/ src / txrequest.cpp
txrequest.cpp
  1  // Copyright (c) 2020-2021 The Bitcoin Core developers
  2  // Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
  3  // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
  4  
  5  #include <txrequest.h>
  6  
  7  #include <crypto/siphash.h>
  8  #include <net.h>
  9  #include <primitives/transaction.h>
 10  #include <random.h>
 11  #include <uint256.h>
 12  
 13  #include <boost/multi_index/indexed_by.hpp>
 14  #include <boost/multi_index/ordered_index.hpp>
 15  #include <boost/multi_index/sequenced_index.hpp>
 16  #include <boost/multi_index/tag.hpp>
 17  #include <boost/multi_index_container.hpp>
 18  #include <boost/tuple/tuple.hpp>
 19  
 20  #include <chrono>
 21  #include <unordered_map>
 22  #include <utility>
 23  
 24  #include <assert.h>
 25  
 26  namespace {
 27  
 28  /** The various states a (txhash,peer) pair can be in.
 29   *
 30   * Note that CANDIDATE is split up into 3 substates (DELAYED, BEST, READY), allowing more efficient implementation.
 31   * Also note that the sorting order of ByTxHashView relies on the specific order of values in this enum.
 32   *
 33   * Expected behaviour is:
 34   *   - When first announced by a peer, the state is CANDIDATE_DELAYED until reqtime is reached.
 35   *   - Announcements that have reached their reqtime but not been requested will be either CANDIDATE_READY or
 36   *     CANDIDATE_BEST. Neither of those has an expiration time; they remain in that state until they're requested or
 37   *     no longer needed. CANDIDATE_READY announcements are promoted to CANDIDATE_BEST when they're the best one left.
 38   *   - When requested, an announcement will be in state REQUESTED until expiry is reached.
 39   *   - If expiry is reached, or the peer replies to the request (either with NOTFOUND or the tx), the state becomes
 40   *     COMPLETED.
 41   */
 42  enum class State : uint8_t {
 43      /** A CANDIDATE announcement whose reqtime is in the future. */
 44      CANDIDATE_DELAYED,
 45      /** A CANDIDATE announcement that's not CANDIDATE_DELAYED or CANDIDATE_BEST. */
 46      CANDIDATE_READY,
 47      /** The best CANDIDATE for a given txhash; only if there is no REQUESTED announcement already for that txhash.
 48       *  The CANDIDATE_BEST is the highest-priority announcement among all CANDIDATE_READY (and _BEST) ones for that
 49       *  txhash. */
 50      CANDIDATE_BEST,
 51      /** A REQUESTED announcement. */
 52      REQUESTED,
 53      /** A COMPLETED announcement. */
 54      COMPLETED,
 55  };
 56  
 57  //! Type alias for sequence numbers.
 58  using SequenceNumber = uint64_t;
 59  
 60  /** An announcement. This is the data we track for each txid or wtxid that is announced to us by each peer. */
 61  struct Announcement {
 62      /** Txid or wtxid that was announced. */
 63      const uint256 m_txhash;
 64      /** For CANDIDATE_{DELAYED,BEST,READY} the reqtime; for REQUESTED the expiry. */
 65      std::chrono::microseconds m_time;
 66      /** What peer the request was from. */
 67      const NodeId m_peer;
 68      /** What sequence number this announcement has. */
 69      const SequenceNumber m_sequence : 59;
 70      /** Whether the request is preferred. */
 71      const bool m_preferred : 1;
 72      /** Whether this is a wtxid request. */
 73      const bool m_is_wtxid : 1;
 74  
 75      /** What state this announcement is in. */
 76      State m_state : 3 {State::CANDIDATE_DELAYED};
 77      State GetState() const { return m_state; }
 78      void SetState(State state) { m_state = state; }
 79  
 80      /** Whether this announcement is selected. There can be at most 1 selected peer per txhash. */
 81      bool IsSelected() const
 82      {
 83          return GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_BEST || GetState() == State::REQUESTED;
 84      }
 85  
 86      /** Whether this announcement is waiting for a certain time to pass. */
 87      bool IsWaiting() const
 88      {
 89          return GetState() == State::REQUESTED || GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_DELAYED;
 90      }
 91  
 92      /** Whether this announcement can feasibly be selected if the current IsSelected() one disappears. */
 93      bool IsSelectable() const
 94      {
 95          return GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_READY || GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_BEST;
 96      }
 97  
 98      /** Construct a new announcement from scratch, initially in CANDIDATE_DELAYED state. */
 99      Announcement(const GenTxid& gtxid, NodeId peer, bool preferred, std::chrono::microseconds reqtime,
100                   SequenceNumber sequence)
101          : m_txhash(gtxid.GetHash()), m_time(reqtime), m_peer(peer), m_sequence(sequence), m_preferred(preferred),
102            m_is_wtxid{gtxid.IsWtxid()} {}
103  };
104  
105  //! Type alias for priorities.
106  using Priority = uint64_t;
107  
108  /** A functor with embedded salt that computes priority of an announcement.
109   *
110   * Higher priorities are selected first.
111   */
112  class PriorityComputer {
113      const uint64_t m_k0, m_k1;
114  public:
115      explicit PriorityComputer(bool deterministic) :
116          m_k0{deterministic ? 0 : GetRand(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF)},
117          m_k1{deterministic ? 0 : GetRand(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF)} {}
118  
119      Priority operator()(const uint256& txhash, NodeId peer, bool preferred) const
120      {
121          uint64_t low_bits = CSipHasher(m_k0, m_k1).Write(txhash).Write(peer).Finalize() >> 1;
122          return low_bits | uint64_t{preferred} << 63;
123      }
124  
125      Priority operator()(const Announcement& ann) const
126      {
127          return operator()(ann.m_txhash, ann.m_peer, ann.m_preferred);
128      }
129  };
130  
131  // Definitions for the 3 indexes used in the main data structure.
132  //
133  // Each index has a By* type to identify it, a By*View data type to represent the view of announcement it is sorted
134  // by, and an By*ViewExtractor type to convert an announcement into the By*View type.
135  // See https://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_58_0/libs/multi_index/doc/reference/key_extraction.html#key_extractors
136  // for more information about the key extraction concept.
137  
138  // The ByPeer index is sorted by (peer, state == CANDIDATE_BEST, txhash)
139  //
140  // Uses:
141  // * Looking up existing announcements by peer/txhash, by checking both (peer, false, txhash) and
142  //   (peer, true, txhash).
143  // * Finding all CANDIDATE_BEST announcements for a given peer in GetRequestable.
144  struct ByPeer {};
145  using ByPeerView = std::tuple<NodeId, bool, const uint256&>;
146  struct ByPeerViewExtractor
147  {
148      using result_type = ByPeerView;
149      result_type operator()(const Announcement& ann) const
150      {
151          return ByPeerView{ann.m_peer, ann.GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_BEST, ann.m_txhash};
152      }
153  };
154  
155  // The ByTxHash index is sorted by (txhash, state, priority).
156  //
157  // Note: priority == 0 whenever state != CANDIDATE_READY.
158  //
159  // Uses:
160  // * Deleting all announcements with a given txhash in ForgetTxHash.
161  // * Finding the best CANDIDATE_READY to convert to CANDIDATE_BEST, when no other CANDIDATE_READY or REQUESTED
162  //   announcement exists for that txhash.
163  // * Determining when no more non-COMPLETED announcements for a given txhash exist, so the COMPLETED ones can be
164  //   deleted.
165  struct ByTxHash {};
166  using ByTxHashView = std::tuple<const uint256&, State, Priority>;
167  class ByTxHashViewExtractor {
168      const PriorityComputer& m_computer;
169  public:
170      explicit ByTxHashViewExtractor(const PriorityComputer& computer) : m_computer(computer) {}
171      using result_type = ByTxHashView;
172      result_type operator()(const Announcement& ann) const
173      {
174          const Priority prio = (ann.GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_READY) ? m_computer(ann) : 0;
175          return ByTxHashView{ann.m_txhash, ann.GetState(), prio};
176      }
177  };
178  
179  enum class WaitState {
180      //! Used for announcements that need efficient testing of "is their timestamp in the future?".
181      FUTURE_EVENT,
182      //! Used for announcements whose timestamp is not relevant.
183      NO_EVENT,
184      //! Used for announcements that need efficient testing of "is their timestamp in the past?".
185      PAST_EVENT,
186  };
187  
188  WaitState GetWaitState(const Announcement& ann)
189  {
190      if (ann.IsWaiting()) return WaitState::FUTURE_EVENT;
191      if (ann.IsSelectable()) return WaitState::PAST_EVENT;
192      return WaitState::NO_EVENT;
193  }
194  
195  // The ByTime index is sorted by (wait_state, time).
196  //
197  // All announcements with a timestamp in the future can be found by iterating the index forward from the beginning.
198  // All announcements with a timestamp in the past can be found by iterating the index backwards from the end.
199  //
200  // Uses:
201  // * Finding CANDIDATE_DELAYED announcements whose reqtime has passed, and REQUESTED announcements whose expiry has
202  //   passed.
203  // * Finding CANDIDATE_READY/BEST announcements whose reqtime is in the future (when the clock time went backwards).
204  struct ByTime {};
205  using ByTimeView = std::pair<WaitState, std::chrono::microseconds>;
206  struct ByTimeViewExtractor
207  {
208      using result_type = ByTimeView;
209      result_type operator()(const Announcement& ann) const
210      {
211          return ByTimeView{GetWaitState(ann), ann.m_time};
212      }
213  };
214  
215  /** Data type for the main data structure (Announcement objects with ByPeer/ByTxHash/ByTime indexes). */
216  using Index = boost::multi_index_container<
217      Announcement,
218      boost::multi_index::indexed_by<
219          boost::multi_index::ordered_unique<boost::multi_index::tag<ByPeer>, ByPeerViewExtractor>,
220          boost::multi_index::ordered_non_unique<boost::multi_index::tag<ByTxHash>, ByTxHashViewExtractor>,
221          boost::multi_index::ordered_non_unique<boost::multi_index::tag<ByTime>, ByTimeViewExtractor>
222      >
223  >;
224  
225  /** Helper type to simplify syntax of iterator types. */
226  template<typename Tag>
227  using Iter = typename Index::index<Tag>::type::iterator;
228  
229  /** Per-peer statistics object. */
230  struct PeerInfo {
231      size_t m_total = 0; //!< Total number of announcements for this peer.
232      size_t m_completed = 0; //!< Number of COMPLETED announcements for this peer.
233      size_t m_requested = 0; //!< Number of REQUESTED announcements for this peer.
234  };
235  
236  /** Per-txhash statistics object. Only used for sanity checking. */
237  struct TxHashInfo
238  {
239      //! Number of CANDIDATE_DELAYED announcements for this txhash.
240      size_t m_candidate_delayed = 0;
241      //! Number of CANDIDATE_READY announcements for this txhash.
242      size_t m_candidate_ready = 0;
243      //! Number of CANDIDATE_BEST announcements for this txhash (at most one).
244      size_t m_candidate_best = 0;
245      //! Number of REQUESTED announcements for this txhash (at most one; mutually exclusive with CANDIDATE_BEST).
246      size_t m_requested = 0;
247      //! The priority of the CANDIDATE_BEST announcement if one exists, or max() otherwise.
248      Priority m_priority_candidate_best = std::numeric_limits<Priority>::max();
249      //! The highest priority of all CANDIDATE_READY announcements (or min() if none exist).
250      Priority m_priority_best_candidate_ready = std::numeric_limits<Priority>::min();
251      //! All peers we have an announcement for this txhash for.
252      std::vector<NodeId> m_peers;
253  };
254  
255  /** Compare two PeerInfo objects. Only used for sanity checking. */
256  bool operator==(const PeerInfo& a, const PeerInfo& b)
257  {
258      return std::tie(a.m_total, a.m_completed, a.m_requested) ==
259             std::tie(b.m_total, b.m_completed, b.m_requested);
260  };
261  
262  /** (Re)compute the PeerInfo map from the index. Only used for sanity checking. */
263  std::unordered_map<NodeId, PeerInfo> RecomputePeerInfo(const Index& index)
264  {
265      std::unordered_map<NodeId, PeerInfo> ret;
266      for (const Announcement& ann : index) {
267          PeerInfo& info = ret[ann.m_peer];
268          ++info.m_total;
269          info.m_requested += (ann.GetState() == State::REQUESTED);
270          info.m_completed += (ann.GetState() == State::COMPLETED);
271      }
272      return ret;
273  }
274  
275  /** Compute the TxHashInfo map. Only used for sanity checking. */
276  std::map<uint256, TxHashInfo> ComputeTxHashInfo(const Index& index, const PriorityComputer& computer)
277  {
278      std::map<uint256, TxHashInfo> ret;
279      for (const Announcement& ann : index) {
280          TxHashInfo& info = ret[ann.m_txhash];
281          // Classify how many announcements of each state we have for this txhash.
282          info.m_candidate_delayed += (ann.GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_DELAYED);
283          info.m_candidate_ready += (ann.GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_READY);
284          info.m_candidate_best += (ann.GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_BEST);
285          info.m_requested += (ann.GetState() == State::REQUESTED);
286          // And track the priority of the best CANDIDATE_READY/CANDIDATE_BEST announcements.
287          if (ann.GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_BEST) {
288              info.m_priority_candidate_best = computer(ann);
289          }
290          if (ann.GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_READY) {
291              info.m_priority_best_candidate_ready = std::max(info.m_priority_best_candidate_ready, computer(ann));
292          }
293          // Also keep track of which peers this txhash has an announcement for (so we can detect duplicates).
294          info.m_peers.push_back(ann.m_peer);
295      }
296      return ret;
297  }
298  
299  GenTxid ToGenTxid(const Announcement& ann)
300  {
301      return ann.m_is_wtxid ? GenTxid::Wtxid(ann.m_txhash) : GenTxid::Txid(ann.m_txhash);
302  }
303  
304  }  // namespace
305  
306  /** Actual implementation for TxRequestTracker's data structure. */
307  class TxRequestTracker::Impl {
308      //! The current sequence number. Increases for every announcement. This is used to sort txhashes returned by
309      //! GetRequestable in announcement order.
310      SequenceNumber m_current_sequence{0};
311  
312      //! This tracker's priority computer.
313      const PriorityComputer m_computer;
314  
315      //! This tracker's main data structure. See SanityCheck() for the invariants that apply to it.
316      Index m_index;
317  
318      //! Map with this tracker's per-peer statistics.
319      std::unordered_map<NodeId, PeerInfo> m_peerinfo;
320  
321  public:
322      void SanityCheck() const
323      {
324          // Recompute m_peerdata from m_index. This verifies the data in it as it should just be caching statistics
325          // on m_index. It also verifies the invariant that no PeerInfo announcements with m_total==0 exist.
326          assert(m_peerinfo == RecomputePeerInfo(m_index));
327  
328          // Calculate per-txhash statistics from m_index, and validate invariants.
329          for (auto& item : ComputeTxHashInfo(m_index, m_computer)) {
330              TxHashInfo& info = item.second;
331  
332              // Cannot have only COMPLETED peer (txhash should have been forgotten already)
333              assert(info.m_candidate_delayed + info.m_candidate_ready + info.m_candidate_best + info.m_requested > 0);
334  
335              // Can have at most 1 CANDIDATE_BEST/REQUESTED peer
336              assert(info.m_candidate_best + info.m_requested <= 1);
337  
338              // If there are any CANDIDATE_READY announcements, there must be exactly one CANDIDATE_BEST or REQUESTED
339              // announcement.
340              if (info.m_candidate_ready > 0) {
341                  assert(info.m_candidate_best + info.m_requested == 1);
342              }
343  
344              // If there is both a CANDIDATE_READY and a CANDIDATE_BEST announcement, the CANDIDATE_BEST one must be
345              // at least as good (equal or higher priority) as the best CANDIDATE_READY.
346              if (info.m_candidate_ready && info.m_candidate_best) {
347                  assert(info.m_priority_candidate_best >= info.m_priority_best_candidate_ready);
348              }
349  
350              // No txhash can have been announced by the same peer twice.
351              std::sort(info.m_peers.begin(), info.m_peers.end());
352              assert(std::adjacent_find(info.m_peers.begin(), info.m_peers.end()) == info.m_peers.end());
353          }
354      }
355  
356      void PostGetRequestableSanityCheck(std::chrono::microseconds now) const
357      {
358          for (const Announcement& ann : m_index) {
359              if (ann.IsWaiting()) {
360                  // REQUESTED and CANDIDATE_DELAYED must have a time in the future (they should have been converted
361                  // to COMPLETED/CANDIDATE_READY respectively).
362                  assert(ann.m_time > now);
363              } else if (ann.IsSelectable()) {
364                  // CANDIDATE_READY and CANDIDATE_BEST cannot have a time in the future (they should have remained
365                  // CANDIDATE_DELAYED, or should have been converted back to it if time went backwards).
366                  assert(ann.m_time <= now);
367              }
368          }
369      }
370  
371  private:
372      //! Wrapper around Index::...::erase that keeps m_peerinfo up to date.
373      template<typename Tag>
374      Iter<Tag> Erase(Iter<Tag> it)
375      {
376          auto peerit = m_peerinfo.find(it->m_peer);
377          peerit->second.m_completed -= it->GetState() == State::COMPLETED;
378          peerit->second.m_requested -= it->GetState() == State::REQUESTED;
379          if (--peerit->second.m_total == 0) m_peerinfo.erase(peerit);
380          return m_index.get<Tag>().erase(it);
381      }
382  
383      //! Wrapper around Index::...::modify that keeps m_peerinfo up to date.
384      template<typename Tag, typename Modifier>
385      void Modify(Iter<Tag> it, Modifier modifier)
386      {
387          auto peerit = m_peerinfo.find(it->m_peer);
388          peerit->second.m_completed -= it->GetState() == State::COMPLETED;
389          peerit->second.m_requested -= it->GetState() == State::REQUESTED;
390          m_index.get<Tag>().modify(it, std::move(modifier));
391          peerit->second.m_completed += it->GetState() == State::COMPLETED;
392          peerit->second.m_requested += it->GetState() == State::REQUESTED;
393      }
394  
395      //! Convert a CANDIDATE_DELAYED announcement into a CANDIDATE_READY. If this makes it the new best
396      //! CANDIDATE_READY (and no REQUESTED exists) and better than the CANDIDATE_BEST (if any), it becomes the new
397      //! CANDIDATE_BEST.
398      void PromoteCandidateReady(Iter<ByTxHash> it)
399      {
400          assert(it != m_index.get<ByTxHash>().end());
401          assert(it->GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_DELAYED);
402          // Convert CANDIDATE_DELAYED to CANDIDATE_READY first.
403          Modify<ByTxHash>(it, [](Announcement& ann){ ann.SetState(State::CANDIDATE_READY); });
404          // The following code relies on the fact that the ByTxHash is sorted by txhash, and then by state (first
405          // _DELAYED, then _READY, then _BEST/REQUESTED). Within the _READY announcements, the best one (highest
406          // priority) comes last. Thus, if an existing _BEST exists for the same txhash that this announcement may
407          // be preferred over, it must immediately follow the newly created _READY.
408          auto it_next = std::next(it);
409          if (it_next == m_index.get<ByTxHash>().end() || it_next->m_txhash != it->m_txhash ||
410              it_next->GetState() == State::COMPLETED) {
411              // This is the new best CANDIDATE_READY, and there is no IsSelected() announcement for this txhash
412              // already.
413              Modify<ByTxHash>(it, [](Announcement& ann){ ann.SetState(State::CANDIDATE_BEST); });
414          } else if (it_next->GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_BEST) {
415              Priority priority_old = m_computer(*it_next);
416              Priority priority_new = m_computer(*it);
417              if (priority_new > priority_old) {
418                  // There is a CANDIDATE_BEST announcement already, but this one is better.
419                  Modify<ByTxHash>(it_next, [](Announcement& ann){ ann.SetState(State::CANDIDATE_READY); });
420                  Modify<ByTxHash>(it, [](Announcement& ann){ ann.SetState(State::CANDIDATE_BEST); });
421              }
422          }
423      }
424  
425      //! Change the state of an announcement to something non-IsSelected(). If it was IsSelected(), the next best
426      //! announcement will be marked CANDIDATE_BEST.
427      void ChangeAndReselect(Iter<ByTxHash> it, State new_state)
428      {
429          assert(new_state == State::COMPLETED || new_state == State::CANDIDATE_DELAYED);
430          assert(it != m_index.get<ByTxHash>().end());
431          if (it->IsSelected() && it != m_index.get<ByTxHash>().begin()) {
432              auto it_prev = std::prev(it);
433              // The next best CANDIDATE_READY, if any, immediately precedes the REQUESTED or CANDIDATE_BEST
434              // announcement in the ByTxHash index.
435              if (it_prev->m_txhash == it->m_txhash && it_prev->GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_READY) {
436                  // If one such CANDIDATE_READY exists (for this txhash), convert it to CANDIDATE_BEST.
437                  Modify<ByTxHash>(it_prev, [](Announcement& ann){ ann.SetState(State::CANDIDATE_BEST); });
438              }
439          }
440          Modify<ByTxHash>(it, [new_state](Announcement& ann){ ann.SetState(new_state); });
441      }
442  
443      //! Check if 'it' is the only announcement for a given txhash that isn't COMPLETED.
444      bool IsOnlyNonCompleted(Iter<ByTxHash> it)
445      {
446          assert(it != m_index.get<ByTxHash>().end());
447          assert(it->GetState() != State::COMPLETED); // Not allowed to call this on COMPLETED announcements.
448  
449          // This announcement has a predecessor that belongs to the same txhash. Due to ordering, and the
450          // fact that 'it' is not COMPLETED, its predecessor cannot be COMPLETED here.
451          if (it != m_index.get<ByTxHash>().begin() && std::prev(it)->m_txhash == it->m_txhash) return false;
452  
453          // This announcement has a successor that belongs to the same txhash, and is not COMPLETED.
454          if (std::next(it) != m_index.get<ByTxHash>().end() && std::next(it)->m_txhash == it->m_txhash &&
455              std::next(it)->GetState() != State::COMPLETED) return false;
456  
457          return true;
458      }
459  
460      /** Convert any announcement to a COMPLETED one. If there are no non-COMPLETED announcements left for this
461       *  txhash, they are deleted. If this was a REQUESTED announcement, and there are other CANDIDATEs left, the
462       *  best one is made CANDIDATE_BEST. Returns whether the announcement still exists. */
463      bool MakeCompleted(Iter<ByTxHash> it)
464      {
465          assert(it != m_index.get<ByTxHash>().end());
466  
467          // Nothing to be done if it's already COMPLETED.
468          if (it->GetState() == State::COMPLETED) return true;
469  
470          if (IsOnlyNonCompleted(it)) {
471              // This is the last non-COMPLETED announcement for this txhash. Delete all.
472              uint256 txhash = it->m_txhash;
473              do {
474                  it = Erase<ByTxHash>(it);
475              } while (it != m_index.get<ByTxHash>().end() && it->m_txhash == txhash);
476              return false;
477          }
478  
479          // Mark the announcement COMPLETED, and select the next best announcement (the first CANDIDATE_READY) if
480          // needed.
481          ChangeAndReselect(it, State::COMPLETED);
482  
483          return true;
484      }
485  
486      //! Make the data structure consistent with a given point in time:
487      //! - REQUESTED announcements with expiry <= now are turned into COMPLETED.
488      //! - CANDIDATE_DELAYED announcements with reqtime <= now are turned into CANDIDATE_{READY,BEST}.
489      //! - CANDIDATE_{READY,BEST} announcements with reqtime > now are turned into CANDIDATE_DELAYED.
490      void SetTimePoint(std::chrono::microseconds now, std::vector<std::pair<NodeId, GenTxid>>* expired)
491      {
492          if (expired) expired->clear();
493  
494          // Iterate over all CANDIDATE_DELAYED and REQUESTED from old to new, as long as they're in the past,
495          // and convert them to CANDIDATE_READY and COMPLETED respectively.
496          while (!m_index.empty()) {
497              auto it = m_index.get<ByTime>().begin();
498              if (it->GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_DELAYED && it->m_time <= now) {
499                  PromoteCandidateReady(m_index.project<ByTxHash>(it));
500              } else if (it->GetState() == State::REQUESTED && it->m_time <= now) {
501                  if (expired) expired->emplace_back(it->m_peer, ToGenTxid(*it));
502                  MakeCompleted(m_index.project<ByTxHash>(it));
503              } else {
504                  break;
505              }
506          }
507  
508          while (!m_index.empty()) {
509              // If time went backwards, we may need to demote CANDIDATE_BEST and CANDIDATE_READY announcements back
510              // to CANDIDATE_DELAYED. This is an unusual edge case, and unlikely to matter in production. However,
511              // it makes it much easier to specify and test TxRequestTracker::Impl's behaviour.
512              auto it = std::prev(m_index.get<ByTime>().end());
513              if (it->IsSelectable() && it->m_time > now) {
514                  ChangeAndReselect(m_index.project<ByTxHash>(it), State::CANDIDATE_DELAYED);
515              } else {
516                  break;
517              }
518          }
519      }
520  
521  public:
522      explicit Impl(bool deterministic) :
523          m_computer(deterministic),
524          // Explicitly initialize m_index as we need to pass a reference to m_computer to ByTxHashViewExtractor.
525          m_index(boost::make_tuple(
526              boost::make_tuple(ByPeerViewExtractor(), std::less<ByPeerView>()),
527              boost::make_tuple(ByTxHashViewExtractor(m_computer), std::less<ByTxHashView>()),
528              boost::make_tuple(ByTimeViewExtractor(), std::less<ByTimeView>())
529          )) {}
530  
531      // Disable copying and assigning (a default copy won't work due the stateful ByTxHashViewExtractor).
532      Impl(const Impl&) = delete;
533      Impl& operator=(const Impl&) = delete;
534  
535      void DisconnectedPeer(NodeId peer)
536      {
537          auto& index = m_index.get<ByPeer>();
538          auto it = index.lower_bound(ByPeerView{peer, false, uint256::ZERO});
539          while (it != index.end() && it->m_peer == peer) {
540              // Check what to continue with after this iteration. 'it' will be deleted in what follows, so we need to
541              // decide what to continue with afterwards. There are a number of cases to consider:
542              // - std::next(it) is end() or belongs to a different peer. In that case, this is the last iteration
543              //   of the loop (denote this by setting it_next to end()).
544              // - 'it' is not the only non-COMPLETED announcement for its txhash. This means it will be deleted, but
545              //   no other Announcement objects will be modified. Continue with std::next(it) if it belongs to the
546              //   same peer, but decide this ahead of time (as 'it' may change position in what follows).
547              // - 'it' is the only non-COMPLETED announcement for its txhash. This means it will be deleted along
548              //   with all other announcements for the same txhash - which may include std::next(it). However, other
549              //   than 'it', no announcements for the same peer can be affected (due to (peer, txhash) uniqueness).
550              //   In other words, the situation where std::next(it) is deleted can only occur if std::next(it)
551              //   belongs to a different peer but the same txhash as 'it'. This is covered by the first bulletpoint
552              //   already, and we'll have set it_next to end().
553              auto it_next = (std::next(it) == index.end() || std::next(it)->m_peer != peer) ? index.end() :
554                  std::next(it);
555              // If the announcement isn't already COMPLETED, first make it COMPLETED (which will mark other
556              // CANDIDATEs as CANDIDATE_BEST, or delete all of a txhash's announcements if no non-COMPLETED ones are
557              // left).
558              if (MakeCompleted(m_index.project<ByTxHash>(it))) {
559                  // Then actually delete the announcement (unless it was already deleted by MakeCompleted).
560                  Erase<ByPeer>(it);
561              }
562              it = it_next;
563          }
564      }
565  
566      void ForgetTxHash(const uint256& txhash)
567      {
568          auto it = m_index.get<ByTxHash>().lower_bound(ByTxHashView{txhash, State::CANDIDATE_DELAYED, 0});
569          while (it != m_index.get<ByTxHash>().end() && it->m_txhash == txhash) {
570              it = Erase<ByTxHash>(it);
571          }
572      }
573  
574      void ReceivedInv(NodeId peer, const GenTxid& gtxid, bool preferred,
575          std::chrono::microseconds reqtime)
576      {
577          // Bail out if we already have a CANDIDATE_BEST announcement for this (txhash, peer) combination. The case
578          // where there is a non-CANDIDATE_BEST announcement already will be caught by the uniqueness property of the
579          // ByPeer index when we try to emplace the new object below.
580          if (m_index.get<ByPeer>().count(ByPeerView{peer, true, gtxid.GetHash()})) return;
581  
582          // Try creating the announcement with CANDIDATE_DELAYED state (which will fail due to the uniqueness
583          // of the ByPeer index if a non-CANDIDATE_BEST announcement already exists with the same txhash and peer).
584          // Bail out in that case.
585          auto ret = m_index.get<ByPeer>().emplace(gtxid, peer, preferred, reqtime, m_current_sequence);
586          if (!ret.second) return;
587  
588          // Update accounting metadata.
589          ++m_peerinfo[peer].m_total;
590          ++m_current_sequence;
591      }
592  
593      //! Find the GenTxids to request now from peer.
594      std::vector<GenTxid> GetRequestable(NodeId peer, std::chrono::microseconds now,
595          std::vector<std::pair<NodeId, GenTxid>>* expired)
596      {
597          // Move time.
598          SetTimePoint(now, expired);
599  
600          // Find all CANDIDATE_BEST announcements for this peer.
601          std::vector<const Announcement*> selected;
602          auto it_peer = m_index.get<ByPeer>().lower_bound(ByPeerView{peer, true, uint256::ZERO});
603          while (it_peer != m_index.get<ByPeer>().end() && it_peer->m_peer == peer &&
604              it_peer->GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_BEST) {
605              selected.emplace_back(&*it_peer);
606              ++it_peer;
607          }
608  
609          // Sort by sequence number.
610          std::sort(selected.begin(), selected.end(), [](const Announcement* a, const Announcement* b) {
611              return a->m_sequence < b->m_sequence;
612          });
613  
614          // Convert to GenTxid and return.
615          std::vector<GenTxid> ret;
616          ret.reserve(selected.size());
617          std::transform(selected.begin(), selected.end(), std::back_inserter(ret), [](const Announcement* ann) {
618              return ToGenTxid(*ann);
619          });
620          return ret;
621      }
622  
623      void RequestedTx(NodeId peer, const uint256& txhash, std::chrono::microseconds expiry)
624      {
625          auto it = m_index.get<ByPeer>().find(ByPeerView{peer, true, txhash});
626          if (it == m_index.get<ByPeer>().end()) {
627              // There is no CANDIDATE_BEST announcement, look for a _READY or _DELAYED instead. If the caller only
628              // ever invokes RequestedTx with the values returned by GetRequestable, and no other non-const functions
629              // other than ForgetTxHash and GetRequestable in between, this branch will never execute (as txhashes
630              // returned by GetRequestable always correspond to CANDIDATE_BEST announcements).
631  
632              it = m_index.get<ByPeer>().find(ByPeerView{peer, false, txhash});
633              if (it == m_index.get<ByPeer>().end() || (it->GetState() != State::CANDIDATE_DELAYED &&
634                                                        it->GetState() != State::CANDIDATE_READY)) {
635                  // There is no CANDIDATE announcement tracked for this peer, so we have nothing to do. Either this
636                  // txhash wasn't tracked at all (and the caller should have called ReceivedInv), or it was already
637                  // requested and/or completed for other reasons and this is just a superfluous RequestedTx call.
638                  return;
639              }
640  
641              // Look for an existing CANDIDATE_BEST or REQUESTED with the same txhash. We only need to do this if the
642              // found announcement had a different state than CANDIDATE_BEST. If it did, invariants guarantee that no
643              // other CANDIDATE_BEST or REQUESTED can exist.
644              auto it_old = m_index.get<ByTxHash>().lower_bound(ByTxHashView{txhash, State::CANDIDATE_BEST, 0});
645              if (it_old != m_index.get<ByTxHash>().end() && it_old->m_txhash == txhash) {
646                  if (it_old->GetState() == State::CANDIDATE_BEST) {
647                      // The data structure's invariants require that there can be at most one CANDIDATE_BEST or one
648                      // REQUESTED announcement per txhash (but not both simultaneously), so we have to convert any
649                      // existing CANDIDATE_BEST to another CANDIDATE_* when constructing another REQUESTED.
650                      // It doesn't matter whether we pick CANDIDATE_READY or _DELAYED here, as SetTimePoint()
651                      // will correct it at GetRequestable() time. If time only goes forward, it will always be
652                      // _READY, so pick that to avoid extra work in SetTimePoint().
653                      Modify<ByTxHash>(it_old, [](Announcement& ann) { ann.SetState(State::CANDIDATE_READY); });
654                  } else if (it_old->GetState() == State::REQUESTED) {
655                      // As we're no longer waiting for a response to the previous REQUESTED announcement, convert it
656                      // to COMPLETED. This also helps guaranteeing progress.
657                      Modify<ByTxHash>(it_old, [](Announcement& ann) { ann.SetState(State::COMPLETED); });
658                  }
659              }
660          }
661  
662          Modify<ByPeer>(it, [expiry](Announcement& ann) {
663              ann.SetState(State::REQUESTED);
664              ann.m_time = expiry;
665          });
666      }
667  
668      void ReceivedResponse(NodeId peer, const uint256& txhash)
669      {
670          // We need to search the ByPeer index for both (peer, false, txhash) and (peer, true, txhash).
671          auto it = m_index.get<ByPeer>().find(ByPeerView{peer, false, txhash});
672          if (it == m_index.get<ByPeer>().end()) {
673              it = m_index.get<ByPeer>().find(ByPeerView{peer, true, txhash});
674          }
675          if (it != m_index.get<ByPeer>().end()) MakeCompleted(m_index.project<ByTxHash>(it));
676      }
677  
678      size_t CountInFlight(NodeId peer) const
679      {
680          auto it = m_peerinfo.find(peer);
681          if (it != m_peerinfo.end()) return it->second.m_requested;
682          return 0;
683      }
684  
685      size_t CountCandidates(NodeId peer) const
686      {
687          auto it = m_peerinfo.find(peer);
688          if (it != m_peerinfo.end()) return it->second.m_total - it->second.m_requested - it->second.m_completed;
689          return 0;
690      }
691  
692      size_t Count(NodeId peer) const
693      {
694          auto it = m_peerinfo.find(peer);
695          if (it != m_peerinfo.end()) return it->second.m_total;
696          return 0;
697      }
698  
699      //! Count how many announcements are being tracked in total across all peers and transactions.
700      size_t Size() const { return m_index.size(); }
701  
702      uint64_t ComputePriority(const uint256& txhash, NodeId peer, bool preferred) const
703      {
704          // Return Priority as a uint64_t as Priority is internal.
705          return uint64_t{m_computer(txhash, peer, preferred)};
706      }
707  
708  };
709  
710  TxRequestTracker::TxRequestTracker(bool deterministic) :
711      m_impl{std::make_unique<TxRequestTracker::Impl>(deterministic)} {}
712  
713  TxRequestTracker::~TxRequestTracker() = default;
714  
715  void TxRequestTracker::ForgetTxHash(const uint256& txhash) { m_impl->ForgetTxHash(txhash); }
716  void TxRequestTracker::DisconnectedPeer(NodeId peer) { m_impl->DisconnectedPeer(peer); }
717  size_t TxRequestTracker::CountInFlight(NodeId peer) const { return m_impl->CountInFlight(peer); }
718  size_t TxRequestTracker::CountCandidates(NodeId peer) const { return m_impl->CountCandidates(peer); }
719  size_t TxRequestTracker::Count(NodeId peer) const { return m_impl->Count(peer); }
720  size_t TxRequestTracker::Size() const { return m_impl->Size(); }
721  void TxRequestTracker::SanityCheck() const { m_impl->SanityCheck(); }
722  
723  void TxRequestTracker::PostGetRequestableSanityCheck(std::chrono::microseconds now) const
724  {
725      m_impl->PostGetRequestableSanityCheck(now);
726  }
727  
728  void TxRequestTracker::ReceivedInv(NodeId peer, const GenTxid& gtxid, bool preferred,
729      std::chrono::microseconds reqtime)
730  {
731      m_impl->ReceivedInv(peer, gtxid, preferred, reqtime);
732  }
733  
734  void TxRequestTracker::RequestedTx(NodeId peer, const uint256& txhash, std::chrono::microseconds expiry)
735  {
736      m_impl->RequestedTx(peer, txhash, expiry);
737  }
738  
739  void TxRequestTracker::ReceivedResponse(NodeId peer, const uint256& txhash)
740  {
741      m_impl->ReceivedResponse(peer, txhash);
742  }
743  
744  std::vector<GenTxid> TxRequestTracker::GetRequestable(NodeId peer, std::chrono::microseconds now,
745      std::vector<std::pair<NodeId, GenTxid>>* expired)
746  {
747      return m_impl->GetRequestable(peer, now, expired);
748  }
749  
750  uint64_t TxRequestTracker::ComputePriority(const uint256& txhash, NodeId peer, bool preferred) const
751  {
752      return m_impl->ComputePriority(txhash, peer, preferred);
753  }