that the updated value must be written to disk,
 97  //! while SKIP_WRITE indicates that the change will be kept in memory-only
 98  //! without persisting it.
 99  enum class SettingsAction {
100      WRITE,
101      SKIP_WRITE
102  };
103  
104  using SettingsUpdate = std::function<std::optional<interfaces::SettingsAction>(common::SettingsValue&)>;
105  
106  //! Interface giving clients (wallet processes, maybe other analysis tools in
107  //! the future) ability to access to the chain state, receive notifications,
108  //! estimate fees, and submit transactions.
109  //!
110  //! TODO: Current chain methods are too low level, exposing too much of the
111  //! internal workings of the bitcoin node, and not being very convenient to use.
112  //! Chain methods should be cleaned up and simplified over time. Examples:
113  //!
114  //! * The initMessages() and showProgress() methods which the wallet uses to send
115  //!   notifications to the GUI should go away when GUI and wallet can directly
116  //!   communicate with each other without going through the node
117  //!   (https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/15288#discussion_r253321096).
118  //!
119  //! * The handleRpc, registerRpcs, rpcEnableDeprecated methods and other RPC
120  //!   methods can go away if wallets listen for HTTP requests on their own
121  //!   ports instead of registering to handle requests on the node HTTP port.
122  //!
123  //! * Move fee estimation queries to an asynchronous interface and let the
124  //!   wallet cache it, fee estimation being driven by node mempool, wallet
125  //!   should be the consumer.
126  //!
127  //! * `guessVerificationProgress` and similar methods can go away if rescan
128  //!   logic moves out of the wallet, and the wallet just requests scans from the
129  //!   node (https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/issues/11756)
130  class Chain
131  {
132  public:
133      virtual ~Chain() = default;
134  
135      //! Get current chain height, not including genesis block (returns 0 if
136      //! chain only contains genesis block, nullopt if chain does not contain
137      //! any blocks)
138      virtual std::optional<int> getHeight() = 0;
139  
140      //! Get block hash. Height must be valid or this function will abort.
141      virtual uint256 getBlockHash(int height) = 0;
142  
143      //! Check that the block is available on disk (i.e. has not been
144      //! pruned), and contains transactions.
145      virtual bool haveBlockOnDisk(int height) = 0;
146  
147      //! Return height of the highest block on chain in common with the locator,
148      //! which will either be the original block used to create the locator,
149      //! or one of its ancestors.
150      virtual std::optional<int> findLocatorFork(const CBlockLocator& locator) = 0;
151  
152      //! Returns whether a block filter index is available.
153      virtual bool hasBlockFilterIndex(BlockFilterType filter_type) = 0;
154  
155      //! Returns whether any of the elements match the block via a BIP 157 block filter
156      //! or std::nullopt if the block filter for this block couldn't be found.
157      virtual std::optional<bool> blockFilterMatchesAny(BlockFilterType filter_type, const uint256& block_hash, const GCSFilter::ElementSet& filter_set) = 0;
158  
159      //! Return whether node has the block and optionally return block metadata
160      //! or contents.
161      virtual bool findBlock(const uint256& hash, const FoundBlock& block={}) = 0;
162  
163      //! Find first block in the chain with timestamp >= the given time
164      //! and height >= than the given height, return false if there is no block
165      //! with a high enough timestamp and height. Optionally return block
166      //! information.
167      virtual bool findFirstBlockWithTimeAndHeight(int64_t min_time, int min_height, const FoundBlock& block={}) = 0;
168  
169      //! Find ancestor of block at specified height and optionally return
170      //! ancestor information.
171      virtual bool findAncestorByHeight(const uint256& block_hash, int ancestor_height, const FoundBlock& ancestor_out={}) = 0;
172  
173      //! Return whether block descends from a specified ancestor, and
174      //! optionally return ancestor information.
175      virtual bool findAncestorByHash(const uint256& block_hash,
176          const uint256& ancestor_hash,
177          const FoundBlock& ancestor_out={}) = 0;
178  
179      //! Find most recent common ancestor between two blocks and optionally
180      //! return block information.
181      virtual bool findCommonAncestor(const uint256& block_hash1,
182          const uint256& block_hash2,
183          const FoundBlock& ancestor_out={},
184          const FoundBlock& block1_out={},
185          const FoundBlock& block2_out={}) = 0;
186  
187      //! Look up unspent output information. Returns coins in the mempool and in
188      //! the current chain UTXO set. Iterates through all the keys in the map and
189      //! populates the values.
190      virtual void findCoins(std::map<COutPoint, Coin>& coins) = 0;
191  
192      //! Estimate fraction of total transactions verified if blocks up to
193      //! the specified block hash are verified.
194      virtual double guessVerificationProgress(const uint256& block_hash) = 0;
195  
196      //! Return true if data is available for all blocks in the specified range
197      //! of blocks. This checks all blocks that are ancestors of block_hash in
198      //! the height range from min_height to max_height, inclusive.
199      virtual bool hasBlocks(const uint256& block_hash, int min_height = 0, std::optional<int> max_height = {}) = 0;
200  
201      //! Check if transaction is RBF opt in.
202      virtual RBFTransactionState isRBFOptIn(const CTransaction& tx) = 0;
203  
204      //! Check if transaction is in mempool.
205      virtual bool isInMempool(const Txid& txid) = 0;
206  
207      //! Check if transaction has descendants in mempool.
208      virtual bool hasDescendantsInMempool(const Txid& txid) = 0;
209  
210      //! Process a local transaction, optionally adding it to the mempool and
211      //! optionally broadcasting it to the network.
212      //! @param[in] tx Transaction to process.
213      //! @param[in] max_tx_fee Don't add the transaction to the mempool or
214      //! broadcast it if its fee is higher than this.
215      //! @param[in] broadcast_method Whether to add the transaction to the
216      //! mempool and how/whether to broadcast it.
217      //! @param[out] err_string Set if an error occurs.
218      //! @return False if the transaction could not be added due to the fee or for another reason.
219      virtual bool broadcastTransaction(const CTransactionRef& tx,
220                                        const CAmount& max_tx_fee,
221                                        node::TxBroadcast broadcast_method,
222                                        std::string& err_string) = 0;
223  
224      //! Calculate mempool ancestor and cluster counts for the given transaction.
225      virtual void getTransactionAncestry(const Txid& txid, size_t& ancestors, size_t& cluster_count, size_t* ancestorsize = nullptr, CAmount* ancestorfees = nullptr) = 0;
226  
227      //! For each outpoint, calculate the fee-bumping cost to spend this outpoint at the specified
228      //  feerate, including bumping its ancestors. For example, if the target feerate is 10sat/vbyte
229      //  and this outpoint refers to a mempool transaction at 3sat/vbyte, the bump fee includes the
230      //  cost to bump the mempool transaction to 10sat/vbyte (i.e. 7 * mempooltx.vsize). If that
231      //  transaction also has, say, an unconfirmed parent with a feerate of 1sat/vbyte, the bump fee
232      //  includes the cost to bump the parent (i.e. 9 * parentmempooltx.vsize).
233      //
234      //  If the outpoint comes from an unconfirmed transaction that is already above the target
235      //  feerate or bumped by its descendant(s) already, it does not need to be bumped. Its bump fee
236      //  is 0. Likewise, if any of the transaction's ancestors are already bumped by a transaction
237      //  in our mempool, they are not included in the transaction's bump fee.
238      //
239      //  Also supported is bump-fee calculation in the case of replacements. If an outpoint
240      //  conflicts with another transaction in the mempool, it is assumed that the goal is to replace
241      //  that transaction. As such, the calculation will exclude the to-be-replaced transaction, but
242      //  will include the fee-bumping cost. If bump fees of descendants of the to-be-replaced
243      //  transaction are requested, the value will be 0. Fee-related RBF rules are not included as
244      //  they are logically distinct.
245      //
246      //  Any outpoints that are otherwise unavailable from the mempool (e.g. UTXOs from confirmed
247      //  transactions or transactions not yet broadcast by the wallet) are given a bump fee of 0.
248      //
249      //  If multiple outpoints come from the same transaction (which would be very rare because
250      //  it means that one transaction has multiple change outputs or paid the same wallet using multiple
251      //  outputs in the same transaction) or have shared ancestry, the bump fees are calculated
252      //  independently, i.e. as if only one of them is spent. This may result in double-fee-bumping. This
253      //  caveat can be rectified per use of the sister-function CalculateCombinedBumpFee(…).
254      virtual std::map<COutPoint, CAmount> calculateIndividualBumpFees(const std::vector<COutPoint>& outpoints, const CFeeRate& target_feerate) = 0;
255  
256      //! Calculate the combined bump fee for an input set per the same strategy
257      //  as in CalculateIndividualBumpFees(…).
258      //  Unlike CalculateIndividualBumpFees(…), this does not return individual
259      //  bump fees per outpoint, but a single bump fee for the shared ancestry.
260      //  The combined bump fee may be used to correct overestimation due to
261      //  shared ancestry by multiple UTXOs after coin selection.
262      virtual std::optional<CAmount> calculateCombinedBumpFee(const std::vector<COutPoint>& outpoints, const CFeeRate& target_feerate) = 0;
263  
264      //! Get the node's package limits.
265      //! Currently only returns the ancestor and descendant count limits, but could be enhanced to
266      //! return more policy settings.
267      virtual void getPackageLimits(unsigned int& limit_ancestor_count, unsigned int& limit_descendant_count) = 0;
268  
269      //! Check if transaction will pass the mempool's chain limits.
270      virtual util::Result<void> checkChainLimits(const CTransactionRef& tx) = 0;
271  
272      //! Estimate smart fee.
273      virtual CFeeRate estimateSmartFee(int num_blocks, bool conservative, FeeCalculation* calc = nullptr) = 0;
274  
275      //! Fee estimator max target.
276      virtual unsigned int estimateMaxBlocks() = 0;
277  
278      //! Mempool minimum fee.
279      virtual CFeeRate mempoolMinFee() = 0;
280  
281      //! Relay current minimum fee (from -minrelaytxfee and -incrementalrelayfee settings).
282      virtual CFeeRate relayMinFee() = 0;
283  
284      //! Relay incremental fee setting (-incrementalrelayfee), reflecting cost of relay.
285      virtual CFeeRate relayIncrementalFee() = 0;
286  
287      //! Relay dust fee setting (-dustrelayfee), reflecting lowest rate it's economical to spend.
288      virtual CFeeRate relayDustFee() = 0;
289  
290      //! Check if any block has been pruned.
291      virtual bool havePruned() = 0;
292  
293      //! Get the current prune height.
294      virtual std::optional<int> getPruneHeight() = 0;
295  
296      //! Check if the node is ready to broadcast transactions.
297      virtual bool isReadyToBroadcast() = 0;
298  
299      //! Check if in IBD.
300      virtual bool isInitialBlockDownload() = 0;
301  
302      //! Check if shutdown requested.
303      virtual bool shutdownRequested() = 0;
304  
305      //! Send init message.
306      virtual void initMessage(const std::string& message) = 0;
307  
308      //! Send init warning.
309      virtual void initWarning(const bilingual_str& message) = 0;
310  
311      //! Send init error.
312      virtual void initError(const bilingual_str& message) = 0;
313  
314      //! Send progress indicator.
315      virtual void showProgress(const std::string& title, int progress, bool resume_possible) = 0;
316  
317      //! Chain notifications.
318      class Notifications
319      {
320      public:
321          virtual ~Notifications() = default;
322          virtual void transactionAddedToMempool(const CTransactionRef& tx) {}
323          virtual void transactionRemovedFromMempool(const CTransactionRef& tx, MemPoolRemovalReason reason) {}
324          virtual void blockConnected(ChainstateRole role, const BlockInfo& block) {}
325          virtual void blockDisconnected(const BlockInfo& block) {}
326          virtual void updatedBlockTip() {}
327          virtual void chainStateFlushed(ChainstateRole role, const CBlockLocator& locator) {}
328      };
329  
330      //! Options specifying which chain notifications are required.
331      struct NotifyOptions
332      {
333          //! Include undo data with block connected notifications.
334          bool connect_undo_data = false;
335          //! Include block data with block disconnected notifications.
336          bool disconnect_data = false;
337          //! Include undo data with block disconnected notifications.
338          bool disconnect_undo_data = false;
339      };
340  
341      //! Register handler for notifications.
342      virtual std::unique_ptr<Handler> handleNotifications(std::shared_ptr<Notifications> notifications) = 0;
343  
344      //! Wait for pending notifications to be processed unless block hash points to the current
345      //! chain tip.
346      virtual void waitForNotificationsIfTipChanged(const uint256& old_tip) = 0;
347  
348      //! Register handler for RPC. Command is not copied, so reference
349      //! needs to remain valid until Handler is disconnected.
350      virtual std::unique_ptr<Handler> handleRpc(const CRPCCommand& command) = 0;
351  
352      //! Check if deprecated RPC is enabled.
353      virtual bool rpcEnableDeprecated(const std::string& method) = 0;
354  
355      //! Get settings value.
356      virtual common::SettingsValue getSetting(const std::string& arg) = 0;
357  
358      //! Get list of settings values.
359      virtual std::vector<common::SettingsValue> getSettingsList(const std::string& arg) = 0;
360  
361      //! Return <datadir>/settings.json setting value.
362      virtual common::SettingsValue getRwSetting(const std::string& name) = 0;
363  
364      //! Updates a setting in <datadir>/settings.json.
365      //! Null can be passed to erase the setting. There is intentionally no
366      //! support for writing null values to settings.json.
367      //! Depending on the action returned by the update function, this will either
368      //! update the setting in memory or write the updated settings to disk.
369      virtual bool updateRwSetting(const std::string& name, const SettingsUpdate& update_function) = 0;
370  
371      //! Replace a setting in <datadir>/settings.json with a new value.
372      //! Null can be passed to erase the setting.
373      //! This method provides a simpler alternative to updateRwSetting when
374      //! atomically reading and updating the setting is not required.
375      virtual bool overwriteRwSetting(const std::string& name, common::SettingsValue value, SettingsAction action = SettingsAction::WRITE) = 0;
376  
377      //! Delete a given setting in <datadir>/settings.json.
378      //! This method provides a simpler alternative to overwriteRwSetting when
379      //! erasing a setting, for ease of use and readability.
380      virtual bool deleteRwSettings(const std::string& name, SettingsAction action = SettingsAction::WRITE) = 0;
381  
382      //! Synchronously send transactionAddedToMempool notifications about all
383      //! current mempool transactions to the specified handler and return after
384      //! the last one is sent. These notifications aren't coordinated with async
385      //! notifications sent by handleNotifications, so out of date async
386      //! notifications from handleNotifications can arrive during and after
387      //! synchronous notifications from requestMempoolTransactions. Clients need
388      //! to be prepared to handle this by ignoring notifications about unknown
389      //! removed transactions and already added new transactions.
390      virtual void requestMempoolTransactions(Notifications& notifications) = 0;
391  
392      //! Return true if an assumed-valid chain is in use.
393      virtual bool hasAssumedValidChain() = 0;
394  
395      //! Get internal node context. Useful for testing, but not
396      //! accessible across processes.
397      virtual node::NodeContext* context() { return nullptr; }
398  };
399  
400  //! Interface to let node manage chain clients (wallets, or maybe tools for
401  //! monitoring and analysis in the future).
402  class ChainClient
403  {
404  public:
405      virtual ~ChainClient() = default;
406  
407      //! Register rpcs.
408      virtual void registerRpcs() = 0;
409  
410      //! Check for errors before loading.
411      virtual bool verify() = 0;
412  
413      //! Load saved state.
414      virtual bool load() = 0;
415  
416      //! Start client execution and provide a scheduler.
417      virtual void start(CScheduler& scheduler) = 0;
418  
419      //! Shut down client.
420      virtual void stop() = 0;
421  
422      //! Set mock time.
423      virtual void setMockTime(int64_t time) = 0;
424  
425      //! Mock the scheduler to fast forward in time.
426      virtual void schedulerMockForward(std::chrono::seconds delta_seconds) = 0;
427  };
428  
429  //! Return implementation of Chain interface.
430  std::unique_ptr<Chain> MakeChain(node::NodeContext& node);
431  
432  } // namespace interfaces
433  
434  #endif // BITCOIN_INTERFACES_CHAIN_H