/ src / txrequest.cpp
txrequest.cpp
  1  // Copyright (c) 2020-present The Bitcoin Core developers
  2  // Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
  3  // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
  4  
  5  #include <txrequest.h>
  6  
  7  #include <crypto/siphash.h>
  8  #include <net.h>
  9  #include <primitives/transaction.h>
 10  #include <random.h>
 11  #include <uint256.h>
 12  
 13  #include <boost/multi_index/indexed_by.hpp>
 14  #include <boost/multi_index/ordered_index.hpp>
 15  #include <boost/multi_index/sequenced_index.hpp>
 16  #include <boost/multi_index/tag.hpp>
 17  #include <boost/multi_index_container.hpp>
 18  #include <boost/tuple/tuple.hpp>
 19  
 20  #include <chrono>
 21  #include <unordered_map>
 22  #include <utility>
 23  
 24  #include <cassert>
 25  
 26  namespace {
 27  
 28  /** The various states a (txhash,peer) pair can be in.
 29   *
 30   * Note that CANDIDATE is split up into 3 substates (DELAYED, BEST, READY), allowing more efficient implementation.
 31   * Also note that the sorting order of ByTxHashView relies on the specific order of values in this enum.
 32   *
 33   * Expected behaviour is:
 34   *   - When first announced by a peer, the state is CANDIDATE_DELAYED until reqtime is reached.
 35   *   - Announcements that have reached their reqtime but not been requested will be either CANDIDATE_READY or
 36   *     CANDIDATE_BEST. Neither of those has an expiration time; they remain in that state until they're requested or
 37   *     no longer needed. CANDIDATE_READY announcements are promoted to CANDIDATE_BEST when they're the best one left.
 38   *   - When requested, an announcement will be in state REQUESTED until expiry is reached.
 39   *   - If expiry is reached, or the peer replies to the request (either with NOTFOUND or the tx), the state becomes
 40   *     COMPLETED.
 41   */
 42  enum class State : uint8_t {
 43      /** A CANDIDATE announcement whose reqtime is in the future. */
 44      CANDIDATE_DELAYED,
 45      /** A CANDIDATE announcement that's not CANDIDATE_DELAYED or CANDIDATE_BEST. */
 46      CANDIDATE_READY,
 47      /** The best CANDIDATE for a given txhash; only if there is no REQUESTED announcement already for that txhash.
 48       *  The CANDIDATE_BEST is the highest-priority announcement among all CANDIDATE_READY (and _BEST) ones for that
 49       *  txhash. */
 50      CANDIDATE_BEST,
 51      /** A REQUESTED announcement. */
 52      REQUESTED,
 53      /** A COMPLETED announcement. */
 54      COMPLETED,
 55  };
 56  
 57  //! Type alias for sequence numbers.
 58  using SequenceNumber = uint64_t;
 59  
 60  /** An announcement. This is the data we track for each txid or wtxid that is announced to us by each peer. */
 61  struct Announcement {
 62      /** Txid or wtxid that was announced. */
 63      const GenTxid m_gtxid;
 64      /** For CANDIDATE_{DELAYED,BEST,READY} the reqtime; for REQUESTED the expiry. */
 65      std::chrono::microseconds m_time;
 66      /** What peer the request was from. */
 67      const NodeId m_peer;
 68      /** What sequence number this announcement has. */
 69      const SequenceNumber m_sequence : 59;
 70      /** Whether the request is preferred. */
 71      const bool m_preferred : 1;
 72      /** What state this announcement is in. */
 73      State m_state : 3 {State::CANDIDATE_DELAYED};
 74      State GetState() const { return m_state; }
 75      void SetState(State state) { m_state = state; }
 76  
 77      /** Whether this announcement is selected. There can be at most 1 selected peer per txhash. */
 78      bool IsSelected() const
 79      {
 80          return GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_BEST || GetState() == State::REQUESTED;
 81      }
 82  
 83      /** Whether this announcement is waiting for a certain time to pass. */
 84      bool IsWaiting() const
 85      {
 86          return GetState() == State::REQUESTED || GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_DELAYED;
 87      }
 88  
 89      /** Whether this announcement can feasibly be selected if the current IsSelected() one disappears. */
 90      bool IsSelectable() const
 91      {
 92          return GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_READY || GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_BEST;
 93      }
 94  
 95      /** Construct a new announcement from scratch, initially in CANDIDATE_DELAYED state. */
 96      Announcement(const GenTxid& gtxid, NodeId peer, bool preferred, std::chrono::microseconds reqtime,
 97                   SequenceNumber sequence)
 98          : m_gtxid(gtxid), m_time(reqtime), m_peer(peer), m_sequence(sequence), m_preferred(preferred) {}
 99  };
100  
101  //! Type alias for priorities.
102  using Priority = uint64_t;
103  
104  /** A functor with embedded salt that computes priority of an announcement.
105   *
106   * Higher priorities are selected first.
107   */
108  class PriorityComputer {
109      const uint64_t m_k0, m_k1;
110  public:
111      explicit PriorityComputer(bool deterministic) :
112          m_k0{deterministic ? 0 : FastRandomContext().rand64()},
113          m_k1{deterministic ? 0 : FastRandomContext().rand64()} {}
114  
115      Priority operator()(const uint256& txhash, NodeId peer, bool preferred) const
116      {
117          uint64_t low_bits = CSipHasher(m_k0, m_k1).Write(txhash).Write(peer).Finalize() >> 1;
118          return low_bits | uint64_t{preferred} << 63;
119      }
120  
121      Priority operator()(const Announcement& ann) const
122      {
123          return operator()(ann.m_gtxid.ToUint256(), ann.m_peer, ann.m_preferred);
124      }
125  };
126  
127  // Definitions for the 3 indexes used in the main data structure.
128  //
129  // Each index has a By* type to identify it, a By*View data type to represent the view of announcement it is sorted
130  // by, and an By*ViewExtractor type to convert an announcement into the By*View type.
131  // See https://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_58_0/libs/multi_index/doc/reference/key_extraction.html#key_extractors
132  // for more information about the key extraction concept.
133  
134  // The ByPeer index is sorted by (peer, state == CANDIDATE_BEST, txhash)
135  //
136  // Uses:
137  // * Looking up existing announcements by peer/txhash, by checking both (peer, false, txhash) and
138  //   (peer, true, txhash).
139  // * Finding all CANDIDATE_BEST announcements for a given peer in GetRequestable.
140  struct ByPeer {};
141  using ByPeerView = std::tuple<NodeId, bool, const uint256&>;
142  struct ByPeerViewExtractor
143  {
144      using result_type = ByPeerView;
145      result_type operator()(const Announcement& ann) const
146      {
147          return ByPeerView{ann.m_peer, ann.GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_BEST, ann.m_gtxid.ToUint256()};
148      }
149  };
150  
151  // The ByTxHash index is sorted by (txhash, state, priority).
152  //
153  // Note: priority == 0 whenever state != CANDIDATE_READY.
154  //
155  // Uses:
156  // * Deleting all announcements with a given txhash in ForgetTxHash.
157  // * Finding the best CANDIDATE_READY to convert to CANDIDATE_BEST, when no other CANDIDATE_READY or REQUESTED
158  //   announcement exists for that txhash.
159  // * Determining when no more non-COMPLETED announcements for a given txhash exist, so the COMPLETED ones can be
160  //   deleted.
161  struct ByTxHash {};
162  using ByTxHashView = std::tuple<const uint256&, State, Priority>;
163  class ByTxHashViewExtractor {
164      const PriorityComputer& m_computer;
165  public:
166      explicit ByTxHashViewExtractor(const PriorityComputer& computer) : m_computer(computer) {}
167      using result_type = ByTxHashView;
168      result_type operator()(const Announcement& ann) const
169      {
170          const Priority prio = (ann.GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_READY) ? m_computer(ann) : 0;
171          return ByTxHashView{ann.m_gtxid.ToUint256(), ann.GetState(), prio};
172      }
173  };
174  
175  enum class WaitState {
176      //! Used for announcements that need efficient testing of "is their timestamp in the future?".
177      FUTURE_EVENT,
178      //! Used for announcements whose timestamp is not relevant.
179      NO_EVENT,
180      //! Used for announcements that need efficient testing of "is their timestamp in the past?".
181      PAST_EVENT,
182  };
183  
184  WaitState GetWaitState(const Announcement& ann)
185  {
186      if (ann.IsWaiting()) return WaitState::FUTURE_EVENT;
187      if (ann.IsSelectable()) return WaitState::PAST_EVENT;
188      return WaitState::NO_EVENT;
189  }
190  
191  // The ByTime index is sorted by (wait_state, time).
192  //
193  // All announcements with a timestamp in the future can be found by iterating the index forward from the beginning.
194  // All announcements with a timestamp in the past can be found by iterating the index backwards from the end.
195  //
196  // Uses:
197  // * Finding CANDIDATE_DELAYED announcements whose reqtime has passed, and REQUESTED announcements whose expiry has
198  //   passed.
199  // * Finding CANDIDATE_READY/BEST announcements whose reqtime is in the future (when the clock time went backwards).
200  struct ByTime {};
201  using ByTimeView = std::pair<WaitState, std::chrono::microseconds>;
202  struct ByTimeViewExtractor
203  {
204      using result_type = ByTimeView;
205      result_type operator()(const Announcement& ann) const
206      {
207          return ByTimeView{GetWaitState(ann), ann.m_time};
208      }
209  };
210  
211  
212  /** Data type for the main data structure (Announcement objects with ByPeer/ByTxHash/ByTime indexes). */
213  using Index = boost::multi_index_container<
214      Announcement,
215      boost::multi_index::indexed_by<
216          boost::multi_index::ordered_unique<boost::multi_index::tag<ByPeer>, ByPeerViewExtractor>,
217          boost::multi_index::ordered_non_unique<boost::multi_index::tag<ByTxHash>, ByTxHashViewExtractor>,
218          boost::multi_index::ordered_non_unique<boost::multi_index::tag<ByTime>, ByTimeViewExtractor>
219      >
220  >;
221  
222  /** Helper type to simplify syntax of iterator types. */
223  template<typename Tag>
224  using Iter = typename Index::index<Tag>::type::iterator;
225  
226  /** Per-peer statistics object. */
227  struct PeerInfo {
228      size_t m_total = 0; //!< Total number of announcements for this peer.
229      size_t m_completed = 0; //!< Number of COMPLETED announcements for this peer.
230      size_t m_requested = 0; //!< Number of REQUESTED announcements for this peer.
231  };
232  
233  /** Per-txhash statistics object. Only used for sanity checking. */
234  struct TxHashInfo
235  {
236      //! Number of CANDIDATE_DELAYED announcements for this txhash.
237      size_t m_candidate_delayed = 0;
238      //! Number of CANDIDATE_READY announcements for this txhash.
239      size_t m_candidate_ready = 0;
240      //! Number of CANDIDATE_BEST announcements for this txhash (at most one).
241      size_t m_candidate_best = 0;
242      //! Number of REQUESTED announcements for this txhash (at most one; mutually exclusive with CANDIDATE_BEST).
243      size_t m_requested = 0;
244      //! The priority of the CANDIDATE_BEST announcement if one exists, or max() otherwise.
245      Priority m_priority_candidate_best = std::numeric_limits<Priority>::max();
246      //! The highest priority of all CANDIDATE_READY announcements (or min() if none exist).
247      Priority m_priority_best_candidate_ready = std::numeric_limits<Priority>::min();
248      //! All peers we have an announcement for this txhash for.
249      std::vector<NodeId> m_peers;
250  };
251  
252  /** Compare two PeerInfo objects. Only used for sanity checking. */
253  bool operator==(const PeerInfo& a, const PeerInfo& b)
254  {
255      return std::tie(a.m_total, a.m_completed, a.m_requested) ==
256             std::tie(b.m_total, b.m_completed, b.m_requested);
257  };
258  
259  /** (Re)compute the PeerInfo map from the index. Only used for sanity checking. */
260  std::unordered_map<NodeId, PeerInfo> RecomputePeerInfo(const Index& index)
261  {
262      std::unordered_map<NodeId, PeerInfo> ret;
263      for (const Announcement& ann : index) {
264          PeerInfo& info = ret[ann.m_peer];
265          ++info.m_total;
266          info.m_requested += (ann.GetState() == State::REQUESTED);
267          info.m_completed += (ann.GetState() == State::COMPLETED);
268      }
269      return ret;
270  }
271  
272  /** Compute the TxHashInfo map. Only used for sanity checking. */
273  std::map<uint256, TxHashInfo> ComputeTxHashInfo(const Index& index, const PriorityComputer& computer)
274  {
275      std::map<uint256, TxHashInfo> ret;
276      for (const Announcement& ann : index) {
277          TxHashInfo& info = ret[ann.m_gtxid.ToUint256()];
278          // Classify how many announcements of each state we have for this txhash.
279          info.m_candidate_delayed += (ann.GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_DELAYED);
280          info.m_candidate_ready += (ann.GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_READY);
281          info.m_candidate_best += (ann.GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_BEST);
282          info.m_requested += (ann.GetState() == State::REQUESTED);
283          // And track the priority of the best CANDIDATE_READY/CANDIDATE_BEST announcements.
284          if (ann.GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_BEST) {
285              info.m_priority_candidate_best = computer(ann);
286          }
287          if (ann.GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_READY) {
288              info.m_priority_best_candidate_ready = std::max(info.m_priority_best_candidate_ready, computer(ann));
289          }
290          // Also keep track of which peers this txhash has an announcement for (so we can detect duplicates).
291          info.m_peers.push_back(ann.m_peer);
292      }
293      return ret;
294  }
295  
296  }  // namespace
297  
298  /** Actual implementation for TxRequestTracker's data structure. */
299  class TxRequestTracker::Impl {
300      //! The current sequence number. Increases for every announcement. This is used to sort txhashes returned by
301      //! GetRequestable in announcement order.
302      SequenceNumber m_current_sequence{0};
303  
304      //! This tracker's priority computer.
305      const PriorityComputer m_computer;
306  
307      //! This tracker's main data structure. See SanityCheck() for the invariants that apply to it.
308      Index m_index;
309  
310      //! Map with this tracker's per-peer statistics.
311      std::unordered_map<NodeId, PeerInfo> m_peerinfo;
312  
313  public:
314      void SanityCheck() const
315      {
316          // Recompute m_peerdata from m_index. This verifies the data in it as it should just be caching statistics
317          // on m_index. It also verifies the invariant that no PeerInfo announcements with m_total==0 exist.
318          assert(m_peerinfo == RecomputePeerInfo(m_index));
319  
320          // Calculate per-txhash statistics from m_index, and validate invariants.
321          for (auto& item : ComputeTxHashInfo(m_index, m_computer)) {
322              TxHashInfo& info = item.second;
323  
324              // Cannot have only COMPLETED peer (txhash should have been forgotten already)
325              assert(info.m_candidate_delayed + info.m_candidate_ready + info.m_candidate_best + info.m_requested > 0);
326  
327              // Can have at most 1 CANDIDATE_BEST/REQUESTED peer
328              assert(info.m_candidate_best + info.m_requested <= 1);
329  
330              // If there are any CANDIDATE_READY announcements, there must be exactly one CANDIDATE_BEST or REQUESTED
331              // announcement.
332              if (info.m_candidate_ready > 0) {
333                  assert(info.m_candidate_best + info.m_requested == 1);
334              }
335  
336              // If there is both a CANDIDATE_READY and a CANDIDATE_BEST announcement, the CANDIDATE_BEST one must be
337              // at least as good (equal or higher priority) as the best CANDIDATE_READY.
338              if (info.m_candidate_ready && info.m_candidate_best) {
339                  assert(info.m_priority_candidate_best >= info.m_priority_best_candidate_ready);
340              }
341  
342              // No txhash can have been announced by the same peer twice.
343              std::sort(info.m_peers.begin(), info.m_peers.end());
344              assert(std::adjacent_find(info.m_peers.begin(), info.m_peers.end()) == info.m_peers.end());
345          }
346      }
347  
348      void PostGetRequestableSanityCheck(std::chrono::microseconds now) const
349      {
350          for (const Announcement& ann : m_index) {
351              if (ann.IsWaiting()) {
352                  // REQUESTED and CANDIDATE_DELAYED must have a time in the future (they should have been converted
353                  // to COMPLETED/CANDIDATE_READY respectively).
354                  assert(ann.m_time > now);
355              } else if (ann.IsSelectable()) {
356                  // CANDIDATE_READY and CANDIDATE_BEST cannot have a time in the future (they should have remained
357                  // CANDIDATE_DELAYED, or should have been converted back to it if time went backwards).
358                  assert(ann.m_time <= now);
359              }
360          }
361      }
362  
363  private:
364      //! Wrapper around Index::...::erase that keeps m_peerinfo up to date.
365      template<typename Tag>
366      Iter<Tag> Erase(Iter<Tag> it)
367      {
368          auto peerit = m_peerinfo.find(it->m_peer);
369          peerit->second.m_completed -= it->GetState() == State::COMPLETED;
370          peerit->second.m_requested -= it->GetState() == State::REQUESTED;
371          if (--peerit->second.m_total == 0) m_peerinfo.erase(peerit);
372          return m_index.get<Tag>().erase(it);
373      }
374  
375      //! Wrapper around Index::...::modify that keeps m_peerinfo up to date.
376      template<typename Tag, typename Modifier>
377      void Modify(Iter<Tag> it, Modifier modifier)
378      {
379          auto peerit = m_peerinfo.find(it->m_peer);
380          peerit->second.m_completed -= it->GetState() == State::COMPLETED;
381          peerit->second.m_requested -= it->GetState() == State::REQUESTED;
382          m_index.get<Tag>().modify(it, std::move(modifier));
383          peerit->second.m_completed += it->GetState() == State::COMPLETED;
384          peerit->second.m_requested += it->GetState() == State::REQUESTED;
385      }
386  
387      //! Convert a CANDIDATE_DELAYED announcement into a CANDIDATE_READY. If this makes it the new best
388      //! CANDIDATE_READY (and no REQUESTED exists) and better than the CANDIDATE_BEST (if any), it becomes the new
389      //! CANDIDATE_BEST.
390      void PromoteCandidateReady(Iter<ByTxHash> it)
391      {
392          assert(it != m_index.get<ByTxHash>().end());
393          assert(it->GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_DELAYED);
394          // Convert CANDIDATE_DELAYED to CANDIDATE_READY first.
395          Modify<ByTxHash>(it, [](Announcement& ann){ ann.SetState(State::CANDIDATE_READY); });
396          // The following code relies on the fact that the ByTxHash is sorted by txhash, and then by state (first
397          // _DELAYED, then _READY, then _BEST/REQUESTED). Within the _READY announcements, the best one (highest
398          // priority) comes last. Thus, if an existing _BEST exists for the same txhash that this announcement may
399          // be preferred over, it must immediately follow the newly created _READY.
400          auto it_next = std::next(it);
401          if (it_next == m_index.get<ByTxHash>().end() || it_next->m_gtxid.ToUint256() != it->m_gtxid.ToUint256() ||
402              it_next->GetState() == State::COMPLETED) {
403              // This is the new best CANDIDATE_READY, and there is no IsSelected() announcement for this txhash
404              // already.
405              Modify<ByTxHash>(it, [](Announcement& ann){ ann.SetState(State::CANDIDATE_BEST); });
406          } else if (it_next->GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_BEST) {
407              Priority priority_old = m_computer(*it_next);
408              Priority priority_new = m_computer(*it);
409              if (priority_new > priority_old) {
410                  // There is a CANDIDATE_BEST announcement already, but this one is better.
411                  Modify<ByTxHash>(it_next, [](Announcement& ann){ ann.SetState(State::CANDIDATE_READY); });
412                  Modify<ByTxHash>(it, [](Announcement& ann){ ann.SetState(State::CANDIDATE_BEST); });
413              }
414          }
415      }
416  
417      //! Change the state of an announcement to something non-IsSelected(). If it was IsSelected(), the next best
418      //! announcement will be marked CANDIDATE_BEST.
419      void ChangeAndReselect(Iter<ByTxHash> it, State new_state)
420      {
421          assert(new_state == State::COMPLETED || new_state == State::CANDIDATE_DELAYED);
422          assert(it != m_index.get<ByTxHash>().end());
423          if (it->IsSelected() && it != m_index.get<ByTxHash>().begin()) {
424              auto it_prev = std::prev(it);
425              // The next best CANDIDATE_READY, if any, immediately precedes the REQUESTED or CANDIDATE_BEST
426              // announcement in the ByTxHash index.
427              if (it_prev->m_gtxid.ToUint256() == it->m_gtxid.ToUint256() && it_prev->GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_READY) {
428                  // If one such CANDIDATE_READY exists (for this txhash), convert it to CANDIDATE_BEST.
429                  Modify<ByTxHash>(it_prev, [](Announcement& ann){ ann.SetState(State::CANDIDATE_BEST); });
430              }
431          }
432          Modify<ByTxHash>(it, [new_state](Announcement& ann){ ann.SetState(new_state); });
433      }
434  
435      //! Check if 'it' is the only announcement for a given txhash that isn't COMPLETED.
436      bool IsOnlyNonCompleted(Iter<ByTxHash> it)
437      {
438          assert(it != m_index.get<ByTxHash>().end());
439          assert(it->GetState() != State::COMPLETED); // Not allowed to call this on COMPLETED announcements.
440  
441          // This announcement has a predecessor that belongs to the same txhash. Due to ordering, and the
442          // fact that 'it' is not COMPLETED, its predecessor cannot be COMPLETED here.
443          if (it != m_index.get<ByTxHash>().begin() && std::prev(it)->m_gtxid.ToUint256() == it->m_gtxid.ToUint256()) return false;
444  
445          // This announcement has a successor that belongs to the same txhash, and is not COMPLETED.
446          if (std::next(it) != m_index.get<ByTxHash>().end() && std::next(it)->m_gtxid.ToUint256() == it->m_gtxid.ToUint256() &&
447              std::next(it)->GetState() != State::COMPLETED) return false;
448  
449          return true;
450      }
451  
452      /** Convert any announcement to a COMPLETED one. If there are no non-COMPLETED announcements left for this
453       *  txhash, they are deleted. If this was a REQUESTED announcement, and there are other CANDIDATEs left, the
454       *  best one is made CANDIDATE_BEST. Returns whether the announcement still exists. */
455      bool MakeCompleted(Iter<ByTxHash> it)
456      {
457          assert(it != m_index.get<ByTxHash>().end());
458  
459          // Nothing to be done if it's already COMPLETED.
460          if (it->GetState() == State::COMPLETED) return true;
461  
462          if (IsOnlyNonCompleted(it)) {
463              // This is the last non-COMPLETED announcement for this txhash. Delete all.
464              uint256 txhash = it->m_gtxid.ToUint256();
465              do {
466                  it = Erase<ByTxHash>(it);
467              } while (it != m_index.get<ByTxHash>().end() && it->m_gtxid.ToUint256() == txhash);
468              return false;
469          }
470  
471          // Mark the announcement COMPLETED, and select the next best announcement (the first CANDIDATE_READY) if
472          // needed.
473          ChangeAndReselect(it, State::COMPLETED);
474  
475          return true;
476      }
477  
478      //! Make the data structure consistent with a given point in time:
479      //! - REQUESTED announcements with expiry <= now are turned into COMPLETED.
480      //! - CANDIDATE_DELAYED announcements with reqtime <= now are turned into CANDIDATE_{READY,BEST}.
481      //! - CANDIDATE_{READY,BEST} announcements with reqtime > now are turned into CANDIDATE_DELAYED.
482      void SetTimePoint(std::chrono::microseconds now, std::vector<std::pair<NodeId, GenTxid>>* expired)
483      {
484          if (expired) expired->clear();
485  
486          // Iterate over all CANDIDATE_DELAYED and REQUESTED from old to new, as long as they're in the past,
487          // and convert them to CANDIDATE_READY and COMPLETED respectively.
488          while (!m_index.empty()) {
489              auto it = m_index.get<ByTime>().begin();
490              if (it->GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_DELAYED && it->m_time <= now) {
491                  PromoteCandidateReady(m_index.project<ByTxHash>(it));
492              } else if (it->GetState() == State::REQUESTED && it->m_time <= now) {
493                  if (expired) expired->emplace_back(it->m_peer, it->m_gtxid);
494                  MakeCompleted(m_index.project<ByTxHash>(it));
495              } else {
496                  break;
497              }
498          }
499  
500          while (!m_index.empty()) {
501              // If time went backwards, we may need to demote CANDIDATE_BEST and CANDIDATE_READY announcements back
502              // to CANDIDATE_DELAYED. This is an unusual edge case, and unlikely to matter in production. However,
503              // it makes it much easier to specify and test TxRequestTracker::Impl's behaviour.
504              auto it = std::prev(m_index.get<ByTime>().end());
505              if (it->IsSelectable() && it->m_time > now) {
506                  ChangeAndReselect(m_index.project<ByTxHash>(it), State::CANDIDATE_DELAYED);
507              } else {
508                  break;
509              }
510          }
511      }
512  
513  public:
514      explicit Impl(bool deterministic) :
515          m_computer(deterministic),
516          // Explicitly initialize m_index as we need to pass a reference to m_computer to ByTxHashViewExtractor.
517          m_index(boost::make_tuple(
518              boost::make_tuple(ByPeerViewExtractor(), std::less<ByPeerView>()),
519              boost::make_tuple(ByTxHashViewExtractor(m_computer), std::less<ByTxHashView>()),
520              boost::make_tuple(ByTimeViewExtractor(), std::less<ByTimeView>())
521          )) {}
522  
523      // Disable copying and assigning (a default copy won't work due the stateful ByTxHashViewExtractor).
524      Impl(const Impl&) = delete;
525      Impl& operator=(const Impl&) = delete;
526  
527      void DisconnectedPeer(NodeId peer)
528      {
529          auto& index = m_index.get<ByPeer>();
530          auto it = index.lower_bound(ByPeerView{peer, false, uint256::ZERO});
531          while (it != index.end() && it->m_peer == peer) {
532              // Check what to continue with after this iteration. 'it' will be deleted in what follows, so we need to
533              // decide what to continue with afterwards. There are a number of cases to consider:
534              // - std::next(it) is end() or belongs to a different peer. In that case, this is the last iteration
535              //   of the loop (denote this by setting it_next to end()).
536              // - 'it' is not the only non-COMPLETED announcement for its txhash. This means it will be deleted, but
537              //   no other Announcement objects will be modified. Continue with std::next(it) if it belongs to the
538              //   same peer, but decide this ahead of time (as 'it' may change position in what follows).
539              // - 'it' is the only non-COMPLETED announcement for its txhash. This means it will be deleted along
540              //   with all other announcements for the same txhash - which may include std::next(it). However, other
541              //   than 'it', no announcements for the same peer can be affected (due to (peer, txhash) uniqueness).
542              //   In other words, the situation where std::next(it) is deleted can only occur if std::next(it)
543              //   belongs to a different peer but the same txhash as 'it'. This is covered by the first bulletpoint
544              //   already, and we'll have set it_next to end().
545              auto it_next = (std::next(it) == index.end() || std::next(it)->m_peer != peer) ? index.end() :
546                  std::next(it);
547              // If the announcement isn't already COMPLETED, first make it COMPLETED (which will mark other
548              // CANDIDATEs as CANDIDATE_BEST, or delete all of a txhash's announcements if no non-COMPLETED ones are
549              // left).
550              if (MakeCompleted(m_index.project<ByTxHash>(it))) {
551                  // Then actually delete the announcement (unless it was already deleted by MakeCompleted).
552                  Erase<ByPeer>(it);
553              }
554              it = it_next;
555          }
556      }
557  
558      void ForgetTxHash(const uint256& txhash)
559      {
560          auto it = m_index.get<ByTxHash>().lower_bound(ByTxHashView{txhash, State::CANDIDATE_DELAYED, 0});
561          while (it != m_index.get<ByTxHash>().end() && it->m_gtxid.ToUint256() == txhash) {
562              it = Erase<ByTxHash>(it);
563          }
564      }
565  
566      void GetCandidatePeers(const uint256& txhash, std::vector<NodeId>& result_peers) const
567      {
568          auto it = m_index.get<ByTxHash>().lower_bound(ByTxHashView{txhash, State::CANDIDATE_DELAYED, 0});
569          while (it != m_index.get<ByTxHash>().end() && it->m_gtxid.ToUint256() == txhash && it->GetState() != State::COMPLETED) {
570              result_peers.push_back(it->m_peer);
571              ++it;
572          }
573      }
574  
575      void ReceivedInv(NodeId peer, const GenTxid& gtxid, bool preferred,
576                       std::chrono::microseconds reqtime)
577      {
578          // Bail out if we already have a CANDIDATE_BEST announcement for this (txhash, peer) combination. The case
579          // where there is a non-CANDIDATE_BEST announcement already will be caught by the uniqueness property of the
580          // ByPeer index when we try to emplace the new object below.
581          if (m_index.get<ByPeer>().count(ByPeerView{peer, true, gtxid.ToUint256()})) return;
582  
583          // Try creating the announcement with CANDIDATE_DELAYED state (which will fail due to the uniqueness
584          // of the ByPeer index if a non-CANDIDATE_BEST announcement already exists with the same txhash and peer).
585          // Bail out in that case.
586          auto ret = m_index.get<ByPeer>().emplace(gtxid, peer, preferred, reqtime, m_current_sequence);
587          if (!ret.second) return;
588  
589          // Update accounting metadata.
590          ++m_peerinfo[peer].m_total;
591          ++m_current_sequence;
592      }
593  
594      //! Find the GenTxids to request now from peer.
595      std::vector<GenTxid> GetRequestable(NodeId peer, std::chrono::microseconds now,
596                                          std::vector<std::pair<NodeId, GenTxid>>* expired)
597      {
598          // Move time.
599          SetTimePoint(now, expired);
600  
601          // Find all CANDIDATE_BEST announcements for this peer.
602          std::vector<const Announcement*> selected;
603          auto it_peer = m_index.get<ByPeer>().lower_bound(ByPeerView{peer, true, uint256::ZERO});
604          while (it_peer != m_index.get<ByPeer>().end() && it_peer->m_peer == peer &&
605              it_peer->GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_BEST) {
606              selected.emplace_back(&*it_peer);
607              ++it_peer;
608          }
609  
610          // Sort by sequence number.
611          std::sort(selected.begin(), selected.end(), [](const Announcement* a, const Announcement* b) {
612              return a->m_sequence < b->m_sequence;
613          });
614  
615          // Convert to GenTxid and return.
616          std::vector<GenTxid> ret;
617          ret.reserve(selected.size());
618          std::transform(selected.begin(), selected.end(), std::back_inserter(ret), [](const Announcement* ann) {
619              return ann->m_gtxid;
620          });
621          return ret;
622      }
623  
624      void RequestedTx(NodeId peer, const uint256& txhash, std::chrono::microseconds expiry)
625      {
626          auto it = m_index.get<ByPeer>().find(ByPeerView{peer, true, txhash});
627          if (it == m_index.get<ByPeer>().end()) {
628              // There is no CANDIDATE_BEST announcement, look for a _READY or _DELAYED instead. If the caller only
629              // ever invokes RequestedTx with the values returned by GetRequestable, and no other non-const functions
630              // other than ForgetTxHash and GetRequestable in between, this branch will never execute (as txhashes
631              // returned by GetRequestable always correspond to CANDIDATE_BEST announcements).
632  
633              it = m_index.get<ByPeer>().find(ByPeerView{peer, false, txhash});
634              if (it == m_index.get<ByPeer>().end() || (it->GetState() != State::CANDIDATE_DELAYED &&
635                                                        it->GetState() != State::CANDIDATE_READY)) {
636                  // There is no CANDIDATE announcement tracked for this peer, so we have nothing to do. Either this
637                  // txhash wasn't tracked at all (and the caller should have called ReceivedInv), or it was already
638                  // requested and/or completed for other reasons and this is just a superfluous RequestedTx call.
639                  return;
640              }
641  
642              // Look for an existing CANDIDATE_BEST or REQUESTED with the same txhash. We only need to do this if the
643              // found announcement had a different state than CANDIDATE_BEST. If it did, invariants guarantee that no
644              // other CANDIDATE_BEST or REQUESTED can exist.
645              auto it_old = m_index.get<ByTxHash>().lower_bound(ByTxHashView{txhash, State::CANDIDATE_BEST, 0});
646              if (it_old != m_index.get<ByTxHash>().end() && it_old->m_gtxid.ToUint256() == txhash) {
647                  if (it_old->GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_BEST) {
648                      // The data structure's invariants require that there can be at most one CANDIDATE_BEST or one
649                      // REQUESTED announcement per txhash (but not both simultaneously), so we have to convert any
650                      // existing CANDIDATE_BEST to another CANDIDATE_* when constructing another REQUESTED.
651                      // It doesn't matter whether we pick CANDIDATE_READY or _DELAYED here, as SetTimePoint()
652                      // will correct it at GetRequestable() time. If time only goes forward, it will always be
653                      // _READY, so pick that to avoid extra work in SetTimePoint().
654                      Modify<ByTxHash>(it_old, [](Announcement& ann) { ann.SetState(State::CANDIDATE_READY); });
655                  } else if (it_old->GetState() == State::REQUESTED) {
656                      // As we're no longer waiting for a response to the previous REQUESTED announcement, convert it
657                      // to COMPLETED. This also helps guaranteeing progress.
658                      Modify<ByTxHash>(it_old, [](Announcement& ann) { ann.SetState(State::COMPLETED); });
659                  }
660              }
661          }
662  
663          Modify<ByPeer>(it, [expiry](Announcement& ann) {
664              ann.SetState(State::REQUESTED);
665              ann.m_time = expiry;
666          });
667      }
668  
669      void ReceivedResponse(NodeId peer, const uint256& txhash)
670      {
671          // We need to search the ByPeer index for both (peer, false, txhash) and (peer, true, txhash).
672          auto it = m_index.get<ByPeer>().find(ByPeerView{peer, false, txhash});
673          if (it == m_index.get<ByPeer>().end()) {
674              it = m_index.get<ByPeer>().find(ByPeerView{peer, true, txhash});
675          }
676          if (it != m_index.get<ByPeer>().end()) MakeCompleted(m_index.project<ByTxHash>(it));
677      }
678  
679      size_t CountInFlight(NodeId peer) const
680      {
681          auto it = m_peerinfo.find(peer);
682          if (it != m_peerinfo.end()) return it->second.m_requested;
683          return 0;
684      }
685  
686      size_t CountCandidates(NodeId peer) const
687      {
688          auto it = m_peerinfo.find(peer);
689          if (it != m_peerinfo.end()) return it->second.m_total - it->second.m_requested - it->second.m_completed;
690          return 0;
691      }
692  
693      size_t Count(NodeId peer) const
694      {
695          auto it = m_peerinfo.find(peer);
696          if (it != m_peerinfo.end()) return it->second.m_total;
697          return 0;
698      }
699  
700      //! Count how many announcements are being tracked in total across all peers and transactions.
701      size_t Size() const { return m_index.size(); }
702  
703      uint64_t ComputePriority(const uint256& txhash, NodeId peer, bool preferred) const
704      {
705          // Return Priority as a uint64_t as Priority is internal.
706          return uint64_t{m_computer(txhash, peer, preferred)};
707      }
708  
709  };
710  
711  TxRequestTracker::TxRequestTracker(bool deterministic) :
712      m_impl{std::make_unique<TxRequestTracker::Impl>(deterministic)} {}
713  
714  TxRequestTracker::~TxRequestTracker() = default;
715  
716  void TxRequestTracker::ForgetTxHash(const uint256& txhash) { m_impl->ForgetTxHash(txhash); }
717  void TxRequestTracker::DisconnectedPeer(NodeId peer) { m_impl->DisconnectedPeer(peer); }
718  size_t TxRequestTracker::CountInFlight(NodeId peer) const { return m_impl->CountInFlight(peer); }
719  size_t TxRequestTracker::CountCandidates(NodeId peer) const { return m_impl->CountCandidates(peer); }
720  size_t TxRequestTracker::Count(NodeId peer) const { return m_impl->Count(peer); }
721  size_t TxRequestTracker::Size() const { return m_impl->Size(); }
722  void TxRequestTracker::GetCandidatePeers(const uint256& txhash, std::vector<NodeId>& result_peers) const { return m_impl->GetCandidatePeers(txhash, result_peers); }
723  void TxRequestTracker::SanityCheck() const { m_impl->SanityCheck(); }
724  
725  void TxRequestTracker::PostGetRequestableSanityCheck(std::chrono::microseconds now) const
726  {
727      m_impl->PostGetRequestableSanityCheck(now);
728  }
729  
730  void TxRequestTracker::ReceivedInv(NodeId peer, const GenTxid& gtxid, bool preferred,
731                                     std::chrono::microseconds reqtime)
732  {
733      m_impl->ReceivedInv(peer, gtxid, preferred, reqtime);
734  }
735  
736  void TxRequestTracker::RequestedTx(NodeId peer, const uint256& txhash, std::chrono::microseconds expiry)
737  {
738      m_impl->RequestedTx(peer, txhash, expiry);
739  }
740  
741  void TxRequestTracker::ReceivedResponse(NodeId peer, const uint256& txhash)
742  {
743      m_impl->ReceivedResponse(peer, txhash);
744  }
745  
746  std::vector<GenTxid> TxRequestTracker::GetRequestable(NodeId peer, std::chrono::microseconds now,
747                                                        std::vector<std::pair<NodeId, GenTxid>>* expired)
748  {
749      return m_impl->GetRequestable(peer, now, expired);
750  }
751  
752  uint64_t TxRequestTracker::ComputePriority(const uint256& txhash, NodeId peer, bool preferred) const
753  {
754      return m_impl->ComputePriority(txhash, peer, preferred);
755  }