/ src / wallet / test / coinselector_tests.cpp
coinselector_tests.cpp
   1  // Copyright (c) 2017-2022 The Bitcoin Core developers
   2  // Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
   3  // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
   4  
   5  #include <consensus/amount.h>
   6  #include <node/context.h>
   7  #include <policy/policy.h>
   8  #include <primitives/transaction.h>
   9  #include <random.h>
  10  #include <test/util/setup_common.h>
  11  #include <util/translation.h>
  12  #include <wallet/coincontrol.h>
  13  #include <wallet/coinselection.h>
  14  #include <wallet/spend.h>
  15  #include <wallet/test/util.h>
  16  #include <wallet/test/wallet_test_fixture.h>
  17  #include <wallet/wallet.h>
  18  
  19  #include <algorithm>
  20  #include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
  21  #include <random>
  22  
  23  namespace wallet {
  24  BOOST_FIXTURE_TEST_SUITE(coinselector_tests, WalletTestingSetup)
  25  
  26  // how many times to run all the tests to have a chance to catch errors that only show up with particular random shuffles
  27  #define RUN_TESTS 100
  28  
  29  // some tests fail 1% of the time due to bad luck.
  30  // we repeat those tests this many times and only complain if all iterations of the test fail
  31  #define RANDOM_REPEATS 5
  32  
  33  typedef std::set<std::shared_ptr<COutput>> CoinSet;
  34  
  35  static const CoinEligibilityFilter filter_standard(1, 6, 0);
  36  static const CoinEligibilityFilter filter_confirmed(1, 1, 0);
  37  static const CoinEligibilityFilter filter_standard_extra(6, 6, 0);
  38  static int nextLockTime = 0;
  39  
  40  static void add_coin(const CAmount& nValue, int nInput, std::vector<COutput>& set)
  41  {
  42      CMutableTransaction tx;
  43      tx.vout.resize(nInput + 1);
  44      tx.vout[nInput].nValue = nValue;
  45      tx.nLockTime = nextLockTime++;        // so all transactions get different hashes
  46      set.emplace_back(COutPoint(tx.GetHash(), nInput), tx.vout.at(nInput), /*depth=*/ 1, /*input_bytes=*/ -1, /*spendable=*/ true, /*solvable=*/ true, /*safe=*/ true, /*time=*/ 0, /*from_me=*/ false, /*fees=*/ 0);
  47  }
  48  
  49  static void add_coin(const CAmount& nValue, int nInput, SelectionResult& result)
  50  {
  51      CMutableTransaction tx;
  52      tx.vout.resize(nInput + 1);
  53      tx.vout[nInput].nValue = nValue;
  54      tx.nLockTime = nextLockTime++;        // so all transactions get different hashes
  55      COutput output(COutPoint(tx.GetHash(), nInput), tx.vout.at(nInput), /*depth=*/ 1, /*input_bytes=*/ -1, /*spendable=*/ true, /*solvable=*/ true, /*safe=*/ true, /*time=*/ 0, /*from_me=*/ false, /*fees=*/ 0);
  56      OutputGroup group;
  57      group.Insert(std::make_shared<COutput>(output), /*ancestors=*/ 0, /*descendants=*/ 0);
  58      result.AddInput(group);
  59  }
  60  
  61  static void add_coin(const CAmount& nValue, int nInput, SelectionResult& result, CAmount fee, CAmount long_term_fee)
  62  {
  63      CMutableTransaction tx;
  64      tx.vout.resize(nInput + 1);
  65      tx.vout[nInput].nValue = nValue;
  66      tx.nLockTime = nextLockTime++;        // so all transactions get different hashes
  67      std::shared_ptr<COutput> coin = std::make_shared<COutput>(COutPoint(tx.GetHash(), nInput), tx.vout.at(nInput), /*depth=*/ 1, /*input_bytes=*/ 148, /*spendable=*/ true, /*solvable=*/ true, /*safe=*/ true, /*time=*/ 0, /*from_me=*/ false, fee);
  68      OutputGroup group;
  69      group.Insert(coin, /*ancestors=*/ 0, /*descendants=*/ 0);
  70      coin->long_term_fee = long_term_fee; // group.Insert() will modify long_term_fee, so we need to set it afterwards
  71      result.AddInput(group);
  72  }
  73  
  74  static void add_coin(CoinsResult& available_coins, CWallet& wallet, const CAmount& nValue, CFeeRate feerate = CFeeRate(0), int nAge = 6*24, bool fIsFromMe = false, int nInput =0, bool spendable = false, int custom_size = 0)
  75  {
  76      CMutableTransaction tx;
  77      tx.nLockTime = nextLockTime++;        // so all transactions get different hashes
  78      tx.vout.resize(nInput + 1);
  79      tx.vout[nInput].nValue = nValue;
  80      if (spendable) {
  81          tx.vout[nInput].scriptPubKey = GetScriptForDestination(*Assert(wallet.GetNewDestination(OutputType::BECH32, "")));
  82      }
  83      uint256 txid = tx.GetHash();
  84  
  85      LOCK(wallet.cs_wallet);
  86      auto ret = wallet.mapWallet.emplace(std::piecewise_construct, std::forward_as_tuple(txid), std::forward_as_tuple(MakeTransactionRef(std::move(tx)), TxStateInactive{}));
  87      assert(ret.second);
  88      CWalletTx& wtx = (*ret.first).second;
  89      const auto& txout = wtx.tx->vout.at(nInput);
  90      available_coins.Add(OutputType::BECH32, {COutPoint(wtx.GetHash(), nInput), txout, nAge, custom_size == 0 ? CalculateMaximumSignedInputSize(txout, &wallet, /*coin_control=*/nullptr) : custom_size, /*spendable=*/ true, /*solvable=*/ true, /*safe=*/ true, wtx.GetTxTime(), fIsFromMe, feerate});
  91  }
  92  
  93  // Helpers
  94  std::optional<SelectionResult> KnapsackSolver(std::vector<OutputGroup>& groups, const CAmount& nTargetValue,
  95                                                CAmount change_target, FastRandomContext& rng)
  96  {
  97      auto res{KnapsackSolver(groups, nTargetValue, change_target, rng, MAX_STANDARD_TX_WEIGHT)};
  98      return res ? std::optional<SelectionResult>(*res) : std::nullopt;
  99  }
 100  
 101  std::optional<SelectionResult> SelectCoinsBnB(std::vector<OutputGroup>& utxo_pool, const CAmount& selection_target, const CAmount& cost_of_change)
 102  {
 103      auto res{SelectCoinsBnB(utxo_pool, selection_target, cost_of_change, MAX_STANDARD_TX_WEIGHT)};
 104      return res ? std::optional<SelectionResult>(*res) : std::nullopt;
 105  }
 106  
 107  /** Check if SelectionResult a is equivalent to SelectionResult b.
 108   * Equivalent means same input values, but maybe different inputs (i.e. same value, different prevout) */
 109  static bool EquivalentResult(const SelectionResult& a, const SelectionResult& b)
 110  {
 111      std::vector<CAmount> a_amts;
 112      std::vector<CAmount> b_amts;
 113      for (const auto& coin : a.GetInputSet()) {
 114          a_amts.push_back(coin->txout.nValue);
 115      }
 116      for (const auto& coin : b.GetInputSet()) {
 117          b_amts.push_back(coin->txout.nValue);
 118      }
 119      std::sort(a_amts.begin(), a_amts.end());
 120      std::sort(b_amts.begin(), b_amts.end());
 121  
 122      std::pair<std::vector<CAmount>::iterator, std::vector<CAmount>::iterator> ret = std::mismatch(a_amts.begin(), a_amts.end(), b_amts.begin());
 123      return ret.first == a_amts.end() && ret.second == b_amts.end();
 124  }
 125  
 126  /** Check if this selection is equal to another one. Equal means same inputs (i.e same value and prevout) */
 127  static bool EqualResult(const SelectionResult& a, const SelectionResult& b)
 128  {
 129      std::pair<CoinSet::iterator, CoinSet::iterator> ret = std::mismatch(a.GetInputSet().begin(), a.GetInputSet().end(), b.GetInputSet().begin(),
 130          [](const std::shared_ptr<COutput>& a, const std::shared_ptr<COutput>& b) {
 131              return a->outpoint == b->outpoint;
 132          });
 133      return ret.first == a.GetInputSet().end() && ret.second == b.GetInputSet().end();
 134  }
 135  
 136  static CAmount make_hard_case(int utxos, std::vector<COutput>& utxo_pool)
 137  {
 138      utxo_pool.clear();
 139      CAmount target = 0;
 140      for (int i = 0; i < utxos; ++i) {
 141          target += CAmount{1} << (utxos+i);
 142          add_coin(CAmount{1} << (utxos+i), 2*i, utxo_pool);
 143          add_coin((CAmount{1} << (utxos+i)) + (CAmount{1} << (utxos-1-i)), 2*i + 1, utxo_pool);
 144      }
 145      return target;
 146  }
 147  
 148  inline std::vector<OutputGroup>& GroupCoins(const std::vector<COutput>& available_coins, bool subtract_fee_outputs = false)
 149  {
 150      static std::vector<OutputGroup> static_groups;
 151      static_groups.clear();
 152      for (auto& coin : available_coins) {
 153          static_groups.emplace_back();
 154          OutputGroup& group = static_groups.back();
 155          group.Insert(std::make_shared<COutput>(coin), /*ancestors=*/ 0, /*descendants=*/ 0);
 156          group.m_subtract_fee_outputs = subtract_fee_outputs;
 157      }
 158      return static_groups;
 159  }
 160  
 161  inline std::vector<OutputGroup>& KnapsackGroupOutputs(const CoinsResult& available_coins, CWallet& wallet, const CoinEligibilityFilter& filter)
 162  {
 163      FastRandomContext rand{};
 164      CoinSelectionParams coin_selection_params{
 165          rand,
 166          /*change_output_size=*/ 0,
 167          /*change_spend_size=*/ 0,
 168          /*min_change_target=*/ CENT,
 169          /*effective_feerate=*/ CFeeRate(0),
 170          /*long_term_feerate=*/ CFeeRate(0),
 171          /*discard_feerate=*/ CFeeRate(0),
 172          /*tx_noinputs_size=*/ 0,
 173          /*avoid_partial=*/ false,
 174      };
 175      static OutputGroupTypeMap static_groups;
 176      static_groups = GroupOutputs(wallet, available_coins, coin_selection_params, {{filter}})[filter];
 177      return static_groups.all_groups.mixed_group;
 178  }
 179  
 180  static std::unique_ptr<CWallet> NewWallet(const node::NodeContext& m_node, const std::string& wallet_name = "")
 181  {
 182      std::unique_ptr<CWallet> wallet = std::make_unique<CWallet>(m_node.chain.get(), wallet_name, CreateMockableWalletDatabase());
 183      BOOST_CHECK(wallet->LoadWallet() == DBErrors::LOAD_OK);
 184      LOCK(wallet->cs_wallet);
 185      wallet->SetWalletFlag(WALLET_FLAG_DESCRIPTORS);
 186      wallet->SetupDescriptorScriptPubKeyMans();
 187      return wallet;
 188  }
 189  
 190  // Branch and bound coin selection tests
 191  BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(bnb_search_test)
 192  {
 193      FastRandomContext rand{};
 194      // Setup
 195      std::vector<COutput> utxo_pool;
 196      SelectionResult expected_result(CAmount(0), SelectionAlgorithm::BNB);
 197  
 198      /////////////////////////
 199      // Known Outcome tests //
 200      /////////////////////////
 201  
 202      // Empty utxo pool
 203      BOOST_CHECK(!SelectCoinsBnB(GroupCoins(utxo_pool), 1 * CENT, 0.5 * CENT));
 204  
 205      // Add utxos
 206      add_coin(1 * CENT, 1, utxo_pool);
 207      add_coin(2 * CENT, 2, utxo_pool);
 208      add_coin(3 * CENT, 3, utxo_pool);
 209      add_coin(4 * CENT, 4, utxo_pool);
 210  
 211      // Select 1 Cent
 212      add_coin(1 * CENT, 1, expected_result);
 213      const auto result1 = SelectCoinsBnB(GroupCoins(utxo_pool), 1 * CENT, 0.5 * CENT);
 214      BOOST_CHECK(result1);
 215      BOOST_CHECK(EquivalentResult(expected_result, *result1));
 216      BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result1->GetSelectedValue(), 1 * CENT);
 217      expected_result.Clear();
 218  
 219      // Select 2 Cent
 220      add_coin(2 * CENT, 2, expected_result);
 221      const auto result2 = SelectCoinsBnB(GroupCoins(utxo_pool), 2 * CENT, 0.5 * CENT);
 222      BOOST_CHECK(result2);
 223      BOOST_CHECK(EquivalentResult(expected_result, *result2));
 224      BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result2->GetSelectedValue(), 2 * CENT);
 225      expected_result.Clear();
 226  
 227      // Select 5 Cent
 228      add_coin(3 * CENT, 3, expected_result);
 229      add_coin(2 * CENT, 2, expected_result);
 230      const auto result3 = SelectCoinsBnB(GroupCoins(utxo_pool), 5 * CENT, 0.5 * CENT);
 231      BOOST_CHECK(result3);
 232      BOOST_CHECK(EquivalentResult(expected_result, *result3));
 233      BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result3->GetSelectedValue(), 5 * CENT);
 234      expected_result.Clear();
 235  
 236      // Select 11 Cent, not possible
 237      BOOST_CHECK(!SelectCoinsBnB(GroupCoins(utxo_pool), 11 * CENT, 0.5 * CENT));
 238      expected_result.Clear();
 239  
 240      // Cost of change is greater than the difference between target value and utxo sum
 241      add_coin(1 * CENT, 1, expected_result);
 242      const auto result4 = SelectCoinsBnB(GroupCoins(utxo_pool), 0.9 * CENT, 0.5 * CENT);
 243      BOOST_CHECK(result4);
 244      BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result4->GetSelectedValue(), 1 * CENT);
 245      BOOST_CHECK(EquivalentResult(expected_result, *result4));
 246      expected_result.Clear();
 247  
 248      // Cost of change is less than the difference between target value and utxo sum
 249      BOOST_CHECK(!SelectCoinsBnB(GroupCoins(utxo_pool), 0.9 * CENT, 0));
 250      expected_result.Clear();
 251  
 252      // Select 10 Cent
 253      add_coin(5 * CENT, 5, utxo_pool);
 254      add_coin(4 * CENT, 4, expected_result);
 255      add_coin(3 * CENT, 3, expected_result);
 256      add_coin(2 * CENT, 2, expected_result);
 257      add_coin(1 * CENT, 1, expected_result);
 258      const auto result5 = SelectCoinsBnB(GroupCoins(utxo_pool), 10 * CENT, 0.5 * CENT);
 259      BOOST_CHECK(result5);
 260      BOOST_CHECK(EquivalentResult(expected_result, *result5));
 261      BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result5->GetSelectedValue(), 10 * CENT);
 262      expected_result.Clear();
 263  
 264      // Select 0.25 Cent, not possible
 265      BOOST_CHECK(!SelectCoinsBnB(GroupCoins(utxo_pool), 0.25 * CENT, 0.5 * CENT));
 266      expected_result.Clear();
 267  
 268      // Iteration exhaustion test
 269      CAmount target = make_hard_case(17, utxo_pool);
 270      BOOST_CHECK(!SelectCoinsBnB(GroupCoins(utxo_pool), target, 1)); // Should exhaust
 271      target = make_hard_case(14, utxo_pool);
 272      const auto result7 = SelectCoinsBnB(GroupCoins(utxo_pool), target, 1); // Should not exhaust
 273      BOOST_CHECK(result7);
 274  
 275      // Test same value early bailout optimization
 276      utxo_pool.clear();
 277      add_coin(7 * CENT, 7, expected_result);
 278      add_coin(7 * CENT, 7, expected_result);
 279      add_coin(7 * CENT, 7, expected_result);
 280      add_coin(7 * CENT, 7, expected_result);
 281      add_coin(2 * CENT, 7, expected_result);
 282      add_coin(7 * CENT, 7, utxo_pool);
 283      add_coin(7 * CENT, 7, utxo_pool);
 284      add_coin(7 * CENT, 7, utxo_pool);
 285      add_coin(7 * CENT, 7, utxo_pool);
 286      add_coin(2 * CENT, 7, utxo_pool);
 287      for (int i = 0; i < 50000; ++i) {
 288          add_coin(5 * CENT, 7, utxo_pool);
 289      }
 290      const auto result8 = SelectCoinsBnB(GroupCoins(utxo_pool), 30 * CENT, 5000);
 291      BOOST_CHECK(result8);
 292      BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result8->GetSelectedValue(), 30 * CENT);
 293      BOOST_CHECK(EquivalentResult(expected_result, *result8));
 294  
 295      ////////////////////
 296      // Behavior tests //
 297      ////////////////////
 298      // Select 1 Cent with pool of only greater than 5 Cent
 299      utxo_pool.clear();
 300      for (int i = 5; i <= 20; ++i) {
 301          add_coin(i * CENT, i, utxo_pool);
 302      }
 303      // Run 100 times, to make sure it is never finding a solution
 304      for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
 305          BOOST_CHECK(!SelectCoinsBnB(GroupCoins(utxo_pool), 1 * CENT, 2 * CENT));
 306      }
 307  
 308      // Make sure that effective value is working in AttemptSelection when BnB is used
 309      CoinSelectionParams coin_selection_params_bnb{
 310          rand,
 311          /*change_output_size=*/ 31,
 312          /*change_spend_size=*/ 68,
 313          /*min_change_target=*/ 0,
 314          /*effective_feerate=*/ CFeeRate(3000),
 315          /*long_term_feerate=*/ CFeeRate(1000),
 316          /*discard_feerate=*/ CFeeRate(1000),
 317          /*tx_noinputs_size=*/ 0,
 318          /*avoid_partial=*/ false,
 319      };
 320      coin_selection_params_bnb.m_change_fee = coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate.GetFee(coin_selection_params_bnb.change_output_size);
 321      coin_selection_params_bnb.m_cost_of_change = coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate.GetFee(coin_selection_params_bnb.change_spend_size) + coin_selection_params_bnb.m_change_fee;
 322      coin_selection_params_bnb.min_viable_change = coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate.GetFee(coin_selection_params_bnb.change_spend_size);
 323  
 324      {
 325          std::unique_ptr<CWallet> wallet = NewWallet(m_node);
 326  
 327          CoinsResult available_coins;
 328  
 329          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 1, coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate);
 330          available_coins.All().at(0).input_bytes = 40; // Make sure that it has a negative effective value. The next check should assert if this somehow got through. Otherwise it will fail
 331          BOOST_CHECK(!SelectCoinsBnB(GroupCoins(available_coins.All()), 1 * CENT, coin_selection_params_bnb.m_cost_of_change));
 332  
 333          // Test fees subtracted from output:
 334          available_coins.Clear();
 335          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 1 * CENT, coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate);
 336          available_coins.All().at(0).input_bytes = 40;
 337          const auto result9 = SelectCoinsBnB(GroupCoins(available_coins.All()), 1 * CENT, coin_selection_params_bnb.m_cost_of_change);
 338          BOOST_CHECK(result9);
 339          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result9->GetSelectedValue(), 1 * CENT);
 340      }
 341  
 342      {
 343          std::unique_ptr<CWallet> wallet = NewWallet(m_node);
 344  
 345          CoinsResult available_coins;
 346  
 347          coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate = CFeeRate(0);
 348          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 5 * CENT, coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate, 6 * 24, false, 0, true);
 349          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 3 * CENT, coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate, 6 * 24, false, 0, true);
 350          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 2 * CENT, coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate, 6 * 24, false, 0, true);
 351          CCoinControl coin_control;
 352          coin_control.m_allow_other_inputs = true;
 353          COutput select_coin = available_coins.All().at(0);
 354          coin_control.Select(select_coin.outpoint);
 355          PreSelectedInputs selected_input;
 356          selected_input.Insert(select_coin, coin_selection_params_bnb.m_subtract_fee_outputs);
 357          available_coins.Erase({available_coins.coins[OutputType::BECH32].begin()->outpoint});
 358  
 359          LOCK(wallet->cs_wallet);
 360          const auto result10 = SelectCoins(*wallet, available_coins, selected_input, 10 * CENT, coin_control, coin_selection_params_bnb);
 361          BOOST_CHECK(result10);
 362      }
 363      {
 364          std::unique_ptr<CWallet> wallet = NewWallet(m_node);
 365          LOCK(wallet->cs_wallet); // Every 'SelectCoins' call requires it
 366  
 367          CoinsResult available_coins;
 368  
 369          // single coin should be selected when effective fee > long term fee
 370          coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate = CFeeRate(5000);
 371          coin_selection_params_bnb.m_long_term_feerate = CFeeRate(3000);
 372  
 373          // Add selectable outputs, increasing their raw amounts by their input fee to make the effective value equal to the raw amount
 374          CAmount input_fee = coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate.GetFee(/*num_bytes=*/68); // bech32 input size (default test output type)
 375          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 10 * CENT + input_fee, coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate, 6 * 24, false, 0, true);
 376          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 9 * CENT + input_fee, coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate, 6 * 24, false, 0, true);
 377          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 1 * CENT + input_fee, coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate, 6 * 24, false, 0, true);
 378  
 379          expected_result.Clear();
 380          add_coin(10 * CENT + input_fee, 2, expected_result);
 381          CCoinControl coin_control;
 382          const auto result11 = SelectCoins(*wallet, available_coins, /*pre_set_inputs=*/{}, 10 * CENT, coin_control, coin_selection_params_bnb);
 383          BOOST_CHECK(EquivalentResult(expected_result, *result11));
 384          available_coins.Clear();
 385  
 386          // more coins should be selected when effective fee < long term fee
 387          coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate = CFeeRate(3000);
 388          coin_selection_params_bnb.m_long_term_feerate = CFeeRate(5000);
 389  
 390          // Add selectable outputs, increasing their raw amounts by their input fee to make the effective value equal to the raw amount
 391          input_fee = coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate.GetFee(/*num_bytes=*/68); // bech32 input size (default test output type)
 392          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 10 * CENT + input_fee, coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate, 6 * 24, false, 0, true);
 393          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 9 * CENT + input_fee, coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate, 6 * 24, false, 0, true);
 394          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 1 * CENT + input_fee, coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate, 6 * 24, false, 0, true);
 395  
 396          expected_result.Clear();
 397          add_coin(9 * CENT + input_fee, 2, expected_result);
 398          add_coin(1 * CENT + input_fee, 2, expected_result);
 399          const auto result12 = SelectCoins(*wallet, available_coins, /*pre_set_inputs=*/{}, 10 * CENT, coin_control, coin_selection_params_bnb);
 400          BOOST_CHECK(EquivalentResult(expected_result, *result12));
 401          available_coins.Clear();
 402  
 403          // pre selected coin should be selected even if disadvantageous
 404          coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate = CFeeRate(5000);
 405          coin_selection_params_bnb.m_long_term_feerate = CFeeRate(3000);
 406  
 407          // Add selectable outputs, increasing their raw amounts by their input fee to make the effective value equal to the raw amount
 408          input_fee = coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate.GetFee(/*num_bytes=*/68); // bech32 input size (default test output type)
 409          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 10 * CENT + input_fee, coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate, 6 * 24, false, 0, true);
 410          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 9 * CENT + input_fee, coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate, 6 * 24, false, 0, true);
 411          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 1 * CENT + input_fee, coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate, 6 * 24, false, 0, true);
 412  
 413          expected_result.Clear();
 414          add_coin(9 * CENT + input_fee, 2, expected_result);
 415          add_coin(1 * CENT + input_fee, 2, expected_result);
 416          coin_control.m_allow_other_inputs = true;
 417          COutput select_coin = available_coins.All().at(1); // pre select 9 coin
 418          coin_control.Select(select_coin.outpoint);
 419          PreSelectedInputs selected_input;
 420          selected_input.Insert(select_coin, coin_selection_params_bnb.m_subtract_fee_outputs);
 421          available_coins.Erase({(++available_coins.coins[OutputType::BECH32].begin())->outpoint});
 422          const auto result13 = SelectCoins(*wallet, available_coins, selected_input, 10 * CENT, coin_control, coin_selection_params_bnb);
 423          BOOST_CHECK(EquivalentResult(expected_result, *result13));
 424      }
 425  
 426      {
 427          // Test bnb max weight exceeded
 428          // Inputs set [10, 9, 8, 5, 3, 1], Selection Target = 16 and coin 5 exceeding the max weight.
 429  
 430          std::unique_ptr<CWallet> wallet = NewWallet(m_node);
 431  
 432          CoinsResult available_coins;
 433          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 10 * CENT, coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate, 6 * 24, false, 0, true);
 434          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 9 * CENT, coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate, 6 * 24, false, 0, true);
 435          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 8 * CENT, coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate, 6 * 24, false, 0, true);
 436          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 5 * CENT, coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate, 6 * 24, false, 0, true, /*custom_size=*/MAX_STANDARD_TX_WEIGHT);
 437          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 3 * CENT, coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate, 6 * 24, false, 0, true);
 438          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 1 * CENT, coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate, 6 * 24, false, 0, true);
 439  
 440          CAmount selection_target = 16 * CENT;
 441          const auto& no_res = SelectCoinsBnB(GroupCoins(available_coins.All(), /*subtract_fee_outputs*/true),
 442                                              selection_target, /*cost_of_change=*/0, MAX_STANDARD_TX_WEIGHT);
 443          BOOST_REQUIRE(!no_res);
 444          BOOST_CHECK(util::ErrorString(no_res).original.find("The inputs size exceeds the maximum weight") != std::string::npos);
 445  
 446          // Now add same coin value with a good size and check that it gets selected
 447          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 5 * CENT, coin_selection_params_bnb.m_effective_feerate, 6 * 24, false, 0, true);
 448          const auto& res = SelectCoinsBnB(GroupCoins(available_coins.All(), /*subtract_fee_outputs*/true), selection_target, /*cost_of_change=*/0);
 449  
 450          expected_result.Clear();
 451          add_coin(8 * CENT, 2, expected_result);
 452          add_coin(5 * CENT, 2, expected_result);
 453          add_coin(3 * CENT, 2, expected_result);
 454          BOOST_CHECK(EquivalentResult(expected_result, *res));
 455      }
 456  }
 457  
 458  BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(bnb_sffo_restriction)
 459  {
 460      // Verify the coin selection process does not produce a BnB solution when SFFO is enabled.
 461      // This is currently problematic because it could require a change output. And BnB is specialized on changeless solutions.
 462      std::unique_ptr<CWallet> wallet = NewWallet(m_node);
 463      WITH_LOCK(wallet->cs_wallet, wallet->SetLastBlockProcessed(300, uint256{})); // set a high block so internal UTXOs are selectable
 464  
 465      FastRandomContext rand{};
 466      CoinSelectionParams params{
 467              rand,
 468              /*change_output_size=*/ 31,  // unused value, p2wpkh output size (wallet default change type)
 469              /*change_spend_size=*/ 68,   // unused value, p2wpkh input size (high-r signature)
 470              /*min_change_target=*/ 0,    // dummy, set later
 471              /*effective_feerate=*/ CFeeRate(3000),
 472              /*long_term_feerate=*/ CFeeRate(1000),
 473              /*discard_feerate=*/ CFeeRate(1000),
 474              /*tx_noinputs_size=*/ 0,
 475              /*avoid_partial=*/ false,
 476      };
 477      params.m_subtract_fee_outputs = true;
 478      params.m_change_fee = params.m_effective_feerate.GetFee(params.change_output_size);
 479      params.m_cost_of_change = params.m_discard_feerate.GetFee(params.change_spend_size) + params.m_change_fee;
 480      params.m_min_change_target = params.m_cost_of_change + 1;
 481      // Add spendable coin at the BnB selection upper bound
 482      CoinsResult available_coins;
 483      add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, COIN + params.m_cost_of_change, /*feerate=*/params.m_effective_feerate, /*nAge=*/6, /*fIsFromMe=*/true, /*nInput=*/0, /*spendable=*/true);
 484      add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 0.5 * COIN + params.m_cost_of_change, /*feerate=*/params.m_effective_feerate, /*nAge=*/6, /*fIsFromMe=*/true, /*nInput=*/0, /*spendable=*/true);
 485      add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 0.5 * COIN, /*feerate=*/params.m_effective_feerate, /*nAge=*/6, /*fIsFromMe=*/true, /*nInput=*/0, /*spendable=*/true);
 486      // Knapsack will only find a changeless solution on an exact match to the satoshi, SRD doesn’t look for changeless
 487      // If BnB were run, it would produce a single input solution with the best waste score
 488      auto result = WITH_LOCK(wallet->cs_wallet, return SelectCoins(*wallet, available_coins, /*pre_set_inputs=*/{}, COIN, /*coin_control=*/{}, params));
 489      BOOST_CHECK(result.has_value());
 490      BOOST_CHECK_NE(result->GetAlgo(), SelectionAlgorithm::BNB);
 491      BOOST_CHECK(result->GetInputSet().size() == 2);
 492      // We have only considered BnB, SRD, and Knapsack. Test needs to be reevaluated if new algo is added
 493      BOOST_CHECK(result->GetAlgo() == SelectionAlgorithm::SRD || result->GetAlgo() == SelectionAlgorithm::KNAPSACK);
 494  }
 495  
 496  BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(knapsack_solver_test)
 497  {
 498      FastRandomContext rand{};
 499      const auto temp1{[&rand](std::vector<OutputGroup>& g, const CAmount& v, CAmount c) { return KnapsackSolver(g, v, c, rand); }};
 500      const auto KnapsackSolver{temp1};
 501      std::unique_ptr<CWallet> wallet = NewWallet(m_node);
 502  
 503      CoinsResult available_coins;
 504  
 505      // test multiple times to allow for differences in the shuffle order
 506      for (int i = 0; i < RUN_TESTS; i++)
 507      {
 508          available_coins.Clear();
 509  
 510          // with an empty wallet we can't even pay one cent
 511          BOOST_CHECK(!KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_standard), 1 * CENT, CENT));
 512  
 513          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 1*CENT, CFeeRate(0), 4);        // add a new 1 cent coin
 514  
 515          // with a new 1 cent coin, we still can't find a mature 1 cent
 516          BOOST_CHECK(!KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_standard), 1 * CENT, CENT));
 517  
 518          // but we can find a new 1 cent
 519          const auto result1 = KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_confirmed), 1 * CENT, CENT);
 520          BOOST_CHECK(result1);
 521          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result1->GetSelectedValue(), 1 * CENT);
 522  
 523          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 2*CENT);           // add a mature 2 cent coin
 524  
 525          // we can't make 3 cents of mature coins
 526          BOOST_CHECK(!KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_standard), 3 * CENT, CENT));
 527  
 528          // we can make 3 cents of new coins
 529          const auto result2 = KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_confirmed), 3 * CENT, CENT);
 530          BOOST_CHECK(result2);
 531          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result2->GetSelectedValue(), 3 * CENT);
 532  
 533          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 5*CENT);           // add a mature 5 cent coin,
 534          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 10*CENT, CFeeRate(0), 3, true); // a new 10 cent coin sent from one of our own addresses
 535          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 20*CENT);          // and a mature 20 cent coin
 536  
 537          // now we have new: 1+10=11 (of which 10 was self-sent), and mature: 2+5+20=27.  total = 38
 538  
 539          // we can't make 38 cents only if we disallow new coins:
 540          BOOST_CHECK(!KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_standard), 38 * CENT, CENT));
 541          // we can't even make 37 cents if we don't allow new coins even if they're from us
 542          BOOST_CHECK(!KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_standard_extra), 38 * CENT, CENT));
 543          // but we can make 37 cents if we accept new coins from ourself
 544          const auto result3 = KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_standard), 37 * CENT, CENT);
 545          BOOST_CHECK(result3);
 546          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result3->GetSelectedValue(), 37 * CENT);
 547          // and we can make 38 cents if we accept all new coins
 548          const auto result4 = KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_confirmed), 38 * CENT, CENT);
 549          BOOST_CHECK(result4);
 550          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result4->GetSelectedValue(), 38 * CENT);
 551  
 552          // try making 34 cents from 1,2,5,10,20 - we can't do it exactly
 553          const auto result5 = KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_confirmed), 34 * CENT, CENT);
 554          BOOST_CHECK(result5);
 555          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result5->GetSelectedValue(), 35 * CENT);       // but 35 cents is closest
 556          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result5->GetInputSet().size(), 3U);     // the best should be 20+10+5.  it's incredibly unlikely the 1 or 2 got included (but possible)
 557  
 558          // when we try making 7 cents, the smaller coins (1,2,5) are enough.  We should see just 2+5
 559          const auto result6 = KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_confirmed), 7 * CENT, CENT);
 560          BOOST_CHECK(result6);
 561          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result6->GetSelectedValue(), 7 * CENT);
 562          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result6->GetInputSet().size(), 2U);
 563  
 564          // when we try making 8 cents, the smaller coins (1,2,5) are exactly enough.
 565          const auto result7 = KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_confirmed), 8 * CENT, CENT);
 566          BOOST_CHECK(result7);
 567          BOOST_CHECK(result7->GetSelectedValue() == 8 * CENT);
 568          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result7->GetInputSet().size(), 3U);
 569  
 570          // when we try making 9 cents, no subset of smaller coins is enough, and we get the next bigger coin (10)
 571          const auto result8 = KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_confirmed), 9 * CENT, CENT);
 572          BOOST_CHECK(result8);
 573          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result8->GetSelectedValue(), 10 * CENT);
 574          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result8->GetInputSet().size(), 1U);
 575  
 576          // now clear out the wallet and start again to test choosing between subsets of smaller coins and the next biggest coin
 577          available_coins.Clear();
 578  
 579          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet,  6*CENT);
 580          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet,  7*CENT);
 581          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet,  8*CENT);
 582          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 20*CENT);
 583          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 30*CENT); // now we have 6+7+8+20+30 = 71 cents total
 584  
 585          // check that we have 71 and not 72
 586          const auto result9 = KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_confirmed), 71 * CENT, CENT);
 587          BOOST_CHECK(result9);
 588          BOOST_CHECK(!KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_confirmed), 72 * CENT, CENT));
 589  
 590          // now try making 16 cents.  the best smaller coins can do is 6+7+8 = 21; not as good at the next biggest coin, 20
 591          const auto result10 = KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_confirmed), 16 * CENT, CENT);
 592          BOOST_CHECK(result10);
 593          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result10->GetSelectedValue(), 20 * CENT); // we should get 20 in one coin
 594          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result10->GetInputSet().size(), 1U);
 595  
 596          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet,  5*CENT); // now we have 5+6+7+8+20+30 = 75 cents total
 597  
 598          // now if we try making 16 cents again, the smaller coins can make 5+6+7 = 18 cents, better than the next biggest coin, 20
 599          const auto result11 = KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_confirmed), 16 * CENT, CENT);
 600          BOOST_CHECK(result11);
 601          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result11->GetSelectedValue(), 18 * CENT); // we should get 18 in 3 coins
 602          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result11->GetInputSet().size(), 3U);
 603  
 604          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet,  18*CENT); // now we have 5+6+7+8+18+20+30
 605  
 606          // and now if we try making 16 cents again, the smaller coins can make 5+6+7 = 18 cents, the same as the next biggest coin, 18
 607          const auto result12 = KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_confirmed), 16 * CENT, CENT);
 608          BOOST_CHECK(result12);
 609          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result12->GetSelectedValue(), 18 * CENT);  // we should get 18 in 1 coin
 610          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result12->GetInputSet().size(), 1U); // because in the event of a tie, the biggest coin wins
 611  
 612          // now try making 11 cents.  we should get 5+6
 613          const auto result13 = KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_confirmed), 11 * CENT, CENT);
 614          BOOST_CHECK(result13);
 615          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result13->GetSelectedValue(), 11 * CENT);
 616          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result13->GetInputSet().size(), 2U);
 617  
 618          // check that the smallest bigger coin is used
 619          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet,  1*COIN);
 620          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet,  2*COIN);
 621          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet,  3*COIN);
 622          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet,  4*COIN); // now we have 5+6+7+8+18+20+30+100+200+300+400 = 1094 cents
 623          const auto result14 = KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_confirmed), 95 * CENT, CENT);
 624          BOOST_CHECK(result14);
 625          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result14->GetSelectedValue(), 1 * COIN);  // we should get 1 BTC in 1 coin
 626          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result14->GetInputSet().size(), 1U);
 627  
 628          const auto result15 = KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_confirmed), 195 * CENT, CENT);
 629          BOOST_CHECK(result15);
 630          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result15->GetSelectedValue(), 2 * COIN);  // we should get 2 BTC in 1 coin
 631          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result15->GetInputSet().size(), 1U);
 632  
 633          // empty the wallet and start again, now with fractions of a cent, to test small change avoidance
 634  
 635          available_coins.Clear();
 636          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, CENT * 1 / 10);
 637          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, CENT * 2 / 10);
 638          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, CENT * 3 / 10);
 639          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, CENT * 4 / 10);
 640          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, CENT * 5 / 10);
 641  
 642          // try making 1 * CENT from the 1.5 * CENT
 643          // we'll get change smaller than CENT whatever happens, so can expect CENT exactly
 644          const auto result16 = KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_confirmed), CENT, CENT);
 645          BOOST_CHECK(result16);
 646          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result16->GetSelectedValue(), CENT);
 647  
 648          // but if we add a bigger coin, small change is avoided
 649          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 1111*CENT);
 650  
 651          // try making 1 from 0.1 + 0.2 + 0.3 + 0.4 + 0.5 + 1111 = 1112.5
 652          const auto result17 = KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_confirmed), 1 * CENT, CENT);
 653          BOOST_CHECK(result17);
 654          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result17->GetSelectedValue(), 1 * CENT); // we should get the exact amount
 655  
 656          // if we add more small coins:
 657          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, CENT * 6 / 10);
 658          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, CENT * 7 / 10);
 659  
 660          // and try again to make 1.0 * CENT
 661          const auto result18 = KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_confirmed), 1 * CENT, CENT);
 662          BOOST_CHECK(result18);
 663          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result18->GetSelectedValue(), 1 * CENT); // we should get the exact amount
 664  
 665          // run the 'mtgox' test (see https://blockexplorer.com/tx/29a3efd3ef04f9153d47a990bd7b048a4b2d213daaa5fb8ed670fb85f13bdbcf)
 666          // they tried to consolidate 10 50k coins into one 500k coin, and ended up with 50k in change
 667          available_coins.Clear();
 668          for (int j = 0; j < 20; j++)
 669              add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 50000 * COIN);
 670  
 671          const auto result19 = KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_confirmed), 500000 * COIN, CENT);
 672          BOOST_CHECK(result19);
 673          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result19->GetSelectedValue(), 500000 * COIN); // we should get the exact amount
 674          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result19->GetInputSet().size(), 10U); // in ten coins
 675  
 676          // if there's not enough in the smaller coins to make at least 1 * CENT change (0.5+0.6+0.7 < 1.0+1.0),
 677          // we need to try finding an exact subset anyway
 678  
 679          // sometimes it will fail, and so we use the next biggest coin:
 680          available_coins.Clear();
 681          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, CENT * 5 / 10);
 682          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, CENT * 6 / 10);
 683          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, CENT * 7 / 10);
 684          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 1111 * CENT);
 685          const auto result20 = KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_confirmed), 1 * CENT, CENT);
 686          BOOST_CHECK(result20);
 687          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result20->GetSelectedValue(), 1111 * CENT); // we get the bigger coin
 688          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result20->GetInputSet().size(), 1U);
 689  
 690          // but sometimes it's possible, and we use an exact subset (0.4 + 0.6 = 1.0)
 691          available_coins.Clear();
 692          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, CENT * 4 / 10);
 693          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, CENT * 6 / 10);
 694          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, CENT * 8 / 10);
 695          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 1111 * CENT);
 696          const auto result21 = KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_confirmed), CENT, CENT);
 697          BOOST_CHECK(result21);
 698          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result21->GetSelectedValue(), CENT);   // we should get the exact amount
 699          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result21->GetInputSet().size(), 2U); // in two coins 0.4+0.6
 700  
 701          // test avoiding small change
 702          available_coins.Clear();
 703          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, CENT * 5 / 100);
 704          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, CENT * 1);
 705          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, CENT * 100);
 706  
 707          // trying to make 100.01 from these three coins
 708          const auto result22 = KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_confirmed), CENT * 10001 / 100, CENT);
 709          BOOST_CHECK(result22);
 710          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result22->GetSelectedValue(), CENT * 10105 / 100); // we should get all coins
 711          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result22->GetInputSet().size(), 3U);
 712  
 713          // but if we try to make 99.9, we should take the bigger of the two small coins to avoid small change
 714          const auto result23 = KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_confirmed), CENT * 9990 / 100, CENT);
 715          BOOST_CHECK(result23);
 716          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result23->GetSelectedValue(), 101 * CENT);
 717          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result23->GetInputSet().size(), 2U);
 718      }
 719  
 720      // test with many inputs
 721      for (CAmount amt=1500; amt < COIN; amt*=10) {
 722          available_coins.Clear();
 723          // Create 676 inputs (=  (old MAX_STANDARD_TX_SIZE == 100000)  / 148 bytes per input)
 724          for (uint16_t j = 0; j < 676; j++)
 725              add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, amt);
 726  
 727          // We only create the wallet once to save time, but we still run the coin selection RUN_TESTS times.
 728          for (int i = 0; i < RUN_TESTS; i++) {
 729              const auto result24 = KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_confirmed), 2000, CENT);
 730              BOOST_CHECK(result24);
 731  
 732              if (amt - 2000 < CENT) {
 733                  // needs more than one input:
 734                  uint16_t returnSize = std::ceil((2000.0 + CENT)/amt);
 735                  CAmount returnValue = amt * returnSize;
 736                  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result24->GetSelectedValue(), returnValue);
 737                  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result24->GetInputSet().size(), returnSize);
 738              } else {
 739                  // one input is sufficient:
 740                  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result24->GetSelectedValue(), amt);
 741                  BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result24->GetInputSet().size(), 1U);
 742              }
 743          }
 744      }
 745  
 746      // test randomness
 747      {
 748          available_coins.Clear();
 749          for (int i2 = 0; i2 < 100; i2++)
 750              add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, COIN);
 751  
 752          // Again, we only create the wallet once to save time, but we still run the coin selection RUN_TESTS times.
 753          for (int i = 0; i < RUN_TESTS; i++) {
 754              // picking 50 from 100 coins doesn't depend on the shuffle,
 755              // but does depend on randomness in the stochastic approximation code
 756              const auto result25 = KnapsackSolver(GroupCoins(available_coins.All()), 50 * COIN, CENT);
 757              BOOST_CHECK(result25);
 758              const auto result26 = KnapsackSolver(GroupCoins(available_coins.All()), 50 * COIN, CENT);
 759              BOOST_CHECK(result26);
 760              BOOST_CHECK(!EqualResult(*result25, *result26));
 761  
 762              int fails = 0;
 763              for (int j = 0; j < RANDOM_REPEATS; j++)
 764              {
 765                  // Test that the KnapsackSolver selects randomly from equivalent coins (same value and same input size).
 766                  // When choosing 1 from 100 identical coins, 1% of the time, this test will choose the same coin twice
 767                  // which will cause it to fail.
 768                  // To avoid that issue, run the test RANDOM_REPEATS times and only complain if all of them fail
 769                  const auto result27 = KnapsackSolver(GroupCoins(available_coins.All()), COIN, CENT);
 770                  BOOST_CHECK(result27);
 771                  const auto result28 = KnapsackSolver(GroupCoins(available_coins.All()), COIN, CENT);
 772                  BOOST_CHECK(result28);
 773                  if (EqualResult(*result27, *result28))
 774                      fails++;
 775              }
 776              BOOST_CHECK_NE(fails, RANDOM_REPEATS);
 777          }
 778  
 779          // add 75 cents in small change.  not enough to make 90 cents,
 780          // then try making 90 cents.  there are multiple competing "smallest bigger" coins,
 781          // one of which should be picked at random
 782          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 5 * CENT);
 783          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 10 * CENT);
 784          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 15 * CENT);
 785          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 20 * CENT);
 786          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 25 * CENT);
 787  
 788          for (int i = 0; i < RUN_TESTS; i++) {
 789              int fails = 0;
 790              for (int j = 0; j < RANDOM_REPEATS; j++)
 791              {
 792                  const auto result29 = KnapsackSolver(GroupCoins(available_coins.All()), 90 * CENT, CENT);
 793                  BOOST_CHECK(result29);
 794                  const auto result30 = KnapsackSolver(GroupCoins(available_coins.All()), 90 * CENT, CENT);
 795                  BOOST_CHECK(result30);
 796                  if (EqualResult(*result29, *result30))
 797                      fails++;
 798              }
 799              BOOST_CHECK_NE(fails, RANDOM_REPEATS);
 800          }
 801      }
 802  }
 803  
 804  BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(ApproximateBestSubset)
 805  {
 806      FastRandomContext rand{};
 807      std::unique_ptr<CWallet> wallet = NewWallet(m_node);
 808  
 809      CoinsResult available_coins;
 810  
 811      // Test vValue sort order
 812      for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
 813          add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 1000 * COIN);
 814      add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, 3 * COIN);
 815  
 816      const auto result = KnapsackSolver(KnapsackGroupOutputs(available_coins, *wallet, filter_standard), 1003 * COIN, CENT, rand);
 817      BOOST_CHECK(result);
 818      BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result->GetSelectedValue(), 1003 * COIN);
 819      BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(result->GetInputSet().size(), 2U);
 820  }
 821  
 822  // Tests that with the ideal conditions, the coin selector will always be able to find a solution that can pay the target value
 823  BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(SelectCoins_test)
 824  {
 825      std::unique_ptr<CWallet> wallet = NewWallet(m_node);
 826      LOCK(wallet->cs_wallet); // Every 'SelectCoins' call requires it
 827  
 828      // Random generator stuff
 829      std::default_random_engine generator;
 830      std::exponential_distribution<double> distribution (100);
 831      FastRandomContext rand;
 832  
 833      // Run this test 100 times
 834      for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i)
 835      {
 836          CoinsResult available_coins;
 837          CAmount balance{0};
 838  
 839          // Make a wallet with 1000 exponentially distributed random inputs
 840          for (int j = 0; j < 1000; ++j)
 841          {
 842              CAmount val = distribution(generator)*10000000;
 843              add_coin(available_coins, *wallet, val);
 844              balance += val;
 845          }
 846  
 847          // Generate a random fee rate in the range of 100 - 400
 848          CFeeRate rate(rand.randrange(300) + 100);
 849  
 850          // Generate a random target value between 1000 and wallet balance
 851          CAmount target = rand.randrange(balance - 1000) + 1000;
 852  
 853          // Perform selection
 854          CoinSelectionParams cs_params{
 855              rand,
 856              /*change_output_size=*/ 34,
 857              /*change_spend_size=*/ 148,
 858              /*min_change_target=*/ CENT,
 859              /*effective_feerate=*/ CFeeRate(0),
 860              /*long_term_feerate=*/ CFeeRate(0),
 861              /*discard_feerate=*/ CFeeRate(0),
 862              /*tx_noinputs_size=*/ 0,
 863              /*avoid_partial=*/ false,
 864          };
 865          cs_params.m_cost_of_change = 1;
 866          cs_params.min_viable_change = 1;
 867          CCoinControl cc;
 868          const auto result = SelectCoins(*wallet, available_coins, /*pre_set_inputs=*/{}, target, cc, cs_params);
 869          BOOST_CHECK(result);
 870          BOOST_CHECK_GE(result->GetSelectedValue(), target);
 871      }
 872  }
 873  
 874  BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(waste_test)
 875  {
 876      const CAmount fee{100};
 877      const CAmount change_cost{125};
 878      const CAmount fee_diff{40};
 879      const CAmount in_amt{3 * COIN};
 880      const CAmount target{2 * COIN};
 881      const CAmount excess{in_amt - fee * 2 - target};
 882  
 883      // The following tests that the waste is calculated correctly in various scenarios.
 884      // ComputeAndSetWaste will first determine the size of the change output. We don't really
 885      // care about the change and just want to use the variant that always includes the change_cost,
 886      // so min_viable_change and change_fee are set to 0 to ensure that.
 887      {
 888          // Waste with change is the change cost and difference between fee and long term fee
 889          SelectionResult selection1{target, SelectionAlgorithm::MANUAL};
 890          add_coin(1 * COIN, 1, selection1, fee, fee - fee_diff);
 891          add_coin(2 * COIN, 2, selection1, fee, fee - fee_diff);
 892          selection1.ComputeAndSetWaste(/*min_viable_change=*/0, change_cost, /*change_fee=*/0);
 893          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(fee_diff * 2 + change_cost, selection1.GetWaste());
 894  
 895          // Waste will be greater when fee is greater, but long term fee is the same
 896          SelectionResult selection2{target, SelectionAlgorithm::MANUAL};
 897          add_coin(1 * COIN, 1, selection2, fee * 2, fee - fee_diff);
 898          add_coin(2 * COIN, 2, selection2, fee * 2, fee - fee_diff);
 899          selection2.ComputeAndSetWaste(/*min_viable_change=*/0, change_cost, /*change_fee=*/0);
 900          BOOST_CHECK_GT(selection2.GetWaste(), selection1.GetWaste());
 901  
 902          // Waste with change is the change cost and difference between fee and long term fee
 903          // With long term fee greater than fee, waste should be less than when long term fee is less than fee
 904          SelectionResult selection3{target, SelectionAlgorithm::MANUAL};
 905          add_coin(1 * COIN, 1, selection3, fee, fee + fee_diff);
 906          add_coin(2 * COIN, 2, selection3, fee, fee + fee_diff);
 907          selection3.ComputeAndSetWaste(/*min_viable_change=*/0, change_cost, /*change_fee=*/0);
 908          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(fee_diff * -2 + change_cost, selection3.GetWaste());
 909          BOOST_CHECK_LT(selection3.GetWaste(), selection1.GetWaste());
 910      }
 911  
 912      {
 913          // Waste without change is the excess and difference between fee and long term fee
 914          SelectionResult selection_nochange1{target, SelectionAlgorithm::MANUAL};
 915          add_coin(1 * COIN, 1, selection_nochange1, fee, fee - fee_diff);
 916          add_coin(2 * COIN, 2, selection_nochange1, fee, fee - fee_diff);
 917          selection_nochange1.ComputeAndSetWaste(/*min_viable_change=*/0, /*change_cost=*/0, /*change_fee=*/0);
 918          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(fee_diff * 2 + excess, selection_nochange1.GetWaste());
 919  
 920          // Waste without change is the excess and difference between fee and long term fee
 921          // With long term fee greater than fee, waste should be less than when long term fee is less than fee
 922          SelectionResult selection_nochange2{target, SelectionAlgorithm::MANUAL};
 923          add_coin(1 * COIN, 1, selection_nochange2, fee, fee + fee_diff);
 924          add_coin(2 * COIN, 2, selection_nochange2, fee, fee + fee_diff);
 925          selection_nochange2.ComputeAndSetWaste(/*min_viable_change=*/0, /*change_cost=*/0, /*change_fee=*/0);
 926          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(fee_diff * -2 + excess, selection_nochange2.GetWaste());
 927          BOOST_CHECK_LT(selection_nochange2.GetWaste(), selection_nochange1.GetWaste());
 928      }
 929  
 930      {
 931          // Waste with change and fee == long term fee is just cost of change
 932          SelectionResult selection{target, SelectionAlgorithm::MANUAL};
 933          add_coin(1 * COIN, 1, selection, fee, fee);
 934          add_coin(2 * COIN, 2, selection, fee, fee);
 935          selection.ComputeAndSetWaste(/*min_viable_change=*/0, change_cost, /*change_fee=*/0);
 936          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(change_cost, selection.GetWaste());
 937      }
 938  
 939      {
 940          // Waste without change and fee == long term fee is just the excess
 941          SelectionResult selection{target, SelectionAlgorithm::MANUAL};
 942          add_coin(1 * COIN, 1, selection, fee, fee);
 943          add_coin(2 * COIN, 2, selection, fee, fee);
 944          selection.ComputeAndSetWaste(/*min_viable_change=*/0, /*change_cost=*/0, /*change_fee=*/0);
 945          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(excess, selection.GetWaste());
 946      }
 947  
 948      {
 949          // No Waste when fee == long_term_fee, no change, and no excess
 950          const CAmount exact_target{in_amt - fee * 2};
 951          SelectionResult selection{exact_target, SelectionAlgorithm::MANUAL};
 952          add_coin(1 * COIN, 1, selection, fee, fee);
 953          add_coin(2 * COIN, 2, selection, fee, fee);
 954          selection.ComputeAndSetWaste(/*min_viable_change=*/0, /*change_cost=*/0, /*change_fee=*/0);
 955          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(0, selection.GetWaste());
 956      }
 957  
 958      {
 959          // No Waste when (fee - long_term_fee) == (-cost_of_change), and no excess
 960          SelectionResult selection{target, SelectionAlgorithm::MANUAL};
 961          const CAmount new_change_cost{fee_diff * 2};
 962          add_coin(1 * COIN, 1, selection, fee, fee + fee_diff);
 963          add_coin(2 * COIN, 2, selection, fee, fee + fee_diff);
 964          selection.ComputeAndSetWaste(/*min_viable_change=*/0, new_change_cost, /*change_fee=*/0);
 965          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(0, selection.GetWaste());
 966      }
 967  
 968      {
 969          // No Waste when (fee - long_term_fee) == (-excess), no change cost
 970          const CAmount new_target{in_amt - fee * 2 - fee_diff * 2};
 971          SelectionResult selection{new_target, SelectionAlgorithm::MANUAL};
 972          add_coin(1 * COIN, 1, selection, fee, fee + fee_diff);
 973          add_coin(2 * COIN, 2, selection, fee, fee + fee_diff);
 974          selection.ComputeAndSetWaste(/*min_viable_change=*/0, /*change_cost=*/0, /*change_fee=*/0);
 975          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(0, selection.GetWaste());
 976      }
 977  
 978      {
 979          // Negative waste when the long term fee is greater than the current fee and the selected value == target
 980          const CAmount exact_target{3 * COIN - 2 * fee};
 981          SelectionResult selection{exact_target, SelectionAlgorithm::MANUAL};
 982          const CAmount target_waste1{-2 * fee_diff}; // = (2 * fee) - (2 * (fee + fee_diff))
 983          add_coin(1 * COIN, 1, selection, fee, fee + fee_diff);
 984          add_coin(2 * COIN, 2, selection, fee, fee + fee_diff);
 985          selection.ComputeAndSetWaste(/*min_viable_change=*/0, /*change_cost=*/0, /*change_fee=*/0);
 986          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(target_waste1, selection.GetWaste());
 987      }
 988  
 989      {
 990          // Negative waste when the long term fee is greater than the current fee and change_cost < - (inputs * (fee - long_term_fee))
 991          SelectionResult selection{target, SelectionAlgorithm::MANUAL};
 992          const CAmount large_fee_diff{90};
 993          const CAmount target_waste2{-2 * large_fee_diff + change_cost}; // = (2 * fee) - (2 * (fee + large_fee_diff)) + change_cost
 994          add_coin(1 * COIN, 1, selection, fee, fee + large_fee_diff);
 995          add_coin(2 * COIN, 2, selection, fee, fee + large_fee_diff);
 996          selection.ComputeAndSetWaste(/*min_viable_change=*/0, change_cost, /*change_fee=*/0);
 997          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(target_waste2, selection.GetWaste());
 998      }
 999  }
1000  
1001  
1002  BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(bump_fee_test)
1003  {
1004      const CAmount fee{100};
1005      const CAmount min_viable_change{200};
1006      const CAmount change_cost{125};
1007      const CAmount change_fee{35};
1008      const CAmount fee_diff{40};
1009      const CAmount target{2 * COIN};
1010  
1011      {
1012          SelectionResult selection{target, SelectionAlgorithm::MANUAL};
1013          add_coin(1 * COIN, 1, selection, /*fee=*/fee, /*long_term_fee=*/fee + fee_diff);
1014          add_coin(2 * COIN, 2, selection, fee, fee + fee_diff);
1015          const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<COutput>> inputs = selection.GetShuffledInputVector();
1016  
1017          for (size_t i = 0; i < inputs.size(); ++i) {
1018              inputs[i]->ApplyBumpFee(20*(i+1));
1019          }
1020  
1021          selection.ComputeAndSetWaste(min_viable_change, change_cost, change_fee);
1022          CAmount expected_waste = fee_diff * -2 + change_cost + /*bump_fees=*/60;
1023          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(expected_waste, selection.GetWaste());
1024  
1025          selection.SetBumpFeeDiscount(30);
1026          selection.ComputeAndSetWaste(min_viable_change, change_cost, change_fee);
1027          expected_waste = fee_diff * -2 + change_cost + /*bump_fees=*/60 - /*group_discount=*/30;
1028          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(expected_waste, selection.GetWaste());
1029      }
1030  
1031      {
1032          // Test with changeless transaction
1033          //
1034          // Bump fees and excess both contribute fully to the waste score,
1035          // therefore, a bump fee group discount will not change the waste
1036          // score as long as we do not create change in both instances.
1037          CAmount changeless_target = 3 * COIN - 2 * fee - 100;
1038          SelectionResult selection{changeless_target, SelectionAlgorithm::MANUAL};
1039          add_coin(1 * COIN, 1, selection, /*fee=*/fee, /*long_term_fee=*/fee + fee_diff);
1040          add_coin(2 * COIN, 2, selection, fee, fee + fee_diff);
1041          const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<COutput>> inputs = selection.GetShuffledInputVector();
1042  
1043          for (size_t i = 0; i < inputs.size(); ++i) {
1044              inputs[i]->ApplyBumpFee(20*(i+1));
1045          }
1046  
1047          selection.ComputeAndSetWaste(min_viable_change, change_cost, change_fee);
1048          CAmount expected_waste = fee_diff * -2 + /*bump_fees=*/60 + /*excess = 100 - bump_fees*/40;
1049          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(expected_waste, selection.GetWaste());
1050  
1051          selection.SetBumpFeeDiscount(30);
1052          selection.ComputeAndSetWaste(min_viable_change, change_cost, change_fee);
1053          expected_waste = fee_diff * -2 + /*bump_fees=*/60 - /*group_discount=*/30 + /*excess = 100 - bump_fees + group_discount*/70;
1054          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(expected_waste, selection.GetWaste());
1055      }
1056  }
1057  
1058  BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(effective_value_test)
1059  {
1060      const int input_bytes = 148;
1061      const CFeeRate feerate(1000);
1062      const CAmount nValue = 10000;
1063      const int nInput = 0;
1064  
1065      CMutableTransaction tx;
1066      tx.vout.resize(1);
1067      tx.vout[nInput].nValue = nValue;
1068  
1069      // standard case, pass feerate in constructor
1070      COutput output1(COutPoint(tx.GetHash(), nInput), tx.vout.at(nInput), /*depth=*/ 1, input_bytes, /*spendable=*/ true, /*solvable=*/ true, /*safe=*/ true, /*time=*/ 0, /*from_me=*/ false, feerate);
1071      const CAmount expected_ev1 = 9852; // 10000 - 148
1072      BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(output1.GetEffectiveValue(), expected_ev1);
1073  
1074      // input bytes unknown (input_bytes = -1), pass feerate in constructor
1075      COutput output2(COutPoint(tx.GetHash(), nInput), tx.vout.at(nInput), /*depth=*/ 1, /*input_bytes=*/ -1, /*spendable=*/ true, /*solvable=*/ true, /*safe=*/ true, /*time=*/ 0, /*from_me=*/ false, feerate);
1076      BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(output2.GetEffectiveValue(), nValue); // The effective value should be equal to the absolute value if input_bytes is -1
1077  
1078      // negative effective value, pass feerate in constructor
1079      COutput output3(COutPoint(tx.GetHash(), nInput), tx.vout.at(nInput), /*depth=*/ 1, input_bytes, /*spendable=*/ true, /*solvable=*/ true, /*safe=*/ true, /*time=*/ 0, /*from_me=*/ false, CFeeRate(100000));
1080      const CAmount expected_ev3 = -4800; // 10000 - 14800
1081      BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(output3.GetEffectiveValue(), expected_ev3);
1082  
1083      // standard case, pass fees in constructor
1084      const CAmount fees = 148;
1085      COutput output4(COutPoint(tx.GetHash(), nInput), tx.vout.at(nInput), /*depth=*/ 1, input_bytes, /*spendable=*/ true, /*solvable=*/ true, /*safe=*/ true, /*time=*/ 0, /*from_me=*/ false, fees);
1086      BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(output4.GetEffectiveValue(), expected_ev1);
1087  
1088      // input bytes unknown (input_bytes = -1), pass fees in constructor
1089      COutput output5(COutPoint(tx.GetHash(), nInput), tx.vout.at(nInput), /*depth=*/ 1, /*input_bytes=*/ -1, /*spendable=*/ true, /*solvable=*/ true, /*safe=*/ true, /*time=*/ 0, /*from_me=*/ false, /*fees=*/ 0);
1090      BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(output5.GetEffectiveValue(), nValue); // The effective value should be equal to the absolute value if input_bytes is -1
1091  }
1092  
1093  static util::Result<SelectionResult> CoinGrinder(const CAmount& target,
1094                                                      const CoinSelectionParams& cs_params,
1095                                                      const node::NodeContext& m_node,
1096                                                      int max_weight,
1097                                                      std::function<CoinsResult(CWallet&)> coin_setup)
1098  {
1099      std::unique_ptr<CWallet> wallet = NewWallet(m_node);
1100      CoinEligibilityFilter filter(0, 0, 0); // accept all coins without ancestors
1101      Groups group = GroupOutputs(*wallet, coin_setup(*wallet), cs_params, {{filter}})[filter].all_groups;
1102      return CoinGrinder(group.positive_group, target, cs_params.m_min_change_target, max_weight);
1103  }
1104  
1105  BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(coin_grinder_tests)
1106  {
1107      // Test Coin Grinder:
1108      // 1) Insufficient funds, select all provided coins and fail.
1109      // 2) Exceeded max weight, coin selection always surpasses the max allowed weight.
1110      // 3) Select coins without surpassing the max weight (some coins surpasses the max allowed weight, some others not)
1111      // 4) Test that two less valuable UTXOs with a combined lower weight are preferred over a more valuable heavier UTXO
1112      // 5) Test finding a solution in a UTXO pool with mixed weights
1113      // 6) Test that the lightest solution among many clones is found
1114      // 7) Test that lots of tiny UTXOs can be skipped if they are too heavy while there are enough funds in lookahead
1115  
1116      FastRandomContext rand;
1117      CoinSelectionParams dummy_params{ // Only used to provide the 'avoid_partial' flag.
1118              rand,
1119              /*change_output_size=*/34,
1120              /*change_spend_size=*/68,
1121              /*min_change_target=*/CENT,
1122              /*effective_feerate=*/CFeeRate(5000),
1123              /*long_term_feerate=*/CFeeRate(2000),
1124              /*discard_feerate=*/CFeeRate(1000),
1125              /*tx_noinputs_size=*/10 + 34, // static header size + output size
1126              /*avoid_partial=*/false,
1127      };
1128  
1129      {
1130          // #########################################################
1131          // 1) Insufficient funds, select all provided coins and fail
1132          // #########################################################
1133          CAmount target = 49.5L * COIN;
1134          int max_weight = 10'000; // high enough to not fail for this reason.
1135          const auto& res = CoinGrinder(target, dummy_params, m_node, max_weight, [&](CWallet& wallet) {
1136              CoinsResult available_coins;
1137              for (int j = 0; j < 10; ++j) {
1138                  add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(1 * COIN));
1139                  add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(2 * COIN));
1140              }
1141              return available_coins;
1142          });
1143          BOOST_CHECK(!res);
1144          BOOST_CHECK(util::ErrorString(res).empty()); // empty means "insufficient funds"
1145      }
1146  
1147      {
1148          // ###########################
1149          // 2) Test max weight exceeded
1150          // ###########################
1151          CAmount target = 29.5L * COIN;
1152          int max_weight = 3000;
1153          const auto& res = CoinGrinder(target, dummy_params, m_node, max_weight, [&](CWallet& wallet) {
1154              CoinsResult available_coins;
1155              for (int j = 0; j < 10; ++j) {
1156                  add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(1 * COIN), CFeeRate(5000), 144, false, 0, true);
1157                  add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(2 * COIN), CFeeRate(5000), 144, false, 0, true);
1158              }
1159              return available_coins;
1160          });
1161          BOOST_CHECK(!res);
1162          BOOST_CHECK(util::ErrorString(res).original.find("The inputs size exceeds the maximum weight") != std::string::npos);
1163      }
1164  
1165      {
1166          // ###############################################################################################################
1167          // 3) Test selection when some coins surpass the max allowed weight while others not. --> must find a good solution
1168          // ################################################################################################################
1169          CAmount target = 25.33L * COIN;
1170          int max_weight = 10'000; // WU
1171          const auto& res = CoinGrinder(target, dummy_params, m_node, max_weight, [&](CWallet& wallet) {
1172              CoinsResult available_coins;
1173              for (int j = 0; j < 60; ++j) { // 60 UTXO --> 19,8 BTC total --> 60 × 272 WU = 16320 WU
1174                  add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(0.33 * COIN), CFeeRate(5000), 144, false, 0, true);
1175              }
1176              for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { // 10 UTXO --> 20 BTC total --> 10 × 272 WU = 2720 WU
1177                  add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(2 * COIN), CFeeRate(5000), 144, false, 0, true);
1178              }
1179              return available_coins;
1180          });
1181          BOOST_CHECK(res);
1182          // Demonstrate how following improvements reduce iteration count and catch any regressions in the future.
1183          size_t expected_attempts = 37;
1184          BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE(res->GetSelectionsEvaluated() == expected_attempts, strprintf("Expected %i attempts, but got %i", expected_attempts, res->GetSelectionsEvaluated()));
1185      }
1186  
1187      {
1188          // #################################################################################################################
1189          // 4) Test that two less valuable UTXOs with a combined lower weight are preferred over a more valuable heavier UTXO
1190          // #################################################################################################################
1191          CAmount target =  1.9L * COIN;
1192          int max_weight = 400'000; // WU
1193          const auto& res = CoinGrinder(target, dummy_params, m_node, max_weight, [&](CWallet& wallet) {
1194              CoinsResult available_coins;
1195              add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(2 * COIN), CFeeRate(5000), 144, false, 0, true, 148);
1196              add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(1 * COIN), CFeeRate(5000), 144, false, 0, true, 68);
1197              add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(1 * COIN), CFeeRate(5000), 144, false, 0, true, 68);
1198              return available_coins;
1199          });
1200          SelectionResult expected_result(CAmount(0), SelectionAlgorithm::CG);
1201          add_coin(1 * COIN, 1, expected_result);
1202          add_coin(1 * COIN, 2, expected_result);
1203          BOOST_CHECK(EquivalentResult(expected_result, *res));
1204          // Demonstrate how following improvements reduce iteration count and catch any regressions in the future.
1205          size_t expected_attempts = 3;
1206          BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE(res->GetSelectionsEvaluated() == expected_attempts, strprintf("Expected %i attempts, but got %i", expected_attempts, res->GetSelectionsEvaluated()));
1207      }
1208  
1209      {
1210          // ###############################################################################################################
1211          // 5) Test finding a solution in a UTXO pool with mixed weights
1212          // ################################################################################################################
1213          CAmount target = 30L * COIN;
1214          int max_weight = 400'000; // WU
1215          const auto& res = CoinGrinder(target, dummy_params, m_node, max_weight, [&](CWallet& wallet) {
1216              CoinsResult available_coins;
1217              for (int j = 0; j < 5; ++j) {
1218                  // Add heavy coins {3, 6, 9, 12, 15}
1219                  add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount((3 + 3 * j) * COIN), CFeeRate(5000), 144, false, 0, true, 350);
1220                  // Add medium coins {2, 5, 8, 11, 14}
1221                  add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount((2 + 3 * j) * COIN), CFeeRate(5000), 144, false, 0, true, 250);
1222                  // Add light coins {1, 4, 7, 10, 13}
1223                  add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount((1 + 3 * j) * COIN), CFeeRate(5000), 144, false, 0, true, 150);
1224              }
1225              return available_coins;
1226          });
1227          BOOST_CHECK(res);
1228          SelectionResult expected_result(CAmount(0), SelectionAlgorithm::CG);
1229          add_coin(14 * COIN, 1, expected_result);
1230          add_coin(13 * COIN, 2, expected_result);
1231          add_coin(4 * COIN, 3, expected_result);
1232          BOOST_CHECK(EquivalentResult(expected_result, *res));
1233          // Demonstrate how following improvements reduce iteration count and catch any regressions in the future.
1234          size_t expected_attempts = 92;
1235          BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE(res->GetSelectionsEvaluated() == expected_attempts, strprintf("Expected %i attempts, but got %i", expected_attempts, res->GetSelectionsEvaluated()));
1236      }
1237  
1238      {
1239          // #################################################################################################################
1240          // 6) Test that the lightest solution among many clones is found
1241          // #################################################################################################################
1242          CAmount target =  9.9L * COIN;
1243          int max_weight = 400'000; // WU
1244          const auto& res = CoinGrinder(target, dummy_params, m_node, max_weight, [&](CWallet& wallet) {
1245              CoinsResult available_coins;
1246              // Expected Result: 4 + 3 + 2 + 1 = 10 BTC at 400 vB
1247              add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(4 * COIN), CFeeRate(5000), 144, false, 0, true, 100);
1248              add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(3 * COIN), CFeeRate(5000), 144, false, 0, true, 100);
1249              add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(2 * COIN), CFeeRate(5000), 144, false, 0, true, 100);
1250              add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(1 * COIN), CFeeRate(5000), 144, false, 0, true, 100);
1251              // Distracting clones:
1252              for (int j = 0; j < 100; ++j) {
1253                  add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(8 * COIN), CFeeRate(5000), 144, false, 0, true, 1000);
1254              }
1255              for (int j = 0; j < 100; ++j) {
1256                  add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(7 * COIN), CFeeRate(5000), 144, false, 0, true, 800);
1257              }
1258              for (int j = 0; j < 100; ++j) {
1259                  add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(6 * COIN), CFeeRate(5000), 144, false, 0, true, 600);
1260              }
1261              for (int j = 0; j < 100; ++j) {
1262                  add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(5 * COIN), CFeeRate(5000), 144, false, 0, true, 400);
1263              }
1264              return available_coins;
1265          });
1266          SelectionResult expected_result(CAmount(0), SelectionAlgorithm::CG);
1267          add_coin(4 * COIN, 0, expected_result);
1268          add_coin(3 * COIN, 0, expected_result);
1269          add_coin(2 * COIN, 0, expected_result);
1270          add_coin(1 * COIN, 0, expected_result);
1271          BOOST_CHECK(EquivalentResult(expected_result, *res));
1272          // Demonstrate how following improvements reduce iteration count and catch any regressions in the future.
1273          size_t expected_attempts = 38;
1274          BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE(res->GetSelectionsEvaluated() == expected_attempts, strprintf("Expected %i attempts, but got %i", expected_attempts, res->GetSelectionsEvaluated()));
1275      }
1276  
1277      {
1278          // #################################################################################################################
1279          // 7) Test that lots of tiny UTXOs can be skipped if they are too heavy while there are enough funds in lookahead
1280          // #################################################################################################################
1281          CAmount target =  1.9L * COIN;
1282          int max_weight = 40000; // WU
1283          const auto& res = CoinGrinder(target, dummy_params, m_node, max_weight, [&](CWallet& wallet) {
1284              CoinsResult available_coins;
1285              add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(1.8 * COIN), CFeeRate(5000), 144, false, 0, true, 2500);
1286              add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(1 * COIN), CFeeRate(5000), 144, false, 0, true, 1000);
1287              add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(1 * COIN), CFeeRate(5000), 144, false, 0, true, 1000);
1288              for (int j = 0; j < 100; ++j) {
1289                  // make a 100 unique coins only differing by one sat
1290                  add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(0.01 * COIN + j), CFeeRate(5000), 144, false, 0, true, 110);
1291              }
1292              return available_coins;
1293          });
1294          SelectionResult expected_result(CAmount(0), SelectionAlgorithm::CG);
1295          add_coin(1 * COIN, 1, expected_result);
1296          add_coin(1 * COIN, 2, expected_result);
1297          BOOST_CHECK(EquivalentResult(expected_result, *res));
1298          // Demonstrate how following improvements reduce iteration count and catch any regressions in the future.
1299          size_t expected_attempts = 7;
1300          BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE(res->GetSelectionsEvaluated() == expected_attempts, strprintf("Expected %i attempts, but got %i", expected_attempts, res->GetSelectionsEvaluated()));
1301      }
1302  }
1303  
1304  static util::Result<SelectionResult> SelectCoinsSRD(const CAmount& target,
1305                                                      const CoinSelectionParams& cs_params,
1306                                                      const node::NodeContext& m_node,
1307                                                      int max_weight,
1308                                                      std::function<CoinsResult(CWallet&)> coin_setup)
1309  {
1310      std::unique_ptr<CWallet> wallet = NewWallet(m_node);
1311      CoinEligibilityFilter filter(0, 0, 0); // accept all coins without ancestors
1312      Groups group = GroupOutputs(*wallet, coin_setup(*wallet), cs_params, {{filter}})[filter].all_groups;
1313      return SelectCoinsSRD(group.positive_group, target, cs_params.m_change_fee, cs_params.rng_fast, max_weight);
1314  }
1315  
1316  BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(srd_tests)
1317  {
1318      // Test SRD:
1319      // 1) Insufficient funds, select all provided coins and fail.
1320      // 2) Exceeded max weight, coin selection always surpasses the max allowed weight.
1321      // 3) Select coins without surpassing the max weight (some coins surpasses the max allowed weight, some others not)
1322  
1323      FastRandomContext rand;
1324      CoinSelectionParams dummy_params{ // Only used to provide the 'avoid_partial' flag.
1325              rand,
1326              /*change_output_size=*/34,
1327              /*change_spend_size=*/68,
1328              /*min_change_target=*/CENT,
1329              /*effective_feerate=*/CFeeRate(0),
1330              /*long_term_feerate=*/CFeeRate(0),
1331              /*discard_feerate=*/CFeeRate(0),
1332              /*tx_noinputs_size=*/10 + 34, // static header size + output size
1333              /*avoid_partial=*/false,
1334      };
1335  
1336      {
1337          // #########################################################
1338          // 1) Insufficient funds, select all provided coins and fail
1339          // #########################################################
1340          CAmount target = 49.5L * COIN;
1341          int max_weight = 10000; // high enough to not fail for this reason.
1342          const auto& res = SelectCoinsSRD(target, dummy_params, m_node, max_weight, [&](CWallet& wallet) {
1343              CoinsResult available_coins;
1344              for (int j = 0; j < 10; ++j) {
1345                  add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(1 * COIN));
1346                  add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(2 * COIN));
1347              }
1348              return available_coins;
1349          });
1350          BOOST_CHECK(!res);
1351          BOOST_CHECK(util::ErrorString(res).empty()); // empty means "insufficient funds"
1352      }
1353  
1354      {
1355          // ###########################
1356          // 2) Test max weight exceeded
1357          // ###########################
1358          CAmount target = 49.5L * COIN;
1359          int max_weight = 3000;
1360          const auto& res = SelectCoinsSRD(target, dummy_params, m_node, max_weight, [&](CWallet& wallet) {
1361              CoinsResult available_coins;
1362              for (int j = 0; j < 10; ++j) {
1363                  /* 10 × 1 BTC + 10 × 2 BTC = 30 BTC. 20 × 272 WU = 5440 WU */
1364                  add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(1 * COIN), CFeeRate(0), 144, false, 0, true);
1365                  add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(2 * COIN), CFeeRate(0), 144, false, 0, true);
1366              }
1367              return available_coins;
1368          });
1369          BOOST_CHECK(!res);
1370          BOOST_CHECK(util::ErrorString(res).original.find("The inputs size exceeds the maximum weight") != std::string::npos);
1371      }
1372  
1373      {
1374          // ################################################################################################################
1375          // 3) Test selection when some coins surpass the max allowed weight while others not. --> must find a good solution
1376          // ################################################################################################################
1377          CAmount target = 25.33L * COIN;
1378          int max_weight = 10000; // WU
1379          const auto& res = SelectCoinsSRD(target, dummy_params, m_node, max_weight, [&](CWallet& wallet) {
1380              CoinsResult available_coins;
1381              for (int j = 0; j < 60; ++j) { // 60 UTXO --> 19,8 BTC total --> 60 × 272 WU = 16320 WU
1382                  add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(0.33 * COIN), CFeeRate(0), 144, false, 0, true);
1383              }
1384              for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { // 10 UTXO --> 20 BTC total --> 10 × 272 WU = 2720 WU
1385                  add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(2 * COIN), CFeeRate(0), 144, false, 0, true);
1386              }
1387              return available_coins;
1388          });
1389          BOOST_CHECK(res);
1390      }
1391  }
1392  
1393  static util::Result<SelectionResult> select_coins(const CAmount& target, const CoinSelectionParams& cs_params, const CCoinControl& cc, std::function<CoinsResult(CWallet&)> coin_setup, const node::NodeContext& m_node)
1394  {
1395      std::unique_ptr<CWallet> wallet = NewWallet(m_node);
1396      auto available_coins = coin_setup(*wallet);
1397  
1398      LOCK(wallet->cs_wallet);
1399      auto result = SelectCoins(*wallet, available_coins, /*pre_set_inputs=*/ {}, target, cc, cs_params);
1400      if (result) {
1401          const auto signedTxSize = 10 + 34 + 68 * result->GetInputSet().size(); // static header size + output size + inputs size (P2WPKH)
1402          BOOST_CHECK_LE(signedTxSize * WITNESS_SCALE_FACTOR, MAX_STANDARD_TX_WEIGHT);
1403  
1404          BOOST_CHECK_GE(result->GetSelectedValue(), target);
1405      }
1406      return result;
1407  }
1408  
1409  static bool has_coin(const CoinSet& set, CAmount amount)
1410  {
1411      return std::any_of(set.begin(), set.end(), [&](const auto& coin) { return coin->GetEffectiveValue() == amount; });
1412  }
1413  
1414  BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(check_max_weight)
1415  {
1416      const CAmount target = 49.5L * COIN;
1417      CCoinControl cc;
1418  
1419      FastRandomContext rand;
1420      CoinSelectionParams cs_params{
1421          rand,
1422          /*change_output_size=*/34,
1423          /*change_spend_size=*/68,
1424          /*min_change_target=*/CENT,
1425          /*effective_feerate=*/CFeeRate(0),
1426          /*long_term_feerate=*/CFeeRate(0),
1427          /*discard_feerate=*/CFeeRate(0),
1428          /*tx_noinputs_size=*/10 + 34, // static header size + output size
1429          /*avoid_partial=*/false,
1430      };
1431  
1432      {
1433          // Scenario 1:
1434          // The actor starts with 1x 50.0 BTC and 1515x 0.033 BTC (~100.0 BTC total) unspent outputs
1435          // Then tries to spend 49.5 BTC
1436          // The 50.0 BTC output should be selected, because the transaction would otherwise be too large
1437  
1438          // Perform selection
1439  
1440          const auto result = select_coins(
1441              target, cs_params, cc, [&](CWallet& wallet) {
1442                  CoinsResult available_coins;
1443                  for (int j = 0; j < 1515; ++j) {
1444                      add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(0.033 * COIN), CFeeRate(0), 144, false, 0, true);
1445                  }
1446  
1447                  add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(50 * COIN), CFeeRate(0), 144, false, 0, true);
1448                  return available_coins;
1449              },
1450              m_node);
1451  
1452          BOOST_CHECK(result);
1453          // Verify that only the 50 BTC UTXO was selected
1454          const auto& selection_res = result->GetInputSet();
1455          BOOST_CHECK(selection_res.size() == 1);
1456          BOOST_CHECK((*selection_res.begin())->GetEffectiveValue() == 50 * COIN);
1457      }
1458  
1459      {
1460          // Scenario 2:
1461  
1462          // The actor starts with 400x 0.0625 BTC and 2000x 0.025 BTC (75.0 BTC total) unspent outputs
1463          // Then tries to spend 49.5 BTC
1464          // A combination of coins should be selected, such that the created transaction is not too large
1465  
1466          // Perform selection
1467          const auto result = select_coins(
1468              target, cs_params, cc, [&](CWallet& wallet) {
1469                  CoinsResult available_coins;
1470                  for (int j = 0; j < 400; ++j) {
1471                      add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(0.0625 * COIN), CFeeRate(0), 144, false, 0, true);
1472                  }
1473                  for (int j = 0; j < 2000; ++j) {
1474                      add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(0.025 * COIN), CFeeRate(0), 144, false, 0, true);
1475                  }
1476                  return available_coins;
1477              },
1478              m_node);
1479  
1480          BOOST_CHECK(has_coin(result->GetInputSet(), CAmount(0.0625 * COIN)));
1481          BOOST_CHECK(has_coin(result->GetInputSet(), CAmount(0.025 * COIN)));
1482      }
1483  
1484      {
1485          // Scenario 3:
1486  
1487          // The actor starts with 1515x 0.033 BTC (49.995 BTC total) unspent outputs
1488          // No results should be returned, because the transaction would be too large
1489  
1490          // Perform selection
1491          const auto result = select_coins(
1492              target, cs_params, cc, [&](CWallet& wallet) {
1493                  CoinsResult available_coins;
1494                  for (int j = 0; j < 1515; ++j) {
1495                      add_coin(available_coins, wallet, CAmount(0.033 * COIN), CFeeRate(0), 144, false, 0, true);
1496                  }
1497                  return available_coins;
1498              },
1499              m_node);
1500  
1501          // No results
1502          // 1515 inputs * 68 bytes = 103,020 bytes
1503          // 103,020 bytes * 4 = 412,080 weight, which is above the MAX_STANDARD_TX_WEIGHT of 400,000
1504          BOOST_CHECK(!result);
1505      }
1506  }
1507  
1508  BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(SelectCoins_effective_value_test)
1509  {
1510      // Test that the effective value is used to check whether preset inputs provide sufficient funds when subtract_fee_outputs is not used.
1511      // This test creates a coin whose value is higher than the target but whose effective value is lower than the target.
1512      // The coin is selected using coin control, with m_allow_other_inputs = false. SelectCoins should fail due to insufficient funds.
1513  
1514      std::unique_ptr<CWallet> wallet = NewWallet(m_node);
1515  
1516      CoinsResult available_coins;
1517      {
1518          std::unique_ptr<CWallet> dummyWallet = NewWallet(m_node, /*wallet_name=*/"dummy");
1519          add_coin(available_coins, *dummyWallet, 100000); // 0.001 BTC
1520      }
1521  
1522      CAmount target{99900}; // 0.000999 BTC
1523  
1524      FastRandomContext rand;
1525      CoinSelectionParams cs_params{
1526          rand,
1527          /*change_output_size=*/34,
1528          /*change_spend_size=*/148,
1529          /*min_change_target=*/1000,
1530          /*effective_feerate=*/CFeeRate(3000),
1531          /*long_term_feerate=*/CFeeRate(1000),
1532          /*discard_feerate=*/CFeeRate(1000),
1533          /*tx_noinputs_size=*/0,
1534          /*avoid_partial=*/false,
1535      };
1536      CCoinControl cc;
1537      cc.m_allow_other_inputs = false;
1538      COutput output = available_coins.All().at(0);
1539      cc.SetInputWeight(output.outpoint, 148);
1540      cc.Select(output.outpoint).SetTxOut(output.txout);
1541  
1542      LOCK(wallet->cs_wallet);
1543      const auto preset_inputs = *Assert(FetchSelectedInputs(*wallet, cc, cs_params));
1544      available_coins.Erase({available_coins.coins[OutputType::BECH32].begin()->outpoint});
1545  
1546      const auto result = SelectCoins(*wallet, available_coins, preset_inputs, target, cc, cs_params);
1547      BOOST_CHECK(!result);
1548  }
1549  
1550  BOOST_FIXTURE_TEST_CASE(wallet_coinsresult_test, BasicTestingSetup)
1551  {
1552      // Test case to verify CoinsResult object sanity.
1553      CoinsResult available_coins;
1554      {
1555          std::unique_ptr<CWallet> dummyWallet = NewWallet(m_node, /*wallet_name=*/"dummy");
1556  
1557          // Add some coins to 'available_coins'
1558          for (int i=0; i<10; i++) {
1559              add_coin(available_coins, *dummyWallet, 1 * COIN);
1560          }
1561      }
1562  
1563      {
1564          // First test case, check that 'CoinsResult::Erase' function works as expected.
1565          // By trying to erase two elements from the 'available_coins' object.
1566          std::unordered_set<COutPoint, SaltedOutpointHasher> outs_to_remove;
1567          const auto& coins = available_coins.All();
1568          for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
1569              outs_to_remove.emplace(coins[i].outpoint);
1570          }
1571          available_coins.Erase(outs_to_remove);
1572  
1573          // Check that the elements were actually removed.
1574          const auto& updated_coins = available_coins.All();
1575          for (const auto& out: outs_to_remove) {
1576              auto it = std::find_if(updated_coins.begin(), updated_coins.end(), [&out](const COutput &coin) {
1577                  return coin.outpoint == out;
1578              });
1579              BOOST_CHECK(it == updated_coins.end());
1580          }
1581          // And verify that no extra element were removed
1582          BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(available_coins.Size(), 8);
1583      }
1584  }
1585  
1586  BOOST_AUTO_TEST_SUITE_END()
1587  } // namespace wallet