/ src / script / miniscript.cpp
miniscript.cpp
  1  // Copyright (c) 2019-2022 The Bitcoin Core developers
  2  // Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
  3  // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
  4  
  5  #include <string>
  6  #include <vector>
  7  #include <script/script.h>
  8  #include <script/miniscript.h>
  9  #include <serialize.h>
 10  
 11  #include <assert.h>
 12  
 13  namespace miniscript {
 14  namespace internal {
 15  
 16  Type SanitizeType(Type e) {
 17      int num_types = (e << "K"_mst) + (e << "V"_mst) + (e << "B"_mst) + (e << "W"_mst);
 18      if (num_types == 0) return ""_mst; // No valid type, don't care about the rest
 19      assert(num_types == 1); // K, V, B, W all conflict with each other
 20      assert(!(e << "z"_mst) || !(e << "o"_mst)); // z conflicts with o
 21      assert(!(e << "n"_mst) || !(e << "z"_mst)); // n conflicts with z
 22      assert(!(e << "n"_mst) || !(e << "W"_mst)); // n conflicts with W
 23      assert(!(e << "V"_mst) || !(e << "d"_mst)); // V conflicts with d
 24      assert(!(e << "K"_mst) ||  (e << "u"_mst)); // K implies u
 25      assert(!(e << "V"_mst) || !(e << "u"_mst)); // V conflicts with u
 26      assert(!(e << "e"_mst) || !(e << "f"_mst)); // e conflicts with f
 27      assert(!(e << "e"_mst) ||  (e << "d"_mst)); // e implies d
 28      assert(!(e << "V"_mst) || !(e << "e"_mst)); // V conflicts with e
 29      assert(!(e << "d"_mst) || !(e << "f"_mst)); // d conflicts with f
 30      assert(!(e << "V"_mst) ||  (e << "f"_mst)); // V implies f
 31      assert(!(e << "K"_mst) ||  (e << "s"_mst)); // K implies s
 32      assert(!(e << "z"_mst) ||  (e << "m"_mst)); // z implies m
 33      return e;
 34  }
 35  
 36  Type ComputeType(Fragment fragment, Type x, Type y, Type z, const std::vector<Type>& sub_types, uint32_t k,
 37                   size_t data_size, size_t n_subs, size_t n_keys, MiniscriptContext ms_ctx) {
 38      // Sanity check on data
 39      if (fragment == Fragment::SHA256 || fragment == Fragment::HASH256) {
 40          assert(data_size == 32);
 41      } else if (fragment == Fragment::RIPEMD160 || fragment == Fragment::HASH160) {
 42          assert(data_size == 20);
 43      } else {
 44          assert(data_size == 0);
 45      }
 46      // Sanity check on k
 47      if (fragment == Fragment::OLDER || fragment == Fragment::AFTER) {
 48          assert(k >= 1 && k < 0x80000000UL);
 49      } else if (fragment == Fragment::MULTI || fragment == Fragment::MULTI_A) {
 50          assert(k >= 1 && k <= n_keys);
 51      } else if (fragment == Fragment::THRESH) {
 52          assert(k >= 1 && k <= n_subs);
 53      } else {
 54          assert(k == 0);
 55      }
 56      // Sanity check on subs
 57      if (fragment == Fragment::AND_V || fragment == Fragment::AND_B || fragment == Fragment::OR_B ||
 58          fragment == Fragment::OR_C || fragment == Fragment::OR_I || fragment == Fragment::OR_D) {
 59          assert(n_subs == 2);
 60      } else if (fragment == Fragment::ANDOR) {
 61          assert(n_subs == 3);
 62      } else if (fragment == Fragment::WRAP_A || fragment == Fragment::WRAP_S || fragment == Fragment::WRAP_C ||
 63                 fragment == Fragment::WRAP_D || fragment == Fragment::WRAP_V || fragment == Fragment::WRAP_J ||
 64                 fragment == Fragment::WRAP_N) {
 65          assert(n_subs == 1);
 66      } else if (fragment != Fragment::THRESH) {
 67          assert(n_subs == 0);
 68      }
 69      // Sanity check on keys
 70      if (fragment == Fragment::PK_K || fragment == Fragment::PK_H) {
 71          assert(n_keys == 1);
 72      } else if (fragment == Fragment::MULTI) {
 73          assert(n_keys >= 1 && n_keys <= MAX_PUBKEYS_PER_MULTISIG);
 74          assert(!IsTapscript(ms_ctx));
 75      } else if (fragment == Fragment::MULTI_A) {
 76          assert(n_keys >= 1 && n_keys <= MAX_PUBKEYS_PER_MULTI_A);
 77          assert(IsTapscript(ms_ctx));
 78      } else {
 79          assert(n_keys == 0);
 80      }
 81  
 82      // Below is the per-fragment logic for computing the expression types.
 83      // It heavily relies on Type's << operator (where "X << a_mst" means
 84      // "X has all properties listed in a").
 85      switch (fragment) {
 86          case Fragment::PK_K: return "Konudemsxk"_mst;
 87          case Fragment::PK_H: return "Knudemsxk"_mst;
 88          case Fragment::OLDER: return
 89              "g"_mst.If(k & CTxIn::SEQUENCE_LOCKTIME_TYPE_FLAG) |
 90              "h"_mst.If(!(k & CTxIn::SEQUENCE_LOCKTIME_TYPE_FLAG)) |
 91              "Bzfmxk"_mst;
 92          case Fragment::AFTER: return
 93              "i"_mst.If(k >= LOCKTIME_THRESHOLD) |
 94              "j"_mst.If(k < LOCKTIME_THRESHOLD) |
 95              "Bzfmxk"_mst;
 96          case Fragment::SHA256: return "Bonudmk"_mst;
 97          case Fragment::RIPEMD160: return "Bonudmk"_mst;
 98          case Fragment::HASH256: return "Bonudmk"_mst;
 99          case Fragment::HASH160: return "Bonudmk"_mst;
100          case Fragment::JUST_1: return "Bzufmxk"_mst;
101          case Fragment::JUST_0: return "Bzudemsxk"_mst;
102          case Fragment::WRAP_A: return
103              "W"_mst.If(x << "B"_mst) | // W=B_x
104              (x & "ghijk"_mst) | // g=g_x, h=h_x, i=i_x, j=j_x, k=k_x
105              (x & "udfems"_mst) | // u=u_x, d=d_x, f=f_x, e=e_x, m=m_x, s=s_x
106              "x"_mst; // x
107          case Fragment::WRAP_S: return
108              "W"_mst.If(x << "Bo"_mst) | // W=B_x*o_x
109              (x & "ghijk"_mst) | // g=g_x, h=h_x, i=i_x, j=j_x, k=k_x
110              (x & "udfemsx"_mst); // u=u_x, d=d_x, f=f_x, e=e_x, m=m_x, s=s_x, x=x_x
111          case Fragment::WRAP_C: return
112              "B"_mst.If(x << "K"_mst) | // B=K_x
113              (x & "ghijk"_mst) | // g=g_x, h=h_x, i=i_x, j=j_x, k=k_x
114              (x & "ondfem"_mst) | // o=o_x, n=n_x, d=d_x, f=f_x, e=e_x, m=m_x
115              "us"_mst; // u, s
116          case Fragment::WRAP_D: return
117              "B"_mst.If(x << "Vz"_mst) | // B=V_x*z_x
118              "o"_mst.If(x << "z"_mst) | // o=z_x
119              "e"_mst.If(x << "f"_mst) | // e=f_x
120              (x & "ghijk"_mst) | // g=g_x, h=h_x, i=i_x, j=j_x, k=k_x
121              (x & "ms"_mst) | // m=m_x, s=s_x
122              // NOTE: 'd:' is 'u' under Tapscript but not P2WSH as MINIMALIF is only a policy rule there.
123              "u"_mst.If(IsTapscript(ms_ctx)) |
124              "ndx"_mst; // n, d, x
125          case Fragment::WRAP_V: return
126              "V"_mst.If(x << "B"_mst) | // V=B_x
127              (x & "ghijk"_mst) | // g=g_x, h=h_x, i=i_x, j=j_x, k=k_x
128              (x & "zonms"_mst) | // z=z_x, o=o_x, n=n_x, m=m_x, s=s_x
129              "fx"_mst; // f, x
130          case Fragment::WRAP_J: return
131              "B"_mst.If(x << "Bn"_mst) | // B=B_x*n_x
132              "e"_mst.If(x << "f"_mst) | // e=f_x
133              (x & "ghijk"_mst) | // g=g_x, h=h_x, i=i_x, j=j_x, k=k_x
134              (x & "oums"_mst) | // o=o_x, u=u_x, m=m_x, s=s_x
135              "ndx"_mst; // n, d, x
136          case Fragment::WRAP_N: return
137              (x & "ghijk"_mst) | // g=g_x, h=h_x, i=i_x, j=j_x, k=k_x
138              (x & "Bzondfems"_mst) | // B=B_x, z=z_x, o=o_x, n=n_x, d=d_x, f=f_x, e=e_x, m=m_x, s=s_x
139              "ux"_mst; // u, x
140          case Fragment::AND_V: return
141              (y & "KVB"_mst).If(x << "V"_mst) | // B=V_x*B_y, V=V_x*V_y, K=V_x*K_y
142              (x & "n"_mst) | (y & "n"_mst).If(x << "z"_mst) | // n=n_x+z_x*n_y
143              ((x | y) & "o"_mst).If((x | y) << "z"_mst) | // o=o_x*z_y+z_x*o_y
144              (x & y & "dmz"_mst) | // d=d_x*d_y, m=m_x*m_y, z=z_x*z_y
145              ((x | y) & "s"_mst) | // s=s_x+s_y
146              "f"_mst.If((y << "f"_mst) || (x << "s"_mst)) | // f=f_y+s_x
147              (y & "ux"_mst) | // u=u_y, x=x_y
148              ((x | y) & "ghij"_mst) | // g=g_x+g_y, h=h_x+h_y, i=i_x+i_y, j=j_x+j_y
149              "k"_mst.If(((x & y) << "k"_mst) &&
150                  !(((x << "g"_mst) && (y << "h"_mst)) ||
151                  ((x << "h"_mst) && (y << "g"_mst)) ||
152                  ((x << "i"_mst) && (y << "j"_mst)) ||
153                  ((x << "j"_mst) && (y << "i"_mst)))); // k=k_x*k_y*!(g_x*h_y + h_x*g_y + i_x*j_y + j_x*i_y)
154          case Fragment::AND_B: return
155              (x & "B"_mst).If(y << "W"_mst) | // B=B_x*W_y
156              ((x | y) & "o"_mst).If((x | y) << "z"_mst) | // o=o_x*z_y+z_x*o_y
157              (x & "n"_mst) | (y & "n"_mst).If(x << "z"_mst) | // n=n_x+z_x*n_y
158              (x & y & "e"_mst).If((x & y) << "s"_mst) | // e=e_x*e_y*s_x*s_y
159              (x & y & "dzm"_mst) | // d=d_x*d_y, z=z_x*z_y, m=m_x*m_y
160              "f"_mst.If(((x & y) << "f"_mst) || (x << "sf"_mst) || (y << "sf"_mst)) | // f=f_x*f_y + f_x*s_x + f_y*s_y
161              ((x | y) & "s"_mst) | // s=s_x+s_y
162              "ux"_mst | // u, x
163              ((x | y) & "ghij"_mst) | // g=g_x+g_y, h=h_x+h_y, i=i_x+i_y, j=j_x+j_y
164              "k"_mst.If(((x & y) << "k"_mst) &&
165                  !(((x << "g"_mst) && (y << "h"_mst)) ||
166                  ((x << "h"_mst) && (y << "g"_mst)) ||
167                  ((x << "i"_mst) && (y << "j"_mst)) ||
168                  ((x << "j"_mst) && (y << "i"_mst)))); // k=k_x*k_y*!(g_x*h_y + h_x*g_y + i_x*j_y + j_x*i_y)
169          case Fragment::OR_B: return
170              "B"_mst.If(x << "Bd"_mst && y << "Wd"_mst) | // B=B_x*d_x*W_x*d_y
171              ((x | y) & "o"_mst).If((x | y) << "z"_mst) | // o=o_x*z_y+z_x*o_y
172              (x & y & "m"_mst).If((x | y) << "s"_mst && (x & y) << "e"_mst) | // m=m_x*m_y*e_x*e_y*(s_x+s_y)
173              (x & y & "zse"_mst) | // z=z_x*z_y, s=s_x*s_y, e=e_x*e_y
174              "dux"_mst | // d, u, x
175              ((x | y) & "ghij"_mst) | // g=g_x+g_y, h=h_x+h_y, i=i_x+i_y, j=j_x+j_y
176              (x & y & "k"_mst); // k=k_x*k_y
177          case Fragment::OR_D: return
178              (y & "B"_mst).If(x << "Bdu"_mst) | // B=B_y*B_x*d_x*u_x
179              (x & "o"_mst).If(y << "z"_mst) | // o=o_x*z_y
180              (x & y & "m"_mst).If(x << "e"_mst && (x | y) << "s"_mst) | // m=m_x*m_y*e_x*(s_x+s_y)
181              (x & y & "zs"_mst) | // z=z_x*z_y, s=s_x*s_y
182              (y & "ufde"_mst) | // u=u_y, f=f_y, d=d_y, e=e_y
183              "x"_mst | // x
184              ((x | y) & "ghij"_mst) | // g=g_x+g_y, h=h_x+h_y, i=i_x+i_y, j=j_x+j_y
185              (x & y & "k"_mst); // k=k_x*k_y
186          case Fragment::OR_C: return
187              (y & "V"_mst).If(x << "Bdu"_mst) | // V=V_y*B_x*u_x*d_x
188              (x & "o"_mst).If(y << "z"_mst) | // o=o_x*z_y
189              (x & y & "m"_mst).If(x << "e"_mst && (x | y) << "s"_mst) | // m=m_x*m_y*e_x*(s_x+s_y)
190              (x & y & "zs"_mst) | // z=z_x*z_y, s=s_x*s_y
191              "fx"_mst | // f, x
192              ((x | y) & "ghij"_mst) | // g=g_x+g_y, h=h_x+h_y, i=i_x+i_y, j=j_x+j_y
193              (x & y & "k"_mst); // k=k_x*k_y
194          case Fragment::OR_I: return
195              (x & y & "VBKufs"_mst) | // V=V_x*V_y, B=B_x*B_y, K=K_x*K_y, u=u_x*u_y, f=f_x*f_y, s=s_x*s_y
196              "o"_mst.If((x & y) << "z"_mst) | // o=z_x*z_y
197              ((x | y) & "e"_mst).If((x | y) << "f"_mst) | // e=e_x*f_y+f_x*e_y
198              (x & y & "m"_mst).If((x | y) << "s"_mst) | // m=m_x*m_y*(s_x+s_y)
199              ((x | y) & "d"_mst) | // d=d_x+d_y
200              "x"_mst | // x
201              ((x | y) & "ghij"_mst) | // g=g_x+g_y, h=h_x+h_y, i=i_x+i_y, j=j_x+j_y
202              (x & y & "k"_mst); // k=k_x*k_y
203          case Fragment::ANDOR: return
204              (y & z & "BKV"_mst).If(x << "Bdu"_mst) | // B=B_x*d_x*u_x*B_y*B_z, K=B_x*d_x*u_x*K_y*K_z, V=B_x*d_x*u_x*V_y*V_z
205              (x & y & z & "z"_mst) | // z=z_x*z_y*z_z
206              ((x | (y & z)) & "o"_mst).If((x | (y & z)) << "z"_mst) | // o=o_x*z_y*z_z+z_x*o_y*o_z
207              (y & z & "u"_mst) | // u=u_y*u_z
208              (z & "f"_mst).If((x << "s"_mst) || (y << "f"_mst)) | // f=(s_x+f_y)*f_z
209              (z & "d"_mst) | // d=d_z
210              (z & "e"_mst).If(x << "s"_mst || y << "f"_mst) | // e=e_z*(s_x+f_y)
211              (x & y & z & "m"_mst).If(x << "e"_mst && (x | y | z) << "s"_mst) | // m=m_x*m_y*m_z*e_x*(s_x+s_y+s_z)
212              (z & (x | y) & "s"_mst) | // s=s_z*(s_x+s_y)
213              "x"_mst | // x
214              ((x | y | z) & "ghij"_mst) | // g=g_x+g_y+g_z, h=h_x+h_y+h_z, i=i_x+i_y+i_z, j=j_x+j_y_j_z
215              "k"_mst.If(((x & y & z) << "k"_mst) &&
216                  !(((x << "g"_mst) && (y << "h"_mst)) ||
217                  ((x << "h"_mst) && (y << "g"_mst)) ||
218                  ((x << "i"_mst) && (y << "j"_mst)) ||
219                  ((x << "j"_mst) && (y << "i"_mst)))); // k=k_x*k_y*k_z* !(g_x*h_y + h_x*g_y + i_x*j_y + j_x*i_y)
220          case Fragment::MULTI: {
221              return "Bnudemsk"_mst;
222          }
223          case Fragment::MULTI_A: {
224              return "Budemsk"_mst;
225          }
226          case Fragment::THRESH: {
227              bool all_e = true;
228              bool all_m = true;
229              uint32_t args = 0;
230              uint32_t num_s = 0;
231              Type acc_tl = "k"_mst;
232              for (size_t i = 0; i < sub_types.size(); ++i) {
233                  Type t = sub_types[i];
234                  if (!(t << (i ? "Wdu"_mst : "Bdu"_mst))) return ""_mst; // Require Bdu, Wdu, Wdu, ...
235                  if (!(t << "e"_mst)) all_e = false;
236                  if (!(t << "m"_mst)) all_m = false;
237                  if (t << "s"_mst) num_s += 1;
238                  args += (t << "z"_mst) ? 0 : (t << "o"_mst) ? 1 : 2;
239                  acc_tl = ((acc_tl | t) & "ghij"_mst) |
240                      // Thresh contains a combination of timelocks if it has threshold > 1 and
241                      // it contains two different children that have different types of timelocks
242                      // Note how if any of the children don't have "k", the parent also does not have "k"
243                      "k"_mst.If(((acc_tl & t) << "k"_mst) && ((k <= 1) ||
244                          ((k > 1) && !(((acc_tl << "g"_mst) && (t << "h"_mst)) ||
245                          ((acc_tl << "h"_mst) && (t << "g"_mst)) ||
246                          ((acc_tl << "i"_mst) && (t << "j"_mst)) ||
247                          ((acc_tl << "j"_mst) && (t << "i"_mst))))));
248              }
249              return "Bdu"_mst |
250                     "z"_mst.If(args == 0) | // z=all z
251                     "o"_mst.If(args == 1) | // o=all z except one o
252                     "e"_mst.If(all_e && num_s == n_subs) | // e=all e and all s
253                     "m"_mst.If(all_e && all_m && num_s >= n_subs - k) | // m=all e, >=(n-k) s
254                     "s"_mst.If(num_s >= n_subs - k + 1) |  // s= >=(n-k+1) s
255                     acc_tl; // timelock info
256              }
257      }
258      assert(false);
259  }
260  
261  size_t ComputeScriptLen(Fragment fragment, Type sub0typ, size_t subsize, uint32_t k, size_t n_subs,
262                          size_t n_keys, MiniscriptContext ms_ctx) {
263      switch (fragment) {
264          case Fragment::JUST_1:
265          case Fragment::JUST_0: return 1;
266          case Fragment::PK_K: return IsTapscript(ms_ctx) ? 33 : 34;
267          case Fragment::PK_H: return 3 + 21;
268          case Fragment::OLDER:
269          case Fragment::AFTER: return 1 + BuildScript(k).size();
270          case Fragment::HASH256:
271          case Fragment::SHA256: return 4 + 2 + 33;
272          case Fragment::HASH160:
273          case Fragment::RIPEMD160: return 4 + 2 + 21;
274          case Fragment::MULTI: return 1 + BuildScript(n_keys).size() + BuildScript(k).size() + 34 * n_keys;
275          case Fragment::MULTI_A: return (1 + 32 + 1) * n_keys + BuildScript(k).size() + 1;
276          case Fragment::AND_V: return subsize;
277          case Fragment::WRAP_V: return subsize + (sub0typ << "x"_mst);
278          case Fragment::WRAP_S:
279          case Fragment::WRAP_C:
280          case Fragment::WRAP_N:
281          case Fragment::AND_B:
282          case Fragment::OR_B: return subsize + 1;
283          case Fragment::WRAP_A:
284          case Fragment::OR_C: return subsize + 2;
285          case Fragment::WRAP_D:
286          case Fragment::OR_D:
287          case Fragment::OR_I:
288          case Fragment::ANDOR: return subsize + 3;
289          case Fragment::WRAP_J: return subsize + 4;
290          case Fragment::THRESH: return subsize + n_subs + BuildScript(k).size();
291      }
292      assert(false);
293  }
294  
295  InputStack& InputStack::SetAvailable(Availability avail) {
296      available = avail;
297      if (avail == Availability::NO) {
298          stack.clear();
299          size = std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max();
300          has_sig = false;
301          malleable = false;
302          non_canon = false;
303      }
304      return *this;
305  }
306  
307  InputStack& InputStack::SetWithSig() {
308      has_sig = true;
309      return *this;
310  }
311  
312  InputStack& InputStack::SetNonCanon() {
313      non_canon = true;
314      return *this;
315  }
316  
317  InputStack& InputStack::SetMalleable(bool x) {
318      malleable = x;
319      return *this;
320  }
321  
322  InputStack operator+(InputStack a, InputStack b) {
323      a.stack = Cat(std::move(a.stack), std::move(b.stack));
324      if (a.available != Availability::NO && b.available != Availability::NO) a.size += b.size;
325      a.has_sig |= b.has_sig;
326      a.malleable |= b.malleable;
327      a.non_canon |= b.non_canon;
328      if (a.available == Availability::NO || b.available == Availability::NO) {
329          a.SetAvailable(Availability::NO);
330      } else if (a.available == Availability::MAYBE || b.available == Availability::MAYBE) {
331          a.SetAvailable(Availability::MAYBE);
332      }
333      return a;
334  }
335  
336  InputStack operator|(InputStack a, InputStack b) {
337      // If only one is invalid, pick the other one. If both are invalid, pick an arbitrary one.
338      if (a.available == Availability::NO) return b;
339      if (b.available == Availability::NO) return a;
340      // If only one of the solutions has a signature, we must pick the other one.
341      if (!a.has_sig && b.has_sig) return a;
342      if (!b.has_sig && a.has_sig) return b;
343      if (!a.has_sig && !b.has_sig) {
344          // If neither solution requires a signature, the result is inevitably malleable.
345          a.malleable = true;
346          b.malleable = true;
347      } else {
348          // If both options require a signature, prefer the non-malleable one.
349          if (b.malleable && !a.malleable) return a;
350          if (a.malleable && !b.malleable) return b;
351      }
352      // Between two malleable or two non-malleable solutions, pick the smaller one between
353      // YESes, and the bigger ones between MAYBEs. Prefer YES over MAYBE.
354      if (a.available == Availability::YES && b.available == Availability::YES) {
355          return std::move(a.size <= b.size ? a : b);
356      } else if (a.available == Availability::MAYBE && b.available == Availability::MAYBE) {
357          return std::move(a.size >= b.size ? a : b);
358      } else if (a.available == Availability::YES) {
359          return a;
360      } else {
361          return b;
362      }
363  }
364  
365  std::optional<std::vector<Opcode>> DecomposeScript(const CScript& script)
366  {
367      std::vector<Opcode> out;
368      CScript::const_iterator it = script.begin(), itend = script.end();
369      while (it != itend) {
370          std::vector<unsigned char> push_data;
371          opcodetype opcode;
372          if (!script.GetOp(it, opcode, push_data)) {
373              return {};
374          } else if (opcode >= OP_1 && opcode <= OP_16) {
375              // Deal with OP_n (GetOp does not turn them into pushes).
376              push_data.assign(1, CScript::DecodeOP_N(opcode));
377          } else if (opcode == OP_CHECKSIGVERIFY) {
378              // Decompose OP_CHECKSIGVERIFY into OP_CHECKSIG OP_VERIFY
379              out.emplace_back(OP_CHECKSIG, std::vector<unsigned char>());
380              opcode = OP_VERIFY;
381          } else if (opcode == OP_CHECKMULTISIGVERIFY) {
382              // Decompose OP_CHECKMULTISIGVERIFY into OP_CHECKMULTISIG OP_VERIFY
383              out.emplace_back(OP_CHECKMULTISIG, std::vector<unsigned char>());
384              opcode = OP_VERIFY;
385          } else if (opcode == OP_EQUALVERIFY) {
386              // Decompose OP_EQUALVERIFY into OP_EQUAL OP_VERIFY
387              out.emplace_back(OP_EQUAL, std::vector<unsigned char>());
388              opcode = OP_VERIFY;
389          } else if (opcode == OP_NUMEQUALVERIFY) {
390              // Decompose OP_NUMEQUALVERIFY into OP_NUMEQUAL OP_VERIFY
391              out.emplace_back(OP_NUMEQUAL, std::vector<unsigned char>());
392              opcode = OP_VERIFY;
393          } else if (IsPushdataOp(opcode)) {
394              if (!CheckMinimalPush(push_data, opcode)) return {};
395          } else if (it != itend && (opcode == OP_CHECKSIG || opcode == OP_CHECKMULTISIG || opcode == OP_EQUAL || opcode == OP_NUMEQUAL) && (*it == OP_VERIFY)) {
396              // Rule out non minimal VERIFY sequences
397              return {};
398          }
399          out.emplace_back(opcode, std::move(push_data));
400      }
401      std::reverse(out.begin(), out.end());
402      return out;
403  }
404  
405  std::optional<int64_t> ParseScriptNumber(const Opcode& in) {
406      if (in.first == OP_0) {
407          return 0;
408      }
409      if (!in.second.empty()) {
410          if (IsPushdataOp(in.first) && !CheckMinimalPush(in.second, in.first)) return {};
411          try {
412              return CScriptNum(in.second, true).GetInt64();
413          } catch(const scriptnum_error&) {}
414      }
415      return {};
416  }
417  
418  int FindNextChar(Span<const char> sp, const char m)
419  {
420      for (int i = 0; i < (int)sp.size(); ++i) {
421          if (sp[i] == m) return i;
422          // We only search within the current parentheses
423          if (sp[i] == ')') break;
424      }
425      return -1;
426  }
427  
428  } // namespace internal
429  } // namespace miniscript